Article
Psychiatry
Vittal Korann, Abhishek Appaji, Arpitha Jacob, Priyanka Devi, Bhargavi Nagendra, Dona Maria Chako, Ananth Padmanabha, Umesh Thonse, Rose Dawn Bharath, Vijay Kumar, Shivarama Varambally, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Shyam Vasudeva Rao, Carroll A. B. Webers, Tos T. J. M. Berendschot, Naren P. Rao
Summary: Recent research has shown a potential link between retinal vascular measures and brain structure in schizophrenia. The study revealed a significant negative correlation between retinal venular diameter and cortical thickness in specific brain regions of schizophrenia patients, suggesting a potential value of retinal venular diameter as a proxy marker for abnormal neurodevelopment in schizophrenia.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bruna B. J. Leal, Naohiro Wakabayashi, Kyohei Oyama, Hiroyuki Kamiya, Daikelly I. Braghirolli, Patricia Pranke
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally, with vascular grafts being a treatment option. Research has shown the urgent need for the development of small-caliber synthetic vascular grafts to overcome the limitations of autologous grafts.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Changsen Liang, Chen Gu, Ning Wang
Summary: This meta-analysis clarifies the relationship between retinal vessel caliber and coronary heart disease (CHD) and its risk factors. Smaller retinal arteriolar caliber is related to CHD, while there is no significant difference in venule caliber between CHD and healthy people. Retinal vascular caliber is also independently associated with CHD risk factors such as age, gender, smoke, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes.
OPHTHALMIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeanette A. Maier, Vicente Andres, Sara Castiglioni, Alessandro Giudici, Emily S. Lau, Janos Nemcsik, Francesca Seta, Paola Zaninotto, Mariella Catalano, Naomi M. Hamburg
Summary: Vascular aging predicts cardiovascular events and mortality, early assessment allows identification of at-risk individuals, and more studies are needed to develop strategies for prevention and treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mascha Koenen, Michael A. Hill, Paul Cohen, James R. Sowers
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases, as the leading cause of death worldwide, are strongly associated with overweight and obesity, which contribute to vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. The abnormal remodeling of specific adipose tissue depots during obesity plays a critical role in the development of hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular stiffness, with fat distribution being a key determinant of the risk for cardiovascular diseases.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Umit Calli, Fatih Coban, Ferhat Evliyaoglu, Ayse Sonmez
Summary: This study found that retinal vascular caliber is significantly narrower in patients with newly diagnosed iron deficiency anemia (IDA), and is associated with hemoglobin levels. This suggests that vascular caliber may reflect early microvascular alterations resulting from IDA. Identifying changes in retinal vascular caliber may be critical in preventing potential ocular and systemic disorders in patients with IDA.
PHOTODIAGNOSIS AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dae Joong Ma, Heesun Lee, Ji Min Choi, Hyo Eun Park, Su-Yeon Choi, Hyuk Jin Choi
Summary: This study found that retinal vessel geometry is associated with the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). High CAVI values were significantly associated with narrower retinal arteriolar caliber, reduced complexity of arteriolar branching, and increased arteriolar bifurcation angle.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Sedigheh Asgary, Raheleh Karimi, Tanuj Joshi, Kaitlyn L. Kilpatrick, Sajjad Moradi, Zeinab Samimi, Elham Mohammadi, Mohammad Hosein Farzaei, Anupam Bishayee
Summary: Pomegranate juice has no significant effect on most vascular adhesion factors, but can reduce IL-6 levels significantly.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Shailly Luthra, Marco Orlandi, Yago Leira, Desta Bokre, Debora Marletta, Roberto Rotundo, Simon Harden, Francesco D'Aiuto
Summary: This study critically appraised the evidence linking invasive dental treatments (IDTs) and acute vascular events (AVEs), and found that patients who received IDT did not exhibit a substantial increase in vascular risk over 8 weeks post treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Mireia Medrano-Bosch, Blanca Simon-Codina, Wladimiro Jimenez, Elazer R. Edelman, Pedro Melgar-Lesmes
Summary: Monocytes are circulating leukocytes that interact with endothelial cells to regulate inflammation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. They transdifferentiate into macrophages and release various substances that induce vascular and tissue remodeling or propagate inflammatory responses. The interactions between infiltrating monocytes and endothelial cells contribute to pathophysiological conditions such as cardiovascular and chronic liver diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Megan Mio, Kody G. Kennedy, Anahit Grigorian, Yi Zou, Mikaela K. Dimick, Beth Selkirk, Peter J. Kertes, Walter Swardfager, Margaret K. Hahn, Sandra E. Black, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Benjamin I. Goldstein
