Article
Plant Sciences
Abel Lucido, Oriol Basallo, Albert Sorribas, Alberto Marin-Sanguino, Ester Vilaprinyo, Rui Alves
Summary: Strigolactones play important roles in plant development, symbiosis, and stress response. Understanding their biosynthetic pathways is crucial. This study proposes alternative pathways for the latter parts of strigolactone biosynthesis and finds that feedback regulation is unlikely to exist in this process.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Persis Rofail, Rola Afify, Hassan El-Gamal
Summary: This research experimentally created a transparent facemask prototype to maintain warmth in the sinus area to prevent sinusitis disease. Through numerical simulations and experimental validation, it was confirmed that the mask design is effective in improving temperature and comfort.
AIN SHAMS ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Iman Salahshoori, Morteza Asghari, Majid Namayandeh Jorabchi, Sebastian Wohlrab, Mehrdad Rabiei, Mojtaba Raji, Morteza Afsari
Summary: The focus of current environmental science is on addressing the challenge of separating acid gases, and scientists are developing high-performance membranes to transport gases effectively. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), which contain inorganic nanoparticles dispersed within the polymer matrix, are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional membranes. This study investigated the morphological properties and gas transport properties of polyurethane (PU) membranes treated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) functionalized with methylene diisocyanate (MDI). The results showed that MDI modification improved TiO2 dispersion in the PU matrix, leading to a more uniform and compact membrane structure, and the incorporation of TiO2 enhanced CO2/N2 selectivity in the PU matrix.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dhinakaran Veeman, Duraisami Dhamodharan, Mohankumar Subramaniyan, G. J. Surendhar, Chunhui Yang, Hun-Soo Byun
Summary: This study developed a composite material comprising of Bael bark and polylactide (PLA), which is a better alternative to PLA in terms of strength and sustainability.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Siyuan Hu, Mingzhen Huang, Jingru Li, Jinxin He, Kaiji Xu, Xiaoping Rao, Dongren Cai, Guowu Zhan
Summary: Atomic layer deposition (ALD)-Al2O3 films were used to modulate the electronic states of supported Pt in this study. The Co3O4/Pt/Al2O3 catalyst, based on sacrificial ZIF-67 template, exhibited better catalytic CO oxidation performance compared to the binary Co3O4/Pt catalyst. Charge transport between Pt and ALD-Al2O3 films induced electron-rich Pt, improved O2 affinity, and reduced activation energy. The oxidation resistance of Pt nanoparticles was observed during high-temperature annealing of the Co3O4/Pt/Al2O3 catalyst. Mechanism studies revealed a typical LH mechanism in CO oxidation, and CO2 production at low temperatures was mainly mediated by the lattice oxygen-mediated M-vK mechanism. Our findings offer an alternative approach to regulate the electronic states of noble metals using ALD technique.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hui Liu, Boyan Jiang, Jun Wang, Xiaopei Yang, Qianhao Xiao
Summary: This study investigated the reverse-flow issue around the inlet nozzle of a squirrel-cage fan and proposed a non-axisymmetric D-type inlet nozzle to inhibit it. The D-type inlet nozzle design was found to effectively constrain reverse blowing at the fan entrance, increasing fan pressure rise under low-flow conditions while maintaining performance at other working points.
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ezgi Son, Eda Coskun, Samet Ozturk, Kubra Bulduk, Merve Akpinar, Behic Mert, Ferruh Erdogdu
Summary: There is a growing demand for healthy snacks, and hummus is a preferred choice due to its high protein content. However, the increased consumption of hummus has raised food safety concerns. Traditional thermal processes are not suitable for processing hummus, and microwave processing could be a viable solution.
INNOVATIVE FOOD SCIENCE & EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Roham Rafiee, Amin Ghorbanhosseini
Summary: The use of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester (GFRP) pipes in the industry has increased significantly in the past decades. These pipes are designed to withstand internal pressure and transverse compressive force, but evaluating their long-term performance is also important in design.
