Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Muzyka-Wozniak, Adam Oleszko, Andrzej Grzybowski
Summary: This study compared two different technologies for measuring corneal astigmatism and found that the differences between anterior and total corneal astigmatism measured with SS-OCT were clinically not significant for astigmatism values below 1.5 D. However, the mean keratometry values obtained with Scheimpflug and SS-OCT biometers are not interchangeable.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michal Dembski, Anna Nowinska, Klaudia Ulfik-Dembska, Edward Wylegala
Summary: This study used SS-OCT to determine the mean reference values of anterior segment parameters in healthy Caucasian individuals, finding significant differences between sexes. Parameters of the cornea were found to differ significantly between males and females, with the iridocorneal angle being smallest in the upper quadrant.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michal Dembski, Anna Nowinska, Klaudia Ulfik-Dembska, Edward Wylegala
Summary: This study used SS-OCT to investigate the characteristics of the iridocorneal angle and cornea in patients with PEX syndrome. The results showed that PEX syndrome significantly affected the anterior eye segment, including higher keratometric values, shallower anterior chamber depth, thicker iris, and narrower angle parameters. These characteristic features of PEX syndrome can be detected using SS-OCT, which can assist clinicians in managing the disease properly.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Joyce J. Mathan, Akilesh Gokul, Samantha K. Simkin, Jay J. Meyer, Charles N. J. Mcghee
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and severity of keratoconus in Down syndrome (DS) patients. The results showed that keratoconus is common in DS patients and eye rubbing is a significant risk factor. Screening with corneal tomography is recommended for early detection.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Joyce John Mathan, Samantha Kaye Simkin, Akilesh Gokul, Charles Ninian John McGhee
Summary: Down syndrome, a trisomy of chromosome 21, is associated with systemic manifestations as well as various ocular presentations. The diverse ophthalmic conditions in individuals with DS make eye care challenging.
SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Theresa Akoto, Jiemin J. Li, Amy J. Estes, Dimitrios Karamichos, Yutao Liu
Summary: This review examines the relationship between keratoconus and Down Syndrome, aiming to provide a better understanding of keratoconus in Down Syndrome patients and promote research to improve their vision and identify effective treatment strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hassan Hashemi, Soheila Asgari
Summary: This study aimed to determine the reference range of corneal indices in Down syndrome patients and found that the reference ranges of corneal indices are different from non-Down syndrome subjects and are close to values reported for mild keratoconus cases. The study also highlighted the importance of considering sex-specific ranges for diagnosing corneal abnormalities in Down syndrome patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
David Maskill, Arthur Okonkwo, Charlotte Onsiong, Stella Hristova, Amy Dodd, Seema Anand
Summary: This study compared 10 years of repeat corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) with primary CXL and found that younger age is associated with failure of primary CXL. Repeat CXL is a safe and effective treatment for progressive keratoconus, even after primary CXL.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Christina Ambrosino, Xi Dai, Bani Antonio Aguirre, Megan E. Collins
Summary: Pediatric vision screening aims to identify children at risk for visual conditions and connect them with eye care providers for evaluation and treatment. The primary focus is detecting those at risk for amblyopia in younger children, which can cause permanent vision loss if not treated. Screening goals expand to include detecting risk for uncorrected refractive error in older children. Guidelines and requirements for vision screening vary widely in the United States. This article discusses the goals and components of pediatric vision screenings, current challenges, innovative approaches through school-based programs, and future directions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David S. Cha, Majid Moshirfar, Michael S. Herron, Jordan M. Santos, Phillip C. Hoopes
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of preoperative characteristics in refractive surgery patients for the 1-year postoperative posterior-to-anterior curvature radii of the cornea (P/A ratio) using linear and multivariate regression analyses. The results showed significant correlations between postoperative P/A and manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) and preoperative P/A. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that MRSE was the most significant predictor of postoperative P/A. When considering other preoperative characteristics such as P/A, age, asphericity, and keratometry, the multivariate regressions produced models with high predictive value in LASIK, PRK, and SMILE.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jennifer M. Turner, Christine Purslow, Paul J. Murphy
Summary: This study considers inter-instrument variability in keratometry measurements and explores instrument protocols for determining ACS keratometric analogues (KAs). Results show significant differences in KAs calculated by Orbscan and Pentacam, indicating that instrument-specific KAs cannot be used interchangeably. These differences have no significant impact on ocular surgery but may affect rigid contact lens fitting.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Weining Miao, Shuang Zheng, Jiajia Zhou, Bo Zhang, Ruochen Fang, Dezhao Hao, Li Sun, Dianyu Wang, Zhongpeng Zhu, Xu Jin, Ye Tian, Lei Jiang
