Article
Optics
Reza Aghbolaghi, Habib Sahebghoran Charehjaloo, Mohammad Hossein Daemi
Summary: Nondiffracting modes were experimentally generated in an end-pumped thin-disk laser with a new kind of axicon-based stable laser resonator. The eigenvalue and eigenvector of the resonator were investigated based on the geometrical optics view. Ytterbium ions doped in the YAG crystal as an active medium were then utilized in this configuration. The experimental generation of Mathieu-Gauss and Ince-Gauss modes was performed and also discussed during the thin-disk deformation.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yuriy Egorov, Alexander Rubass
Summary: We investigated the value of spin-orbit coupling as the energy efficiency of energy transfer between orthogonal components. The energy efficiency changes as the beam propagates through the crystal. For different types of beams, such as Gaussian, Hermite-Gaussian, Laguerre-Gaussian, the energy efficiency varies, with higher orders of complex argument beams having a higher efficiency. We found that zero-order Bessel-Gauss beams can achieve close to 100% energy efficiency when generating an axial vortex in the orthogonal component, while polychromatic Laguerre-Gauss or Hermite-Gauss beams have a reduced energy efficiency not exceeding 50%.
Article
Optics
J. A. Ugalde-Ontiveros, A. Jaimes-Najera, Songjie Luo, J. E. Gomez-Correa, Jixiong Pu, S. Chavez-Cerda
Summary: This study aims to establish a rigorous mathematical-physics framework to provide a complete and accurate description of the structured nature of Hermite-Gauss beams, and identifies spurious effects introduced by the paraxial approximation in the solutions. By utilizing the self-healing property of structured beams, it is demonstrated that Hermite-Gaussian beams are constituted by the superposition of four traveling waves.
Review
Optics
Abdelghani Chafiq, Abdelmajid Belafhal
Summary: This study investigates the generation of Fourier transforms of nondiffracting beams modulated by Gaussian envelopes and their propagation through free space. The research demonstrates that by selecting appropriate parameters, the Fourier transform can be related to the image of the angular spectrum of nondiffracting beams, such as circular rings for Bessel beams or two light points for cosine beams. Additionally, results show that the Fourier transform beams diffract after the focal plane due to the presence of Gaussian envelopes.
JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Optics
Edgar Medina-Segura, Leonardo Miranda-Culin, Valeria Rodriguez-Fajardo, Benjamin Perez-Garcia, Carmelo Rosales-Guzman
Summary: In this work, a new family of vector beams called helico-conical vector beams (HCVBs) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The spatial degree of freedom of the beams is encoded in the helico-conical optical beams. The study finds that the transverse polarization distribution of the beams evolves from nonhomogeneous to quasihomogeneous during propagation. The Hellinger distance metric is used to quantitatively verify this behavior. HCVBs are the second family of vector beams to exhibit this behavior, which opens up possibilities for applications in optical tweezing or information encryption.
Article
Optics
Chengming Lyu, Milivoj R. Belic, Yongdong Li, Yiqi Zhang
Summary: In this paper, we investigate the generation and propagation of diffraction-free Bessel beams by combined axicons. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that these beams can propagate up to 9.63 km in free space. By utilizing the angular spectrum reconstruction theory, the propagation distance can be extended up to 15 km. The self-healing property and outstanding performance of Bessel beams in weak to moderate turbulence atmosphere are also demonstrated.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Lyubomir Stoyanov, Maya Zhekova, Aleksander Stefanov, Boris Ivanov, Ivan Stefanov, Gerhard G. Paulus, Alexander Dreischuh
Summary: The research team demonstrated a novel approach to generate long-range Gauss-Bessel beams by imprinting a vortex in a Gaussian beam and focusing/Fourier-transforming the ring-shaped beam with a lens. This method can achieve divergence angles in the microradian range and Gauss-Bessel beam lengths up to 2.5 m.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Alessio Benedetti, Walter Fuscaldo, Davide Comite, Silvia Tofani, Paolo Baccarelli, Alessandro Galli, Paolo Burghignoli
Summary: This paper proposes a design technique using controlled spiral filaments with dynamic mechanical deformations to tune the size and shape of the non-diffractive region, instead of traditional metal ring designs. This alternative technological solution has inherent advantages and provides detailed guidelines and examples.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Lvbin Song, Zhijun Ren, Changjiang Fan, Yixian Qian
Summary: The nonparaxial integral expression of fractional-order Bessel-Gauss (FBG) beams during propagation was rigorously derived using the virtual source technique and the principle of independent transmission and superposition of light, along with Weber integral formula and Fourier-Bessel transform pair. The analytic expression of the axial optical field amplitude and the on-axis intensity and phase of FBG beams were obtained and calculated. The calculated results quantitatively revealed important intensity information about the near-field propagation characteristic of FBG beams.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Yuqi Wang, Zilong Zhang, Suyi Zhao, Wei He, Xiaotian Li, Xin Wang, Yuchen Jie, Changming Zhao
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of localized defects in SLM devices on structured light generation and demonstrates the reconstructed light field results under different defect states using CGH loaded onto the DMD. The results show that central defects have minimal influence on the reconstructed light field, while edge defects have a significant impact. This study expands the application scenarios for the generation of structured light beams with SLM.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Yousef M. Shishter, Falah H. Ali, Rupert C. Young
Summary: This paper focuses on finding a closed-form expression for the average intensity of Bessel-Gauss (BG) beams propagating through turbulent atmospheres. The results also provide a way to calculate and plot the beam root mean square (rms) width using one-dimensional integrals. This work is important for evaluating the potential application of BG beams in emerging communication systems like optical wireless communications (OWC).