Summary: Retinal microvascular measures are associated with white matter integrity in patients with BD, particularly in the corpus callosum.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Megan Mio, Anahit Grigorian, Yi Zou, Mikaela K. Dimick, Beth Selkirk, Peter Kertes, Brian W. McCrindle, Walter Swardfager, Margaret K. Hahn, Sandra E. Black, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Benjamin I. Goldstein
Summary: This study reveals an association between retinal vascular caliber and cerebral blood flow in adolescents with bipolar disorder. These findings provide important insights into the potential neurofunctional mechanisms linking retinal vascular caliber with psychiatric diagnoses.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stefano Rizzi, Sara Mantero, Federica Boschetti, Maurizio Pesce
Summary: The increasing incidence of coronary artery disease worldwide has prompted the development of advanced therapies such as tissue engineered vessel grafts (TEVGs) to replace autologous grafts currently used in surgery. In this study, the authors propose a method to optimize the coverage of silk electrospun tubular scaffold with endothelial cells, aiming to derive complete vascular constructs for transplantation and disease modeling.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Mohamed Ashraf, Siamak Shokrollahi, Alex U. Pisig, Konstantina Sampani, Omar Abdelal, Jerry D. Cavallerano, Gavin Robertson, Alan Fleming, Jano van Hemert, Cloyd M. Pitoc, Jennifer K. Sun, Lloyd Paul Aiello, Paolo S. Silva
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the association of retinal nonperfusion and diabetic retinopathy severity with the location of vascular caliber measurement using ultrawide field imaging. The results suggest that the association of vascular caliber with nonperfusion and DR severity differs based upon the retinal location at which vascular caliber is measured.
OPHTHALMOLOGY RETINA
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chenkai Wu, Kehan Zhang, Michelle C. Odden, Anna M. Kucharska-Newton, Priya Palta, Kunihiro Matsushita, Rebecca F. Gottesman, B. Gwen Windham
Summary: The study found that a high burden of subclinical vascular disease in middle-aged adults is associated with an increased risk of premature mortality, providing better predictive ability for premature death. When designing interventions to reduce premature mortality, the importance of considering subclinical vascular disease factors should be taken into account.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ralene Sim, Gemmy Cheung, Daniel Ting, Edmund Wong, Tien Yin Wong, Ian Yeo, Chee Wai Wong
Summary: This study explored the association between retinal findings and COVID-19 infection, revealing retinal microvascular signs in one in nine patients. These signs included microhaemorrhages, retinal vascular tortuosity, and cotton wool spots. Patients with retinal signs were more likely to have transiently elevated blood pressure.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Simon K. H. Szeto, Vivian W. K. Hui, Fang Yao Tang, Dawei Yang, Zi Han Sun, Shaheeda Mohamed, Carmen K. M. Chan, Timothy Y. Y. Lai, Carol Cheung
Summary: This study aims to investigate whether a combination of baseline and change in SD-OCT biomarkers can predict visual outcomes in patients with DMO treated with anti-VEGF injections. The results indicate that baseline DRIL, hyper-reflective foci in retina, and disruption of ELM/EZ and COST were associated with worse baseline and subsequent VA up to 24 months after treatment. Improvement in DRIL, ELM/EZ, and COST after treatment was associated with greater improvement in VA at 12 months.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Anna C. S. Tan, Miao Li Chee, Beau J. Fenner, Paul Mitchell, Yih Chung Tham, Tyler Rim, Kelvin Teo, Shaun S. Sim, Ching Yu Cheng, Tien Yin Wong, Usha Chakravarthy, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung
Summary: This study aimed to report the incidence of age-related changes in drusen volume detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) over a span of 6 years and their systemic and ocular associations. The results showed that the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) detected at 6 years was low. Drusen volume in the macular region either decreased, remained stable, or increased over the 6-year period. Older age, smoking, and chronic kidney disease were associated with decreased drusen volume, while older age and hypertension were associated with increased drusen volume.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Bingyao Tan, Nicole-Ann Lim, Rose Tan, Alfred Tau Liang Gan, Jacqueline Chua, Simon Nusinovici, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Usha Chakravarthy, Tien Yin Wong, Leopold Schmetterer, Gavin Tan
Summary: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters from both the retinal and choroidal microvasculature can be used to detect the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Choriocapillaris parameters show better discrimination between non-diabetic and diabetic without DR groups. Evaluating both retinal and choroidal microvasculature significantly improves the detection of diabetic retinopathy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Yi Xuen Chai, Alfred Tau Liang Gan, Eva K. Fenwick, Abraham Y. Sui, Benjamin Kye Jyn Tan, Debra Q. Y. Quek, Chaoxu Qian, Tien Yin Wong, Ching-Yu Cheng, Ecosse Luc Lamoureux, Ryan Eyn Kidd Man