FIBERS AND POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Volodymyr B. Koman, Naveed A. Bakh, Xiaojia Jin, Freddy T. Nguyen, Manki Son, Daichi Kozawa, Michael A. Lee, Gili Bisker, Juyao Dong, Michael S. Strano
Summary: This research introduces a new technique (WIFF) to overcome the limitations of fluorescent nanosensors in vivo. By modulating the excitation wavelength, WIFF improves the signal-to-noise ratio and enables tracking and monitoring of various substances' responses in deep tissues, including drug metabolites. This capability is significant for life sciences research, therapeutics, and medical diagnostics.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Bin Wang, Wei Liu, Jiao Jiao Li, Senlin Chai, Dan Xing, Hongsheng Yu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Wenjin Yan, Zhihong Xu, Bin Zhao, Yanan Du, Qing Jiang
Summary: In the treatment of osteoarthritis, delivering low doses of MSCs through microcarriers can achieve similar reparative effects as repeated high doses. Mechanistic investigations reveal that 3D growth of MSCs reduces inflammatory factors, enhances early chondrogenesis and extracellular matrix interactions, and maintains the phenotype of co-cultured chondrocytes.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lilun Geng, Wenyue Zhao, Yi Ru, Yanling Pei, Shusuo Li, Shengkai Gong
Summary: The further application of protective coatings on superalloys is limited by the microstructure evolution of the coating/superalloy interfacial area. A trade-off between oxidation resistance and microstructural stability at 1100 degrees C is made for a high-Mo single-crystal superalloy coated by NiAlHfZr or NiCrAlYSi. The complex mechanisms of Al and Cr affecting the protective oxide scale formation, interdiffusion behaviors, and deleterious Mo-rich phase precipitation have been uncovered. An efficient route utilizing thermodynamic calculation and kinetics simulation has also been established to evaluate the coating-associated microstructural stability of superalloys and tailor coating compositions further.
Article
Mechanics
Yasin Shabani, Pejman Mehdianfar, Mohammad Javad Khoshgoftar
Summary: This study presents a novel approach to designing sandwich nanobeams using bi-dimensional functionally graded porous material and hybrid cellular structures. The study investigates the vibrational behavior of these beams and explores how adjusting different parameters can achieve specific natural frequencies and design beams with the same frequencies but different shapes.
ARCHIVE OF APPLIED MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mohamed A. A. Nawar, H. S. Abdel Hameed, A. Ramadan, Youssef A. Attai, M. H. Mohamed
Summary: An assessment was conducted on two Archimedes Spiral Wind Turbine rotor designs, fixed and variable-angles, and it was found that the variable-angle design outperforms the fixed-angle design. The results also showed that power and torque coefficients increase with wind velocity for both designs, but the variable-angle design produces 14.7% more power than the fixed-angle design.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Liam Adair, Elizabeth J. New
Summary: Small-molecule fluorophores are versatile tools for studying cellular architecture and biological processes. However, their application in vivo faces challenges such as biocompatibility, chemostability, photostability, and light penetration. Recent advances in designing fluorophores with improved properties and functionalization with targeting and sensing groups have allowed the development of in vivo fluorogenic, ratiometric, and reversible sensors.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Benjamin Rousselle, Aurelie Massot, Malorie Privat, Lucile Dondaine, Audrey Trommenschlager, Florence Bouyer, Jerome Bayardon, Francois Ghiringhelli, Ali Bettaieb, Christine Goze, Catherine Paul, Raluca Malacea-Kabbara, Ewen Bodio
Summary: A phosphine gold(I) and phosphine-phosphonium gold(I) complexes with a fluorescent coumarin moiety were synthesized. The complexes exhibited interesting photophysical properties and demonstrated moderate to strong antiproliferative activity.