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION
(2023)
Article
Optics
Colin J. R. Sheppard, Miguel A. Porras
Summary: The connections between Laguerre-Gauss and Bessel-Gauss beams, and between Hermite-Gauss and cosine-Gauss beams are investigated in this study. The authors review different asymptotic expressions for generalized Laguerre and Hermite polynomials and compare the amplitude variations of different beams. It is found that generalized Laguerre-Gauss beams can approximate Bessel-Gauss beams well under certain conditions.
Article
Optics
Yanping Lan, Juntao Hu, Wenni Ye, Peiqi Zeng, Yixian Qian
Summary: We propose a universal approach to design and generate non-diffracting structured light beams with arbitrary shapes. A practical spectral superposition algorithm is developed to discuss the non-diffracting properties and experimental results confirm the numerical findings. These structured beams differ from classical non-diffracting beams and have the potential for new applications in optical micromachining.
Article
Optics
Suyi Zhao, Zilong Zhang, Xudong Wang, Jinmao Chen, Yuan Gao, Xin Wang, Yuchen Jie, Changming Zhao
Summary: The self-healing property of laser beams with special spatial structures, such as Hermite-Gaussian (HG) beams, is investigated through theoretical and experimental analysis. The research focuses on complex structured beams composed of incoherent or coherent superposition of multiple eigenmodes. The study reveals that partially blocked HG beams can recover their original structure in the far field. The findings provide insights into the self-healing and transformation characteristics of multi-eigenmode composed beams and expand their applications in optical lattice structures.
Article
Optics
Jiahao Zhi, Bo Hu, Yuncheng Guo, Zhitong Sun, Xiaogang Wang, Zhifang Qiu, Hao Ying, Bijun Xu
Summary: This study introduces a method for generating non-diffractive Lommel beams based on all-dielectric metasurfaces, with good focal depth and broadband characteristics, demonstrating excellent self-healing properties. By combining the phase of the Dammann grating, a metasurface capable of producing a Lommel beam array is successfully created.
Article
Optics
Marco Piccardo, Vincent Ginis, Andrew Forbes, Simon Mahler, Asher A. Friesem, Nir Davidson, Haoran Ren, Ahmed H. Dorrah, Federico Capasso, Firehun T. Dullo, Balpreet S. Ahluwalia, Antonio Ambrosio, Sylvain Gigan, Nicolas Treps, Markus Hiekkamaki, Robert Fickler, Michael Kues, David Moss, Roberto Morandotti, Johann Riemensberger, Tobias J. Kippenberg, Jerome Faist, Giacomo Scalari, Nathalie Picque, Theodor W. Haensch, Giulio Cerullo, Cristian Manzoni, Luigi A. Lugiato, Massimo Brambilla, Lorenzo Columbo, Alessandra Gatti, Franco Prati, Abbas Shiri, Ayman F. Abouraddy, Andrea Alu, Emanuele Galiffi, J. B. Pendry, Paloma A. Huidobro
Summary: Our ability to manipulate light patterns by combining different electromagnetic modes has significantly improved in recent years. This concept of structured light is being applied across various fields of optics, enabling the generation of classical and quantum states of light, utilization of linear and nonlinear light-matter interactions, and advancements in microscopy, spectroscopy, holography, communication, and synchronization. This Roadmap provides an overview of these areas, their current research, and future developments, emphasizing the power of multimodal light manipulation to inspire new approaches in this vibrant research community.