Summary: This study aims to examine the relationship between vision impairment (VI) and employment outcomes in a multiethnic Asian population. The results suggest that even mild VI is associated with unemployment and underemployment.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ruyue Shen, Yu Meng Wang, Carol Y. Cheung, Fang Yao Tang, Alexander Lam, Clement C. Tham, Poemen PuiMan Chan
Summary: This study found that enlargement of the macular intercapillary area is closely associated with thinning of the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer and decreased central visual field sensitivity in early normal tension glaucoma eyes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Graham A. Wilson, Kirsten Cheyne, Sandhya Ramrakha, Antony Ambler, Gavin S. W. Tan, Avshalom Caspi, Ben Williams, Karen Sugden, Renate Houts, Rachael L. Niederer, Tien Yin Wong, Terrie E. Moffitt, Richie Poulton
Summary: This study investigated whether macular drusen in midlife are associated with accelerated biological ageing. The results showed no significant association between macular drusen and the pace of ageing or facial ageing.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Da Wei Yang, Zi Qi Tang, Fang Yao Tang, Simon K. H. Szeto, Jason Chan, Fanny Yip, Cherie Y. K. Wong, An Ran Ran, Timothy Y. Y. Lai, Carol Y. Cheung
Summary: This study investigated the factors associated with diabetic macular ischaemia (DMI) as assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The results showed that age, visual acuity, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness, diabetic retinopathy severity, haemoglobin A1c level, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level were associated with SCP-DMI. In addition, the presence of diabetic macular oedema and shorter axial length were associated with DCP-DMI.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dawei Yang, An Ran Ran, Truong X. X. Nguyen, Timothy P. H. Lin, Hao Chen, Timothy Y. Y. Lai, Clement C. C. Tham, Carol Y. Y. Cheung
Summary: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) provides non-invasive visualization of retinal microvasculature, and deep learning (DL) has been applied in OCT-A image analysis to enhance its clinical values. However, the deployment of this combination in real-world clinics is still in the proof-of-concept stage due to limitations in training sample size, data preprocessing, external dataset testing, and results interpretation standardization. In this review, we introduce the applications of DL in OCT-A, summarize the challenges of clinical deployment, and discuss future research directions.
Review
Ophthalmology
Yu Huang, Carol Y. Cheung, Dawei Li, Yih Chung Tham, Bin Sheng, Ching Yu Cheng, Ya Xing Wang, Tien Yin Wong
Summary: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death globally, and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in analyzing ocular images has the potential to enhance CVD risk prediction. This review provides an overview of AI-based ocular image analysis for predicting CVD and discusses the limitations in AI research and the challenges in clinical practice.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kang-An Wong, Bryan Chin Hou Ang, Dinesh Visva Gunasekeran, Rahat Husain, Joewee Boon, Krishna Vikneson, Zyna Pei Qi Tan, Gavin Siew Wei Tan, Tien Yin Wong, Rupesh Agrawal
Summary: This study investigates the performance of a novel remote perimetry application designed in a virtual reality metaverse environment to enable functional testing in community-based and primary care settings. The results show that the remote perimetry application has good concordance with the gold standard perimetry and could potentially be used for functional eye screening in out-of-hospital settings.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Chan Joo Lee, Tyler Hyungtaek Rim, Hyun Goo Kang, Joseph Keunhong Yi, Geunyoung Lee, Marco Yu, Soo-Hyun Park, Jin-Taek Hwang, Yih-Chung Tham, Tien Yin Wong, Ching-Yu Cheng, Dong Wook Kim, Sung Soo Kim, Sungha Park
Summary: This study validated a personalized cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scoring system, named Reti-CVD, based on retinal images. The risk groups defined by Reti-CVD were significantly associated with increased CVD risk and remained effective in a comprehensive model with other risk factors.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Cynthia Ciwei Lim, Crystal Chong, Gavin Tan, Chieh Suai Tan, Carol Y. Cheung, Tien Y. Wong, Ching Yu Cheng, Charumathi Sabanayagam
Summary: This study found that retinal vessel calibre measurements obtained by a deep learning system were significantly associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The addition of kidney function and retinal vessel calibre parameters improved the prediction of CVD risk among CKD patients.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kai Xiong Cheong, Hengtong Li, Yih Chung Tham, Kelvin Yi Chong Teo, Anna Cheng Sim Tan, Leopold Schmetterer, Tien Yin Wong, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Ching-Yu Cheng, Qiao Fan
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between genetic susceptibility to AMD and retinal thickness, finding that certain genetic variants were associated with thinner retinal layers, particularly the photoreceptor layers. These findings suggest that retinal thickness could serve as a potential risk marker for prodromal AMD, highlighting the importance of considering topographic variation.
OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE
(2023)