Article
Energy & Fuels
Hsien-Tsung Lin, Guan-Bang Chen, Yei-Chin Chao
Summary: This study investigated the thermochemical conversion process of a single wood pellet under low temperatures (350 degrees C-650 degrees C) and identified outstanding low-temperature ignition and combustion characteristics. The results showed that there was a shift from heterogeneous-induced homogeneous combustion phenomenon to volatile auto-ignite mode depending on temperature conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunxuan Gu, Hongmei Xu, Rong Feng, Bin Zhang, Min Gao, Jian Sun, Zhenxing Shen, Linli Qu, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Junji Cao
Summary: This study examined the personal exposure (PE) to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives in particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM0.25) among rural housewives in the Fenwei Plain, China. The results showed that housewives using biomass as fuel experienced higher potential health impacts compared to those using coal. The findings also revealed associations between exposure to different classes of PAHs and health hazards.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Dapeng Li, Yu Zhao, Wei Du, Yong Zhang, Yubao Chen, Yali Lei, Can Wu, Gehui Wang
Summary: The Chinese government has implemented the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (APPC) to reduce air pollutants emission. This study collected PM2.5 samples from three Chinese cities and investigated the pollution characteristics of PAHs and oPAHs. The results showed that the measured cities still had considerable PAHs pollution, and the concentrations and composition of pollutants were significantly influenced by season and source.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Naian Liu, Jiao Lei, Wei Gao, Haixiang Chen, Xiaodong Xie
Summary: Large-scale wildfires, although rare, result in significant suppression costs, economic losses, and damages to natural resources. Research attention on these wildfires has increased, focusing on the complex interactions of combustion with heat transfer and atmospheric flow. Strategies to mitigate large-scale wildfires remain a challenging research focus.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Geology
Zewei Wang, Yun Xu, Qiaojing Zhao, Minmin Zhang, Weixu Li, Balaji Panchal, Bangjun Liu
Summary: Wildfires played a significant role in the climate and vegetation evolution during the Cretaceous greenhouse period. The study of peatland wildfires in the Lower Cretaceous Damoguaihe Formation revealed frequent occurrence of wildfires, dominated by low-temperature fires. The vertical variation of combustion products indicated changes in frequency and intensity of wildfires during deposition. The presence of angiosperm-derived charcoal suggests adaptation of angiosperms to the harsh peatland environment. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
CRETACEOUS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Qi Gao, Tao Zhang, Zixing Feng, Jianfei Yang, Liangmeng Ni, Wanhe Hu, Zhijia Liu
Summary: The effect of pyrolysis temperatures and residence times on the fuel characteristics of mixed biomass molded charcoals was investigated. It was found that the properties of molded charcoals were influenced by pyrolysis temperatures and residence times. As the pyrolysis temperatures and residence times increased, the content of volatile matters decreased, while the content of fixed carbon and ash increased.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Torsten Hadrich, Daniel T. Banuti, Wojtek Palubicki, Soren Pirk, Dominik L. Michels
Summary: Due to changing climatic conditions, wildfires have become a global threat that is difficult to predict and counteract. This paper introduces a novel method for simulating wildfires by realistically capturing the combustion process of individual trees and the propagation of fires at the scale of forests. Utilizing detailed 3D tree models, the simulation enables exploration of various factors affecting wildfires and their interplay with the geometric variations of branching structures.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON GRAPHICS
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Pedro Goncalves Vaz, Eric C. Merten, Christopher T. Robinson, Paulo Pinto
Summary: The study looked at how forest fires impact instream wood functions in rivers. It found that factors like burning level, season, and other driving factors can affect the likelihood of different ecological consequences. Additionally, the size and condition of wood in streams play a crucial role in providing habitat for aquatic biota, such as vegetation, periphyton, and biofilm.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jill Korsiak, Lauren Pinault, Tanya Christidis, Richard T. Burnett, Michal Abrahamowicz, Scott Weichenthal
Summary: The study found that long-term exposure to wildfires may increase the risk of lung cancer and brain tumors, but no association was found between wildfires and hematological cancers.
LANCET PLANETARY HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexander G. Gorshkov, Oksana N. Izosimova, Olga Kustova, Irina I. Marinaite, Yuri P. Galachyants, Valery N. Sinyukovich, Tamara Khodzher
Summary: The study detected various PAHs in different types of samples collected from Lake Baikal, showing seasonal, intersessional, and spatial variability in their concentrations. Data from 2016 and 2019 indicated the impact of wildfires on Lake Baikal, leading to a seasonal increase in PAH concentrations, but the ecological risk was assessed as moderate.