Editorial Material
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Andrew Forbes, Siddharth Ramachandran, Qiwen Zhan
Article
Optics
Keshaan Singh, Angela Dudley, Andrew Forbes
Summary: Measuring and correcting wavefront aberrations is crucial in various fields, and our approach using a digital micro-mirror device allows for dynamic extraction of wavefronts with high resolution and tuneable sensitivity. We verified its capability by extracting common aberrations, phase screens, and lens phases under static and dynamic conditions. This setup also enables convenient real-time adaptive correction and is versatile, cheap, fast, accurate, broadband, and polarization invariant.
Article
Optics
Bereneice Sephton, Isaac Nape, Chane Moodley, Jason Francis, Andrew Forbes
Summary: Single-pixel quantum ghost imaging exploits non-local photon spatial correlations to image objects using light that has not interacted with them, reducing detection to a single pixel through intelligent spatial scanning with projective masks. Despite facing challenges in extending to complex amplitude objects, we discover that the necessary interference for phase retrieval is naturally embedded in correlation measurements formed from traditional projective masks in bi-photon quantum ghost imaging. With this, we develop a simple method to obtain the complete phase and amplitude information of complex objects and demonstrate unambiguous reconstruction of objects with spatially varying structures and complex amplitudes. This technique could be a significant step towards imaging the phase of light-sensitive structures in biological matter.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Andrew Forbes
Summary: This article reflects on the progress made in both fundamental science and applications in connecting light's orbital angular momentum (OAM) with its spatial structure over the past 30 years. A recent trend has been the direct creation of OAM from lasers, offering potential for tunable, compact, and high-power sources of OAM light. This tutorial-style review provides a summary of the basics of OAM, its creation at the source, significant advancements, the current state-of-the-art, and the remaining challenges.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Keshaan Singh, Isaac Nape, Wagner Tavares Buono, Angela Dudley, Andrew Forbes
Summary: Increasing the information capacity of communication channels is a pressing need to meet growing data demands. Mode division multiplexing (MDM), which uses spatial modes of light as the encoding basis, has potential but is hindered by channel noise. This study overcomes this challenge by exploiting the vectorness of vectorial light as the information carrier, which is completely impervious to channel noise. The results demonstrate near-perfect data fidelity in multi-bit information transfer through atmospheric turbulence, allowing for a state-of-the-art communication channel with 50 vectorial modes and little cross-talk.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Andrew Forbes, Leerin Perumal
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Justin Harrison, Andrew Forbes, Darryl Naidoo
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate the power amplification of low-power higher-order Laguerre-Gaussian modes using a novel in-line dual-pass master oscillator power amplifier. Our approach achieves a gain factor of up to 17x, corresponding to an overall enhancement of 300% in amplification compared to a single-pass output configuration, while preserving the beam quality of the input mode. Computational simulations confirm these findings and show excellent agreement with the experimental data.
Article
Optics
Justin Harrison, Wagner Tavares Buono, Andrew Forbes, Darryl Naidoo
Summary: In this study, higher-order (l = 2) orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams were generated and power amplified using a compact end-pumped Nd:YAG Master-Oscillator-Power-Amplifier (MOPA) design. We analyzed the thermally-induced wavefront aberrations of the Nd:YAG crystal and showed that natural astigmatism leads to the splitting of vortex phase singularities. By engineering the Gouy phase, we achieved an amplified vortex purity of 94% and an amplification enhancement of up to 1200% in the far field. Our comprehensive theoretical and experimental investigation is valuable for communities working on high-power applications of structured light, including communications and materials processing.
Article
Optics
Keshaan Singh, Pedro Ornelas, Angela Dudley, Andrew Forbes
Summary: Researchers demonstrate the dynamics of optical skyrmions within a magnetic field by engineering them using superpositions of Bessel-Gaussian beams. The skyrmionic form changes during propagation, exhibiting controllable periodic precession. Through a full Stokes analysis of the optical field, the local precession manifests as global beating between different skyrmion types while maintaining the invariance of the Skyrme number. Numerical simulation shows the potential for extending this approach to create time varying magnetic fields, providing a powerful analogue to solid state systems.
Article
Optics
Justin Harrison, Andrew Forbes, Darryl Naidoo
Summary: MOPA systems are widely used in laser development to increase the optical power of laser emissions. This study presents a novel approach for accurate modeling of the multimode fiber-coupled pump beam using a diffractive optical element. The theoretical model is experimentally validated and shows excellent agreement with predicted output powers.