Summary: A unique microchannel and nanofiber array morphology have been found to enhance the rapid spreading of liquids. This phenomenon is controlled by nanocapillary forces among the nanofiber array and is accelerated by the microchannel, leading to a significantly faster spreading process.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Morten Brok Molbech Madsen, Anders Ivarsen, Jesper Hjortdal
Summary: This study compared the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, and endothelial cell density (ECD) after ultrathin Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) and Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). The results showed that DMEK had better BCVA at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively compared to UT-DSAEK. DMEK also had a higher ECD than UT-DSAEK at 12 months, but there was no difference in contrast sensitivity.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Majid Moshirfar, Melody Ziari, Yasmyne C. Ronquillo
Summary: Preoperative workup for cataract surgery in patients with keratoconus is challenging, especially in those with moderate-to-severe disease. This review outlines the appropriate considerations and presents an algorithm to guide the preoperative workup. Recent studies have proposed a new system for keratoconus progression and staging, as well as compared intraocular lens formulas and biometry devices.
CURRENT OPINION IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Elizabeth M. Law, Rajesh K. Aggarwal, Hetal Buckhurst, Hosam E. Kasaby, Jonathan Marsden, Gary Shum, Phillip J. Buckhust
Summary: The study established a simple clinical method to predict effective addition power with a multifocal intraocular lens, using the Barrett Universal II formula. There were significant differences between prediction methods, with the Barrett formula showing the least bias.
JOURNAL OF REFRACTIVE SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ian Flitcroft, Sara Mccullough, Kathryn Saunders
Summary: In young children, small degrees of anisometropia (>= 0.5 D) are associated with impaired emmetropisation. This suggests that anisometropia is a marker for poorly regulated eye growth, indicating that, in addition to environmental and genetic influences on eye growth, stochastic processes contribute to refractive outcomes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Ophthalmology
Emma L. McConnell, Kathryn J. Saunders, Julie-Anne Little
Summary: There is a lack of common practice in the approaches used by clinicians to investigate and diagnose CVI in children. At present, a 'diagnosis of exclusion' remains the most common means to diagnose CVI.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2021)
Review
Ophthalmology
Janos Nemeth, Beata Tapaszto, Wagih A. Aclimandos, Philippe Kestelyn, Jost B. Jonas, Jan-Tjeerd H. N. De Faber, Ingrida Januleviciene, Andrzej Grzybowski, Zoltan Zsolt Nagy, Olavi Parssinen, Jeremy A. Guggenheim, Peter M. Allen, Rigmor C. Baraas, Kathryn J. Saunders, Daniel Ian Flitcroft, Lyle S. Gray, Jan Roelof Polling, Annechien E. G. Haarman, J. Willem L. Tideman, James Stuart Wolffsohn, Siegfried Wahl, Jeroen A. Mulder, Irina Yurievna Smirnova, Marino Formenti, Hema Radhakrishnan, Serge Resnikoff
Summary: The prevalence of myopia is increasing globally, with an estimated 2.6 billion people predicted to be affected in 2020 and potentially 4.9 billion by 2050. Urgent action is needed to prevent irreversible vision impairment caused by high myopia.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Rebecca E. Leighton, Karen M. M. Breslin, Kathryn J. Saunders, Sara J. McCullough
Summary: This study evaluated the repeatability and reproducibility of the Zeiss IOLMaster 700 in a healthy, paediatric population, showing high levels of agreement in measuring axial length, mean corneal radius of curvature, anterior chamber depth, and lens thickness. The IOLMaster 700 demonstrated good agreement with the IOLMaster v3 in measuring axial length and mean corneal radius of curvature.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Frederick A. Asare, Roger S. Anderson, Padraig J. Mulholland, Julie-Anne Little
Summary: This study investigated the sensitivity of photopic and mesopic conditions to detect contrast sensitivity (CS) loss in drivers with simulated media opacities. The results showed that mesopic conditions were more vulnerable to different levels of simulated media opacity. This suggests that mesopic conditions should be considered when assessing visual function in older drivers at risk of media opacity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Rachel Fiona Pilling, Louise Allen, Richard Bowman, John Ravenscroft, Kathryn J. Saunders, Cathy Williams
Summary: Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI) is a common condition in the UK. It can occur in children with neurodevelopmental conditions or multiple disabilities, as well as in children with typical development. Identification of CVI requires evaluating visual performance beyond high contrast acuity and considering its fluctuating nature. There is a lack of formal training in CVI among paediatric ophthalmologists, and the detection and diagnosis of CVI vary across the UK. The purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of research and clinical practice methods for detecting and diagnosing CVI in a paediatric ophthalmology outpatient setting.
