4.6 Article

Surface plasmon polariton enhanced ultrathin nano-structured CdTe solar cell

Journal

OPTICS EXPRESS
Volume 22, Issue 17, Pages A1372-A1379

Publisher

Optica Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1364/OE.22.0A1372

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Funding

  1. Sandia National Laboratory Directed Research Development
  2. Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
  3. U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]

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We demonstrate numerically that two-dimensional arrays of ultrathin CdTe nano-cylinders on Ag can serve as an effective broadband anti-reflection structure for solar cell applications. Such devices exhibit strong absorption properties, mainly in the CdTe semiconductor regions, and can produce short-circuit current densities of 23.4 mA/cm(2), a remarkable number in the context of solar cells given the ultrathin dimensions of our nano-cylinders. The strong absorption is enabled via excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) under plane wave incidence. In particular, we identified the key absorption mechanism as enhanced fields of the SPP standing waves residing at the interface of CdTe nano-cylinders and Ag. We compare the performance of Ag, Au, and Al substrates, and observe significant improvement when using Ag, highlighting the importance of using low-loss metals. Although we use CdTe here, the proposed approach is applicable to other solar cell materials with similar absorption properties. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America

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