Article
Optics
Leerin Perumal, Andrew Forbes
Summary: Laser beam shaping is a popular topic that has recently regained attention due to advancements in structured light and modern implementation tools. This tutorial focuses on using digital micro-mirror devices (DMDs) for fast, affordable, and dynamic laser beam shaping. It provides a theoretical overview, practical guidance, and showcases the effectiveness of the approach through various case studies, including monochromatic and broadband light.
Article
Optics
Isaac Nape, Bereneice Sephton, Pedro Ornelas, Chane Moodley, Andrew Forbes
Summary: Structured light has emerged as a hot topic, offering new states of light, enhanced functionality, and a modern toolbox for fundamental science. By structuring light as single photons and entangled states, high dimensional quantum states can be encoded using spatial modes, enabling tests of quantum mechanics and improved information processing. This tutorial outlines the basics of high dimensional quantum states expressed in spatial modes and explains how to create, control, and detect such states, focusing on transverse spatial modes like orbital angular momentum and pixel modes. Examples of applications, from communications to imaging, are also highlighted.
Article
Physics, Applied
Cade Peters, Mitchell Cox, Alice Drozdov, Andrew Forbes
Summary: In this study, we investigated the invariance and distortion of vectorial light through atmospheric turbulence. Although the amplitude and polarization structure were severely distorted, the non-separability between these two degrees of freedom remained invariant. This result provides conclusive evidence that invariance and distortion are not mutually exclusive and has implications for classical and quantum communication in free space.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Cade Peters, Pedro Ornelas, Isaac Nape, Andrew Forbes
Summary: Nonseparability in classical and quantum states of light can be measured using concurrence and spatially resolved. The study explores local and nonlocal entanglement using vectorial structured light and its quantum analog. This research has significant implications for understanding coherence and polarization in vectorial light and quantum entangled states for imaging.
Article
Optics
Hang Dong, Zhixin Sun, Jingyi Li, Yahui Li, Wei Zhang, Guangyong Jin
Summary: This paper calculates thermal stresses and adsorption forces to determine laser cleaning conditions and establishes relevant models. Experimental results show that the removal effect is better with increasing nanosecond pulse delay, with the best effect achieved at 600 milliseconds pulse delay. Based on the findings, the mechanisms of oxide film removal involve thermal stress against adsorption and plasma shock wave breaking the oxide layer.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Junjie Zhang, Wenjun Li, Bingtao Li, Zheng-Da Hu, Jicheng Wang, Feng Zhang, Lei Wang
Summary: A multilayer thin film device structure based on Tamm plasmons is proposed for high-performance near-infrared hot electron photodetectors. By optimizing the device structure parameters, high responsivity detection can be achieved.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Hong Huang, Zhiguang Han
Summary: This paper proposes a new ghost imaging reconstruction method using ordered orthogonal Hadamard derived speckle as the illumination speckle series, and introduces the alternating direction multiplier method to improve the imaging performance. The evaluation results show that the method can achieve high-quality reconstructed images under low sampling conditions.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Moritsugu Sakamoto, Yuki Ono, Kohei Noda, Tomoyuki Sasaki, Nobuhiro Kawatsuki, Masayuki Tanaka, Hiroshi Ono
Summary: The effect of wavelength and polarization of illuminating light in polarization imaging for birefringent objects placed behind a scattering structure was experimentally investigated. The result shows that the spatial distribution of the birefringent object was more clearly visualized in the longer wavelength combined with circularly polarized light illumination. This finding indicates the potential of using polarization imaging with circularly polarized light illumination in the near-infrared range for visualizing birefringent objects with scattering.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Peihui Du, Hongfang Wang, Pengwei Li, Rukeyemuhan Abadula, Hmbat Batelbek, Min Gao
Summary: In this study, we theoretically demonstrate the strong coupling between Tamm plasmons and exciton polaritons in metal Al/DBR-molecular structures, extending the operating wavelength to the deep ultraviolet region. The coupling strength can be effectively manipulated by adjusting the structure parameters, offering potential benefits for the development of new-style optical filters.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Priyanka Chaudhary, Akhilesh Kumar Mishra