Article
Ophthalmology
Victoria Stapley, Roger S. Anderson, Kathryn Saunders, Padraig J. Mulholland
Summary: This study compares three different methods used to estimate the count of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and identifies poor agreement between them, highlighting the need to use the same method for longitudinal studies. The results show that the PGRA method yields lower RGC counts, possibly due to targeting a specific subset of RGCs, while the other methods provide more comprehensive results. The study emphasizes the importance of using consistent methods for direct comparison of RGC counts in different studies.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Nicolas Leveziel, Simon Marillet, Tasanee Braithwaite, Tunde Peto, Pierre Ingrand, Shahina Pardhan, Alain M. Bron, Jost B. Jonas, Serge Resnikoff, Little Julie Anne, Adrian C. Davis, Catherine M. McMahon, Rupert R. A. Bourne
Summary: This study investigated self-reported dual sensory impairment (DSI) in European population and found higher prevalence of DSI in Eastern and southern countries. Social isolation and poor self-rated health status were associated with DSI, while higher income was associated with lower risk. Human Development Index explained almost 38% of the variance of age-adjusted prevalence of DSI.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Victoria Stapley, Roger S. S. Anderson, Tony Redmond, Kathryn Saunders, Padraig J. Mulholland
Summary: This study aimed to investigate if temporal summation is altered in axial myopia and determine its relationship with retinal ganglion cell (RGC) density. Measurements of achromatic contrast thresholds were taken for different stimulus durations in participants with axial myopia and non-myopic controls. The study found that temporal summation was unchanged in myopia, in contrast to glaucoma where both temporal and spatial summation were altered.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Rebecca E. Leighton, Karen M. Breslin, Patrick Richardson, Lesley Doyle, Sara J. McCullough, Kathryn J. Saunders
Summary: This longitudinal study evaluated the impact of peripheral visual experience on childhood myopia. It found that myopic eyes had higher peripheral refraction, which was associated with greater axial elongation.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Imran Jawaid, Kathryn Saunders, Christopher J. Hammond, Annegret Dahlmann-Noor, Mark A. Bullimore
Summary: The prevalence of myopia is increasing worldwide. Studies have investigated the use of atropine to control myopia progression, weighing the benefits against the side-effects. Atropine 0.05% appears to be more effective than atropine 0.01% in managing myopia progression.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Julie F. F. McClelland, Una O'Connor, Christine Shannon, Kathryn J. J. Saunders, Julie-Anne Little
Summary: This study investigated the role of classroom assistants (CAs) in supporting pupils with visual impairment (VI) in mainstream schools in Northern Ireland, UK. The findings revealed that most CAs lack formal training but provide support in various ways to ensure the inclusion of students with VI. However, they face challenges, including limited professional development opportunities, which hinders their ability to effectively support the students. A more strategic consideration of the CA role could contribute to equal access to education for children with VI.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Gareth Lingham, James Loughman, Eoin Kerin, Samantha Sze-Yee Lee, David A. Mackey, Siofra Harrington, Kathryn Jill Saunders, Daniel Ian Flitcroft
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
James Loughman, Kathryn Jill Saunders, Siofra Harrington, Daniel Ian Flitcroft
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)