Article
Energy & Fuels
A. Mack, J. Maier, G. Scheffknecht
Summary: This study aims to gather experimental data on the combustion behavior of single wood particles under oxyfuel conditions. The focus is to understand how the application of oxyfuel technology affects the conditions in fuel beds and provide data for simulations. Combustion experiments were conducted on spherical particles of different sizes with varying oxygen concentrations in different atmospheres. The results showed that combustion times were generally shorter under oxyfuel conditions compared to air conditions, and increasing oxygen concentration further reduced combustion durations. The temperatures of the flame and the particles increased with higher oxygen concentration, with smaller particles showing higher values. Steam concentration had a varying effect on temperatures.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinze Wang, Wei Du, Yuanchen Chen, Yali Lei, Long Chen, Guofeng Shen, Bo Pan, Shu Tao
Summary: This study investigates the emissions of nPAHs and oPAHs from solid fuel combustion in rural Chinese households. The emissions of nPAHs and oPAHs were found to be lower for coal combustion compared to biomass burning. The phase of combustion and fuel type were found to affect the emissions of PAHs derivatives.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chunjing Liu, Gang Chen, Yujia Jin, Xiude Hu, Jianyi Lu
Summary: Based on a diffusion-flamelet-based Hencken burner, this study explores the effect of temperature on the volume fraction of soot and investigates the mass concentration, microstructure, nanostructure parameters, and chemical compositions of soot. The results show that the degree of agglomeration of soot particles and the average length of crystallite increase with the rise of flame height, while the average curvature of the crystallite and average crystalline layer spacing show a decreasing trend.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Agnieszka Krzyszczak, Michal P. Dybowski, Bozena Czech
Summary: The research investigates the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the formation of PAHs and their derivatives in biochars, showing that temperature and feedstock types affect the content and types of bioavailable PAHs. The study also reveals varying levels of toxic compounds in biochars derived from different sources, with potential limitations on their agricultural applications.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tuan Hung Ngo, Hsin Yu Yang, Shih Yu Pan, Moo Been Chang, Kai Hsien Chi
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of particulate matter-bound PAHs from industrial sources and ambient air in Taiwan, identifying fossil fuel burning and traffic emissions as major contributors to PAH levels. The research also found excessive cancer risk in industrial areas and central regions of Taiwan exceeding EPA standards.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leszek Marynowski, Ewa Lupikasza, Katarzyna Dabrowska-Zapart, Lukasz Malarzewski, Tadeusz Niedzwiedz, Bernd R. T. Simoneit
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Arkadiusz Derkowski, Jan Srodon, Magdalena Goryl, Leszek Marynowski, Marek Szczerba, Stanislaw Mazur
Summary: The study examined the diagenetic history of Ediacaran sedimentary rocks in the East European Craton using XRD characterization, K-Ar dating, mudstone porosity measurements, and organic geochemistry investigations. The results revealed differences in burial depth and diagenetic advancement between the cratonic core and margin, with older ages generally observed in the north. The findings suggest short-lasting pulses of potassium-bearing hot fluids influenced illitization in porous rocks without altering organic matter, leading to unique diagenetic patterns in the region.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Dieter Uhl, Andre Jasper
Summary: Frequent wildfires in Pennsylvanian ecosystems were possibly due to high atmospheric oxygen levels. Evidence of wildfires during the Upper Pennsylvanian Heusweiler Formation deposition was found in the Saar-Nahe Basin in SW-Germany, suggesting that some fires occurred in ecosystems inhabited by Cordaites. Charcoal fragments with fungal decay traces indicate wildfires consuming litter or dead trees, providing insight into the fire dynamics during that period.
PALAEOBIODIVERSITY AND PALAEOENVIRONMENTS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Bernd R. T. Simoneit, Maciej Rybicki, Magdalena Goryl, Michal Bucha, Angelika Otto, Leszek Marynowski
Summary: This study investigated the presence of 7-p-cymenylferruginol and its diagenetic biomarkers in Cenozoic fossil plants and Mesozoic siltstones and coals using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results showed that the occurrence of these compounds in sedimentary rocks is influenced by the maturity of organic matter. The study also identified other related compounds, which are important for understanding the role of these compounds in geological processes.
ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Dieter Uhl, Khum N. Paudayal, Sophie Hervet, Haytham El Atfy
Summary: The Paleocene Fossil-Lagerstatte Menat in France is famous for its well-preserved fossil insects and plants. New excavations have unearthed unique plant material, leading to the creation of a new taxon called Menatanthus mosbruggeri, but the lack of morphological data makes it difficult to assign it to any known angiosperm family.
PALAEOBIODIVERSITY AND PALAEOENVIRONMENTS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lucjan Sajkowski, Terry M. Seward, Bruce W. Mountain, Leszek Marynowski
Summary: The study investigates the thermal breakdown rates and reaction pathways of naphthalene disulfonates and naphthalene sulfonates in high temperature sodium chloride solutions. Results show that the breakdown of 1,5-naphthalene disulfonate is temperature-dependent and generates a mixture of products, with different compounds being formed at different temperatures.