Summary: We design and numerically investigate the switching dynamics between two outer waveguides in a parity-time (PT)-symmetric adiabatically coupled three waveguides nonlinear directional coupler (NLDC) system. The study shows that the device can provide switching even when the middle waveguide is nonlinear and the outer waveguides are linear. Furthermore, the effect of loss to gain ratio on critical switching power and the impact of launched light power and gain (loss) value on transmitted power are also studied.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Wei Feng, Yongcong Yi, Shuyang Li, Zhi Xiong, Boya Xie, Zhen Zeng
Summary: Traditional imaging techniques are ineffective in achieving clear underwater imaging due to the presence of scattering media. Single-pixel imaging (SPI) system based on Unet++ offers a solution for reconstructing high-quality images in highly turbid water environments.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Xiaorui Qu, Jufeng Zhao, Haijun Tian, Junjie Zhu, Guangmang Cui
Summary: This paper studies the structural similarity between RGB and spectral images and proposes a non-iterative Images Structure Similarity (ISS) method for fast reconstruction of spectral images. Additionally, the input of the Deep Image Prior (DIP) method is optimized for the first time by using the initial spectral data reconstructed by ISS, leading to an improved starting value for the iteration. The experimental results show that the proposed method can enhance the reconstruction quality in both spectral and spatial resolutions, while significantly reducing the reconstruction time compared to other DIP-based methods.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Donghe Sheng, Zhe Han, Zanyang Qiao, Tianpei Dong, Chenxi Wang, Huiping Tian
Summary: In this study, a distributed multi-parameter sensor based on an etched few-mode multi-core fiber is proposed, allowing simultaneous sensing of temperature, strain, and sample refractive index. By combining space division multiplexing and stimulated Brillouin scattering, the sensor achieves high sensitivity in detecting these parameters.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Dehao Chen, Zhenwu Mo, Zehong Liang, Junjie Jiang, Huilin Tang, Yidan Sun, Ziyu Wang, Quanfeng Wei, Yanru Chen, Dongmei Deng
Summary: In this study, a novel family of elliptical Airyprime vortex beams (EAPVBs) is introduced, which inherits the excellent self-focusing properties of the circular Airyprime vortex beam (CAPVB). The asymmetric focusing of EAPVB leads to some novel properties, such as the splitting of high-order optical vortex and the formation of two foci. By taking advantage of these properties, EAPVB is constructed as a tunable optical bottle for particle capture.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Xiao Ma, Qiongchan Shao, Jian-Jun He
Summary: In this study, an SHS chip based on Su8 waveguide was designed and fabricated. By physically adjusting the metal electrodes and compensating for transmissivity fluctuations, the generation of side ripples was successfully suppressed.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Hongbin Zhang, Jiansen Du, Zongtao Chi, Hailin Cong, Bin Wang
Summary: In this paper, a novel type of dual-wavelength confocal metalens is proposed to solve the spatial crosstalk between two wavelengths. The metalens can greatly reduce the spatial crosstalk and achieve high precision and efficiency in confocal imaging. It can also focus light in specific wavelength ranges, making it suitable for imaging, microscopy, and optical fiber communication.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Rui Qiu, Guanmao Zhang, Shaokai Du, Jie Liu, Hongyu Jib, Kaiyun Bi, Bochuan Xing, Guangchao Diao
Summary: Recent research has developed an achromatic metalens that shows potential for replacing traditional lenses. This study focuses on a continuously variable focus height broadband achromatic metalens for long-wavelength infrared applications. By optimizing materials and parameters, chromatic aberration is effectively corrected, making it suitable for high-resolution LWIR imaging and spectroscopy systems.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Marcos Troncoso-Costas, Gaurav Jain, Yiming Li, Mohammed Patel, Lakshmi Narayanan Venkatasubramani, Sean O'Duill, Frank Smyth, Andrew Ellis, Francisco Diaz-Otero, Colm Browning, Liam Barry
Summary: In this work, a fast-switching tuneable laser capable of wide wavelength coverage, low noise and linewidth levels suitable for high-order modulation formats is demonstrated. The laser is characterized to cover a wavelength range of 35 nm in the C-band with nanosecond switching time. It is used to successfully demonstrate 480 Gbit/s 16QAM transmission over 25 km of single-mode fiber for a wavelength range of 19 nm.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Takeshi Moriyasu, Masahiko Tani, Hideaki Kitahara, Takashi Furuya, Jessica Afalla, Toshiro Kohmoto, Daishiro Koide, Hiroki Sato, Mitsutaka Kumakura
Summary: Optical pump-terahertz probe spectroscopy was used to study the photocarrier dynamics and optical characteristics of semiconductor Si. The results showed that the thickness of Si influenced the transmitted terahertz field amplitude and peak delay time, indicating differences in photocarrier dynamics between different Si materials.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
