Article
Pediatrics
Siyuan Jiang, Lan Zhang, Weili Yan, Shujuan Li, Junyan Han, Qi Zhou, Yi Yang, Shoo K. Lee, Yun Cao
Summary: High antibiotic use rate, prolonged antibiotic durations, and excessive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics were the main issues of antibiotic use in Chinese neonatal intensive care units, highlighting the need for targeted antimicrobial stewardship interventions in the future.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Siyuan Wu, Sijia Di, Tianjing Liu, Yongyan Shi
Summary: This article provides a detailed review on the early prediction and diagnosis methods of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a life-threatening disease of the digestive system in neonates, including ultrasound, near-infrared spectroscopy, biomarkers, and intestinal microbiota. The aim of this review is to provide a reference for further research and clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahlam Fatmi, Wiam Saadi, Jesus Beltran-Garcia, Jose Luis Garcia-Gimenez, Federico Pallardo
Summary: Sepsis in newborns, especially preterm-born neonates, carries a significant risk of morbidity and mortality. Endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) shedding is an essential pathophysiological process in sepsis, contributing to microvascular dysfunction and organ failure. These processes have been extensively studied in adults, but are poorly understood in neonatal sepsis. Further research is needed to understand the composition, development, and mechanisms of eGC disruption in neonates, and to explore eGC dysfunction as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Silvia Martini, Silvia Galletti, Wilf Kelsall, Emanuela Angeli, Marta Agulli, Gaetano Domenico Gargiulo, Si Emma Chen, Luigi Corvaglia, Yogen Singh
Summary: Among extremely preterm infants, on-site bedside PDA ligation allows for earlier surgical closure compared to off-site pediatric cardiac surgery, with no apparent increase in mortality or complications. Earlier PDA ligation may contribute to reduced rates of late-onset sepsis and post-discharge home oxygen therapy, with possible cost-benefit implications.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Chumei Huang, Jiahui Chen, Xiaoxia Zhan, Laisheng Li, Shu An, Guijun Cai, Nan Yu
Summary: This study identified the optimal combination of biomarkers for diagnosing neonatal sepsis, distinguishing culture-positive cases, and predicting the time of confirmation. The findings have significant implications for personalized therapy.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chuan Zhou, Li Li, Xiaoxia Feng, Dandan Wang, Yuanyuan Liu, Jingjing Li, Hong Song, Baisui Feng
Summary: The study found that GAL-3 in serum has a higher sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing early and severe neonatal necrotising enterocolitis. The results also suggest that GAL-3 level serves as an independent prognostic measure, indicating poor prognosis in NEC.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jae Ha Lee, Seong-Ho Kim, Ji Hoon Jang, Jin Han Park, Kyung Min Jo, Tae-Hoon No, Hang-Jea Jang, Hyun-Kyung Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the role of biomarkers in the diagnosis of sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department. The results showed that procalcitonin was a useful biomarker for predicting sepsis and septic shock. Higher levels of lactic acid, predisposing chronic pulmonary diseases, and high SAPS III scores were associated with a greater mortality risk in patients with sepsis.
Article
Microbiology
Georgia Anna Sofouli, Asimina Tsintoni, Sotirios Fouzas, Aggeliki Vervenioti, Despoina Gkentzi, Gabriel Dimitriou
Summary: This study assessed the value of clinical and laboratory parameters in predicting septicemia in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The identified parameters were combined into a sepsis prediction score (SPS) that can assist in predicting septicemia in the NICU.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Andrea Bonini, Angela Gilda Carota, Noemi Poma, Federico Maria Vivaldi, Denise Biagini, Daria Bottai, Alessio Lenzi, Arianna Tavanti, Fabio Di Francesco, Tommaso Lomonaco
Summary: Sepsis, a systemic inflammatory dysfunction associated with infectious diseases, is a significant health issue with increasing incidence globally. Traditional diagnostic techniques for sepsis management present challenges, making biosensing technologies a valuable alternative.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kamala Vanarsa, Jessica Castillo, Long Wang, Kyung Hyun Lee, Claudia Pedroza, Yair Lotan, Chandra Mohan
Summary: This study identified potential biomarkers for bladder cancer diagnosis and disease progression using aptamer screening and systems biology analysis. Urine d-dimer showed high sensitivity (97%) for bladder cancer diagnosis, while urine IL-8 and IgA were associated with disease progression. These biomarkers could be used for initial triage and patient follow-up, reducing the need for invasive cystoscopy-based diagnostic methods.
