4.4 Article

The Effects of Molybdenum Addition on High Temperature Oxidation Behavior at 1,000 °C of Type 444 Ferritic Stainless Steel

Journal

OXIDATION OF METALS
Volume 78, Issue 3-4, Pages 253-267

Publisher

SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s11085-012-9304-8

Keywords

Ferritic stainless steel; High temperature oxidation; Molybdenum; Laves phase

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The influence of molybdenum addition on the oxidation behavior of ferritic stainless steel (FSS) was studied at 1,000 A degrees C up to 100 h in air under isothermal conditions. The results were compared with molybdenum-free FSS in order to explain the role of molybdenum on the oxidation of Type 444 FSS. It is shown that molybdenum plays a similar protective role as the one observed with silicon by promoting the precipitation of Laves phase. Moreover, the Fe-2(Nb, Mo) Laves phases with a small amount of silicon are found nearby the oxide-metal interface and deep in the metallic matrix along the grain boundaries. These highly protective Laves phases hinder the external diffusion of iron, chromium, and manganese cations from the matrix and prevent the internal diffusion of oxygen which leads to the lower oxidation rate and the better scale adherence.

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