Article
Plant Sciences
Valentina Fiorilli, Marco Forgia, Alexandre de Saint Germain, Giulia D'Arrigo, David Cornu, Philippe Le Bris, Salim Al-Babili, Francesca Cardinale, Cristina Prandi, Francesca Spyrakis, Francois-Didier Boyer, Massimo Turina, Luisa Lanfranco
Summary: In this study, a fungal receptor for strigolactones (SLs), named CpD14, was identified in Cryphonectria parasitica. Through computational, biochemical, and genetic analysis, the researchers demonstrated that CpD14 interacts with and hydrolyzes SLs. The study also showed that gene inactivation of CpD14 reduces fungal sensitivity to SLs, further supporting the role of SLs as multifunctional molecules in plant-microbe interactions.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Polyssena Renzi, Emanuele Azzi, Enrico Bessone, Giovanni Ghigo, Stefano Parisotto, Francesco Pellegrino, Annamaria Deagostino
Summary: An unprecedented visible light enhanced Heck reaction between aryl halides and allenyl tosyl amines has been reported in this study, using a simple catalytic system to produce arylated vinyl pyrrolidines and piperidines with high tolerance towards functional groups. The efficiency of this process is significantly influenced by electronic effects. Both experimental and computational mechanistic studies suggest a pivotal role of light in promoting the carbo-palladation step without evidence for a radical mechanism.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Simone Ghinato, Federica De Nardi, Paola Bolzoni, Achille Antenucci, Marco Blangetti, Cristina Prandi
Summary: This paper reports a straightforward and efficient method utilizing lithium amide as a metalating agent to promote the metalation/anionic Fries rearrangements of O-aryl carbamates, under aerobic/ambient-friendly reaction conditions. This method enables the sustainable preparation of salicylamide derivatives with high levels of chemoselectivity within ultrafast reaction times, working at room temperature in the presence of air/moisture and using environmentally responsible cyclopentyl methyl ether as a solvent. Furthermore, the regioselective manipulation of O-2-tolyl carbamates has been achieved using interchangeably alkyllithiums or lithium amides, with an unexpected beneficial contribution from the utilization of biorenewable protic eutectic mixtures as non-innocent reaction media.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Dina Scarpi, Francesco Bagni, Cristina Faggi, Asier Carral-Menoyo, Enrique Gomez-Bengoa, Ernesto G. Occhiato
Summary: Six- and seven-membered ring-fused, functionalized cyclopentadienes can be obtained in moderate to excellent yields through a cascade process involving various reactions. Depending on the treatment of the crude reaction mixtures, different types of cyclopentadienes can be obtained.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Emanuele Azzi, Giovanni Ghigo, Lorenzo Sarasino, Stefano Parisotto, Riccardo Moro, Polyssena Renzi, Annamaria Deagostino
Summary: In this study, a photoinduced chloroamination cyclization of allenes was presented, resulting in the formation of 2-(1-chlorovinyl)pyrrolidines and related heterocycles. N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) was used as the chlorine source. Detailed experimental and computational mechanistic studies revealed the formation of a common nitrogen centered radical (NCR) through multiple reaction pathways. The NCR then undergoes intramolecular cyclization and chlorination to yield the final product.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Davide Arnodo, Eugenio De Nardo, Simone Ghinato, Salvatore Baldino, Marco Blangetti, Cristina Prandi
Summary: A straightforward and sustainable protocol for the tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols was reported using bioinspired acidic natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) as reaction media. The method allowed the preparation of tetrahydropyranyl ethers from primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols with high chemoselectivity and short reaction times, without the need for additional catalysts and under air. The scalability and recyclability of the NADESs were also demonstrated, making it possible to perform multigram preparations of THP ethers with no loss of catalytic activity up to ten recycling steps. Telescoped, one-pot tetrahydropyranylation/nucleophilic acyl substitution transformations using the same eutectic mixture were also shown.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Arnodo, Elia Maffeis, Francesco Marra, Stefano Nejrotti, Cristina Prandi
Summary: Over the past decade, deep eutectic solvents have gained recognition in the scientific community for their wide range of applications and advantages in promoting organic reactions. In recent years, various examples of biocatalyzed processes have been reported, utilizing eutectic mixtures as reaction media to improve selectivity and sustainability. This review aims to serve as a 'toolbox' guide for organic synthesis, showcasing newly reported protocols in the field, categorized by reaction class.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Davide Arnodo, Carolina Meazzo, Salvatore Baldino, Marco Blangetti, Cristina Prandi
Summary: This study reports the synthesis of acetals in acidic natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) where the solvent itself acts as a catalyst for the reaction. The reaction is performed under feasible conditions without the need for external additives, catalysts or water-removing techniques, and it has a wide scope of application. The products can be easily recovered, and the reaction medium can be fully recycled and reused without a decrease in catalytic activity after 10 cycles. Notably, the entire process has been successfully scaled up to gram scale.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Dina Scarpi, Nunzia Favale, Ernesto G. Occhiato
