Journal
THIN SOLID FILMS
Volume 582, Issue -, Pages 188-192Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.11.044
Keywords
Copper zinc tin sulfoselenide; Thin films; Tubular furnace; Rapid thermal processing
Categories
Funding
- Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT) [SFRH/BD/78409/2011]
- project Harvesting the energy of the sun for a sustainable future [07/ST24/FEDER/002032 (CENTRO)]
- FCT [PTDC/CTM-MET/113486/2009, PEST-C/CTM/LA0025/2011, RECI/FIS-NAN/0183/2012]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/CTM-MET/113486/2009, SFRH/BD/78409/2011] Funding Source: FCT
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The opto-electronic properties of copper zinc tin sulfide can be tuned to achieve better cell efficiencies by controlled incorporation of selenium. In this paper we report the growth of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) (CZTSSe) using a hybrid process involving the sequential evaporation of Zn and sputtering of the sulfide precursors of Cu and Sn, followed by a selenization step. Two approaches for selenization were followed, one using a tubular furnace and the other using a rapid thermal processor. The effects of annealing conditions on the morphological and structural properties of the films were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were employed to investigate the morphology and composition of the films. Structural analyses were done using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Structural analyses revealed the formation of CZTSSe. This study shows that regardless of the selenization method a temperature above 450 degrees C is required for conversion of precursors to a compact CZTSSe layer. XRD and Raman analysis suggests that the films selenized in the tubular furnace are selenium rich whereas the samples selenized in the rapid thermal processor have higher sulfur content. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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