Article
Geography, Physical
Michal Rakocinski, Leszek Marynowski, Michal Zaton, Pawel Filipiak
Summary: The study indicates that anoxic/euxinic conditions existed on the sea bottom during the Lower Alum Shale Event (LASE) in the Polish part of the Laurussia basin, possibly due to enhanced primary productivity in the water column. Additionally, volcanic activity and global climatic changes may have led to significant sea level rise and a global transgression event.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Archaeology
Ewelina Agnieszka Mista-Jakubowska, Lukasz Kruszewski, Michal Przezdziecki, Michal Paczkowski, Leszek Marynowski, Aneta Maria Gojska, Magdalena Wilczopolska, Ryszard Diduszko, Katarzyna Pyzewicz, Tymoteusz Kosinski, Krystian Trela, Michal Szubski
Summary: Two chalcedonite artefacts from the Magdalenian site of Cmielow 95 in Poland, showing macroscopic features suggestive of thermal treatment, were analyzed using multiple instruments. The red upper layer consists of protohematite, indicating a temperature-driven transition from goethite to hematite. Traces of carbonized matter with saccharides, levoglucosan, and fatty acids were found in the red layer, suggesting the artefacts may be relics of cooking stones. PXRD data indicated higher temperatures in the bottom layer (up to around 800 degrees C) and a range of 200-300 degrees C for the red layer.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Malgorzata Wendorff-Belon, Mariusz Rospondek, Leszek Marynowski
Summary: The study analyzed the geological characteristics and organic matter sources in the Vrancea and Tarca?u blocks in Eastern Romania, revealing different types of organic matter sources in different sub-basins. Stratigraphical data suggest differences in nutrient availability between the Vrancea sub-basin and the Tarca?u region, leading to variations in organic matter. Additionally, analysis of water column stratification and redox conditions showed different levels of redox conditions at different locations, possibly related to local upwelling.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leszek Marynowski, Bernd R. T. Simoneit
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive overview of saccharides in various environments, focusing on the common mono- and disaccharides found in environmental samples and sedimentary rocks. It also discusses the possible sources of saccharides and their potential applications in environmental and paleoenvironmental interpretations.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Leszek Marynowski, Michal Bucha, Malgorzata Lempart-Drozd, Marcin Stepien, Mateusz Kondratowicz, Justyna Smolarek-Lach, Maciej Rybicki, Magdalena Goryl, Jochen Brocks, Bernd R. T. Simoneit
Summary: This study presents the discovery of hemicellulose in Miocene xylites and Cretaceous xylo-detritic coals from Poland. The findings suggest that hemicelluloses can persist in fossil material for millions of years, possibly due to structural interconnection between lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Adam Nadudvari, Jerzy Cabala, Leszek Marynowski, Mariola Jablonska, Maria Dziurowicz, Dariusz Malczewski, Barbara Kozielska, Piotr Siupka, Zofia Piotrowska-Seget, Bernd R. T. Simoneit, Miroslaw Szczyrba
Summary: This study aims to understand the formation of mineral and organic mercury compounds in self-heating coal waste dumps. The results show the presence of Hg sulfides and other metal sulfides in the waste. The high concentration of Hg leads to elevated MeHg concentrations. Organic compounds identified in the waste and emitted gases could be responsible for MeHg formation.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
L. M. E. Percival, L. Marynowski, F. Baudin, S. Goderis, D. De Vleeschouwer, M. Rakocinski, K. Narkiewicz, C. Corradini, A. -c. Da Silva, P. Claeys
Summary: In this study, nitrogen-isotope trends and geochemical evidence were used to investigate the relative importance of global-scale processes versus local influences on environmental change during the Frasnian-Famennian mass extinction. The results showed regional differences in the timing and nature of marine perturbations, suggesting that the variable influx of terrigenous nutrients played a role in driving environmental degradation at that time.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Leszek Marynowski, Justyna Smolarek-Lach, Prakash K. Singh, Bernd R. T. Simoneit
Summary: Saccharides in fungi can serve as indicators of fungal activity and climate changes. The composition of saccharides differs between different types of fungi and can be used to distinguish between soft rot, brown rot, and white rot fungi. The presence of certain saccharides in lignite samples can provide insights into the climate conditions during their formation.
ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Geology
Justyna Smolarek-Lach, Magdalena Goryl, Leszek Marynowski
Summary: The study demonstrates the effectiveness of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis with different derivatization techniques in identifying sugars in soils, aerosols, fungi, and individual sugar standards. It also reveals the diverse nature and specific origins of sugars in biological samples and sedimentary rocks, shedding new light on the stability of saccharides during early diagenetic transformation.
GEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY
(2021)