Review
Pediatrics
Istemi Han Celik, Morcos Hanna, Fuat Emre Canpolat, Mohan Pammi
Summary: Sepsis remains a significant cause of neonatal mortality, and early and accurate diagnosis of infection will improve clinical outcomes. Current diagnostic methods may overcome limitations seen with culture-based techniques by utilizing nonculture-based techniques and biomarkers. Promising strategies for the future include omics technology, personalized medicine, and point of care tests.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Anna Maria Ciaccio, Luisa Agnello, Bruna Lo Sasso, Rosaria Vincenza Giglio, Alessandro Iacona, Caterina Maria Gambino, Concetta Scazzone, Antonino Tuttolomondo, Marcello Ciaccio
Summary: Monocyte Distribution Width (MDW) is a new cell blood count parameter that measures the anisocytosis of monocytes. It has emerged as a reliable biomarker for sepsis in emergency departments and intensive care units. MDW has advantages such as low-cost and quick measurement compared to other sepsis biomarkers.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Emily K. Cripps, Peter A. Dargaville, Antonio G. De Paoli
Summary: The administration of probiotics to preterm infants is associated with a reduced incidence of necrotising enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis, and mortality.
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Anupam Jyoti, Sanni Kumar, Vijay Kumar Srivastava, Sanket Kaushik, Shiv Govind Singh
Summary: Sepsis in neonates, caused by infection and inflammation, is a leading cause of death worldwide. Early diagnosis and comprehensive evaluation are crucial for effective clinical management. The advancement in biosensing technology offers potential for improved diagnostic methods in septic neonates.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Thilo von Groote, Melanie Meersch-Dini
Summary: Sepsis and septic shock are major public health concerns, but current treatment strategies often lack precision. Biomarkers provide opportunities to improve patient care and clinical research, by predicting and evaluating these conditions. They can potentially pave the way for precision medicine in sepsis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Abigail A. Rath, H. Simon Lam, C. Mary Schooling
Summary: The study suggests that genetically predicted selenium is associated with an increased risk of T2D and certain lipid and glycemic traits, but the impact on CAD remains unclear. Selenium may increase T2D risk and reduce lipids.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Renee W. Y. Chan, Kate C. Chan, Kathy Y. Y. Chan, Grace C. Y. Lui, Joseph G. S. Tsun, Rity Y. K. Wong, Michelle W. L. Yu, Maggie H. T. Wang, Paul K. S. Chan, Hugh Simon Lam, Albert M. Li
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Letter
Pediatrics
Kathleen Tsoi, Kate C. Chan, Lawrence Chan, Geoffrey Mok, Albert M. Li, Hugh S. Lam
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Zheng Wu, Kathy Yuen Yee Chan, Kam Tong Leung, Hugh Simon Lam, Yuk Him Tam, Kim Hung Lee, Karen Li, Pak Cheung Ng
Summary: The study identified NFIA as a target gene of miR-223 and demonstrated its role in regulating apoptosis, cell proliferation, G protein signaling, inflammation, and smooth muscle contraction in the pathophysiology of NEC. These findings suggest that the miR-223/NFIA axis may play a crucial role in enhancing inflammation and tissue damage in NEC.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Kin On Kwok, Kin-Kit Li, Wan In Wei, Margaret Ting Fong Tsoi, Arthur Tang, Hugh Simon Lam, Edward B. McNeil, Samuel Yeung Shan Wong
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Renee W. Y. Chan, Kate C. C. Chan, Grace C. Y. Lui, Joseph G. S. Tsun, Kathy Y. Y. Chan, Jasmine S. K. Yip, Shaojun Liu, Michelle W. L. Yu, Rita W. Y. Ng, Kelvin K. L. Chong, Maggie H. Wang, Paul K. S. Chan, Albert M. Li, Hugh Simon Lam
Summary: The study found that early and intense nasal S1-specific IgA levels are associated with a rapid decrease in viral load in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. These findings provide insights into the importance of mucosal immunity in SARS-CoV-2 exposure and protection, and suggest a potential role of NELF IgA in screening and diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article
Ethics
L. L. Hui, E. A. S. Nelson, H. B. Deng, T. Y. Leung, C. H. Ho, J. S. C. Chong, G. P. G. Fung, J. Hui, H. S. Lam
Summary: In Hong Kong, most parents support the use of residual dried blood spots (rDBS) for medical research, but also express concerns about potential risks and privacy issues. They prefer to be asked for permission before storage and do not accept an opt-out approach.