Summary: A highly efficient method for the one-pot synthesis of ring-fused 5-hydrazino-2-cyclopentenone derivatives is achieved through the catalysis of gold(I). Suitable enynyl acetates are mixed with a dialkylazodicarboxylate in the presence of a gold(I) catalyst to undergo cycloisomerization, hetero-Diels-Alder, and ring-opening reactions, resulting in the target compounds.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Simone Ghinato, Carolina Meazzo, Federica De Nardi, Andrea Maranzana, Marco Blangetti, Cristina Prandi
Summary: A mild and efficient telescoped procedure for the stereoselective alkenylation of simple, non-activated amides using LiCH2SiMe3 and carbonyl compounds as surrogates of alkenyllithium reagents is reported. Our methodology relies on the formation of stable tetrahedral intermediates, which, upon collapse into highly reactive lithium enolates in a solvent-dependent fashion, allows for the assembly of alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones in a single synthetic operation with high stereoselectivity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Polyssena Renzi, Emanuele Azzi, Sylvain Ascensio, Stefano Parisotto, Fabrizio Sordello, Francesco Pellegrino, Giovanni Ghigo, Annamaria Deagostino
Summary: This paper explores the potential of diarylmethylium tetrafluoroborates as catalysts for the visible light promoted hydrosulfonylation of unactivated alkenes. These bench stable and easily preparable salts were used as organocatalysts for the first time, with a catalyst loading of just 1 mol% resulting in efficient sulfone product formation. Experimental and computational studies revealed a new mechanism for the formation of the key sulfonyl radical, with the photoactive species being proven to be stable S-C adducts and ion couples, rather than the diarylcarbenium salt itself. The mechanism involves charge-transfer excited states and proton-coupled electron transfer reactions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Giovanni Ghigo, Matteo Bonomo, Achille Antenucci, Alessandro Damin, Stefano Dughera
Summary: A deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on glycerol and KF has been developed for the Ullmann homocoupling of arenediazonium salts. The reaction can be carried out under mild conditions and the desired products are obtained in good yields. Computational studies and Raman spectroscopy were used to investigate the reaction mechanism.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Faiza Diaba, Gisela Trenchs
Summary: The first violet light-mediated synthesis of gamma- and delta-lactams from N-alkenyl trichloroacetamides is reported in this paper. The reactions are conducted in tetrahydrofuran or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran as the sole solvent without catalysts or additives, under non-anhydrous conditions in an air atmosphere where the solvent serves as the radical initiator.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Feroze Hussain, Sajjad Ahmed, Ashiq Hussain Padder, Qazi Naveed Ahmed
Summary: This study reports a novel and efficient one-pot synthesis method for mixed phosphorotrithioates, which does not require supplementary additives and shows broad applicability.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Hyunjin Oh, Ikyon Kim
Summary: A new 1,2,4-triazole-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine hybrid system, 6-acylpyrrolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-c]pyrazine, was synthesized using a catalyst-free method. This method involved sequential exposure of pyrrole-2-carbonitrile-derived substrates to DMF-DMA and acyl hydrazide, resulting in the formation of acylated pyrazine and 1,2,4-triazole rings, enabling the installation of various substituents at specific positions on the core skeleton.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Ming Yan, Si-fan Wang, Yong-po Zhang, Jin-zhong Zhao, Zhuo Tang, Guang-xun Li
Summary: Here we developed an efficient photocatalytic approach for the convenient preparation of sulfinamides. The reaction allows for the gram-scale preparation of sulfinamides and the one-pot synthesis of various sulfonyl amides.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Farzaneh Bandehali-Naeini, Zahra Tanbakouchian, Noushin Farajinia-Lehi, Nicolas Mayer, Morteza Shiri, Martin Breugst
Summary: Two tandem catalytic systems were developed for the synthesis of novel 3,4-disubstituted maleimides using the same Ugi adducts. Different maleimide structures can be synthesized using either Pd or Cu catalysis.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Tanya Raghava, Anjan Chattopadhyay, Subhadeep Banerjee, Nivedita Sarkar
Summary: Amine substitution of two ortho fluorine atoms of tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile through SNAr chemistry is easily achievable. But further fluorine substitution is only possible under forcing conditions, yielding valuable fluorophores for bioimaging.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Organic
Anju Chadha, Santosh Kumar Padhi, Selvaraj Stella, Sowmyalakshmi Venkataraman, Thangavelu Saravanan
Summary: Alcohol dehydrogenases are enzymes that use cofactors for oxidation or reduction reactions of alcohols or carbonyl compounds. They are utilized in green chemistry and have applications in the production of pharmaceuticals. Recombinant enzymes have solved the challenge of producing purified enzymes in large quantities. Engineered alcohol dehydrogenases have been used in asymmetric synthesis in industry. Various methods have been established for regenerating expensive cofactors to make the enzymatic process more efficient and economically viable.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2024)
