Phase modulation using dual split ring resonators

In this paper, we studied phase modulation numerically using metamaterials such as stacked structures of dual split ring resonators (DSRRs). To demonstrate the modulation, a vertical and a planar design were considered, where the wave vectors were parallel and perpendicular to the proposed structures creating 70 degrees and 80 degrees of phase change, respectively. In both of the designs modulation was brought about by changing the effective index of the structure through switching between the open and short states of the DSRRs while maintaining high transmission. One of the attractive features of our design was the thin layers of DSRRs, where for the vertical and planar models the DSRRs layers were 5 mm and 2.28 mm respectively. The numerical results obtained by simulation matched well with the theoretical prediction. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America