BMC MEDICAL ETHICS
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
So Ling Lau, Zara Lin Zau Lok, Shuk Yi Annie Hui, Genevieve Po Gee Fung, Hugh Simon Lam, Tak Yeung Leung
Summary: This study investigated the predictors of adverse long-term outcomes in infants with umbilical artery pH <7. It found that a cord arterial pH of <6.9 and an Apgar score at 5 min <7 were independent prognostic factors for neonatal/infant death or adverse long-term neurological outcomes.
ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Xue-Lian Wang, Eman Leung, Genevieve Po Gee Fung, Hugh Simon Lam
Summary: This study provides a detailed analysis of neonatal deaths in Hong Kong, showing that overall neonatal mortality remains stable but varies among different gestational weeks. The proportion of extremely preterm infants who died significantly increased, with hemorrhagic conditions being the leading cause of death. Congenital anomalies were the leading cause of death in neonates born after 27 weeks' gestation, but their cause-specific mortality has decreased, mainly attributed to trisomy 13/18 and multiple anomalies.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Lai Ling Hui, Frederick K. Ho, Charlotte Margaret Wright, Tim J. Cole, Hugh Simon Lam, Han-Bing Deng, Hung-Kwan So, Patrick Ip, E. Anthony S. Nelson
Summary: Using the WHO head circumference standards would lead to the overdiagnosis of macrocephaly and the underdiagnosis of microcephaly, except for Indians and some Asian neonates. Population-specific cut-offs or references are more appropriate for many populations. Healthcare professionals need to be educated about the limitations of the WHO head circumference standards.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Xuelian Wang, Lai Ling Hui, Tim J. Cole, E. Anthony S. Nelson, Hugh Simon Lam
Summary: This study compared the fitness of the INTERGROWTH-21st birth weight standards (INTERGROWTH21) with a local reference (FOK2003) for ethnic Chinese babies. The results showed that INTERGROWTH21 performed less well, especially in infants born <33 weeks' gestation, compared to FOK2003 in predicting complications related to small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. A more robust chart based on a larger sample of appropriately selected infants is needed.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Qiu-Ye Lan, Kate Ching-Ching Chan, Chun-Ting Au, Peggy Hiu-Ying Chan, Ngan Yin Chan, Yun Kwok Wing, Albert Martin Li, Hugh Simon Lam
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the secular trends of sleep-wake patterns of preschool children in Hong Kong. It found a significant downward trend in sleep duration and a positive correlation between parental and children's sleep duration.
Article
Linguistics
Nikolay Novitskiy, Akshay R. Maggu, Ching Man Lai, Peggy H. Y. Chan, Kay H. Y. Wong, Hugh Simon Lam, Tak Yeung Leung, Ting Fan Leung, Patrick C. M. Wong
Summary: This study investigated the development of early-latency and long-latency brain responses to native and non-native speech, revealing the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying perceptual narrowing and early language development. The results showed that neurons in the earlier stages of the auditory pathway mature rapidly during infancy, encoding both native and non-native sounds. Neurons in the later stages of the auditory pathway show sensitivity to the phonological status of speech based on the infant's native language environment at around six months.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Genevieve P. G. Fung, S. L. Lau, Annie S. Y. Hui, Sani T. K. Wong, W. T. Tse, P. C. Ng, D. S. Sahota, H. S. Lam, T. Y. Leung
Summary: This study investigated the trends and aetiologies of neonatal deaths (NNDs) in singleton pregnancies in Hong Kong between 2000 and 2019. The results showed a gradual decrease in NND rate, mainly due to improvements in prenatal diagnosis and treatment of congenital or genetic abnormalities, as well as improved survival rate among moderately preterm neonates.
HONG KONG MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sl Lau, Sani Tk Wong, Wt Tse, Genevieve Pg Fung, Hugh Simon Lam, Daljit Singh Sahota, Ty Leung
Summary: This study investigated the perinatal mortality rate and causes of multiple pregnancies in Hong Kong, and found that although the prevalence of multiple pregnancies increased during the study period, the corresponding total perinatal mortality rate improved. This improvement was associated with improvements in antenatal care, treatment, and a decrease in preterm birth rate.
HONG KONG MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
