Article
Cell Biology
Taichi Nyui, Hironori Yoshino, Tetsuya Nunota, Yoshiaki Sato, Eichi Tsuruga
Summary: cGAS has a role in promoting radioresistance in HNSCC cells, as its knockdown enhances radiosensitivity and increases radiation-induced cell death and senescence.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huiying Hu, Huanyu Jiang, Zhenwen Zhu, Honglin Yin, Kai Liu, Lijuan Chen, Mengyuan Zhao, Zhenkun Yu
Summary: Squamous papillomas (SPs) of the head and neck are often benign lesions caused by HPV infection. The prevalence of HPV varies depending on the anatomical site, with higher rates in the larynx and external auditory canal. p16 immunohistochemistry shows promise as a surrogate marker for HPV infection in head and neck SPs. Further studies are needed to confirm this association.
Review
Pathology
Taisuke Mori
Summary: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is a heterogeneous process involving human papillomavirus infection, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Genomic analysis has identified several single driver gene mutations, most commonly in TP53 and CDKN2A/p16. Bmi1 was found to suppress the cross-talk between the p16INK4a and p16/Rb-p53 pathways, while the E7 group exhibited high expression of endogenous p53 and avoided chromosome number aberration. Bmi1 was predominantly expressed in early head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and PcG played a critical role in early cancer development. TP53 whole exon analysis can be used to predict malignant potential, such as poor prognosis and high recurrence at the transection site.
PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Valerie Janelle, Mathieu Neault, Marie-Eve Lebel, Dave Maurice De Sousa, Salix Boulet, Ludovic Durrieu, Cedric Carli, Chloe Muzac, Sebastien Lemieux, Nathalie Labrecque, Heather J. J. Melichar, Frederick A. Mallette, Jean-Sebastien Delisle
Summary: The development of T-cell dysfunction upon repeated antigen exposure involves the accumulation of DNA damage and activation of the p38MAPK signaling pathway, leading to cellular senescence features including p16(INK4a) upregulation. However, targeting p16(INK4a) can improve T-cell functionality in exhausted CAR T cells, suggesting T-cell senescence as a potential target in immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoshimi Kawamura, Kaori Oka, Takashi Semba, Mayuko Takamori, Yuki Sugiura, Riyo Yamasaki, Yusuke Suzuki, Takeshi Chujo, Mari Nagase, Yuki Oiwa, Shusuke Fujioka, Sayuri Homma, Yuki Yamamura, Shingo Miyawaki, Minoru Narita, Takaichi Fukuda, Yusuke Sakai, Takatsugu Ishimoto, Kazuhito Tomizawa, Makoto Suematsu, Takuya Yamamoto, Hidemasa Bono, Hideyuki Okano, Kyoko Miura
Summary: Naked mole-rats have unique mechanisms to prevent the accumulation of senescent cells and undergo a specific type of cell death called INK4a-RB cell death upon induction of cellular senescence, a phenomenon not observed in mouse cells.
Review
Oncology
Dauren Adilbay, Saudamini Lele, John Pang, Ameya Asarkar, Jason Calligas, Cherie-Ann Nathan
Summary: Circulating human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is a promising tool in managing HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer, enabling changes in treatment, diagnosis, and patient monitoring. With the increasing incidence of HPV-related head and neck cancers, the use of circulating HPV DNA can help identify patients suitable for de-escalation protocols and those at risk of treatment failure.
Article
Oncology
Yu Dou, Chao Ma, Ketao Wang, Shaohua Liu, Jintang Sun, Wanye Tan, Markus Neckenig, Qingjie Wang, Zuoqing Dong, Wenjuan Gao, Anwei Chen, Dong Zhang, Bing Wang, Liang Shi, Zhaodi Nan, Dan Ai, Wenjie Yu, Jia Liu, Bingfeng Song, Lei Zhao, Qianqian Shao, Yong Zhu, Tao Wang, Jianing Wang, Wei Hu, Fengcai Wei, Xin Xu, Xun Qu
Summary: The study reveals an association between tumor microbiota and outcomes of HNSCC patients, with poor prognosis patients having lower microbial richness and specific genera enrichment, while good prognosis patients having richer and health-promoting microbial communities. The microbial dysbiosis index (MDI) shows significant association with overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS), independently of other clinical factors.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Julika Ribbat-Idel, Sven Perner, Patrick Kuppler, Luise Klapper, Rosemarie Krupar, Christian Watermann, Finn-Ole Paulsen, Anne Offermann, Karl-Ludwig Bruchhage, Barbara Wollenberg, Christian Idel
Summary: The study identified significant differences in survival rates among HNSCC patients based on their tumor immune cell patterns, with immunologic hot and excluded patients showing better overall survival. Categorizing HNSCC as immunologic hot, cold, or excluded using a plain histological approach may serve as a potential prognostic tool.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Mari Mylly, Linda Nissi, Teemu Huusko, Johannes Routila, Samuli Vaittinen, Heikki Irjala, Ilmo Leivo, Sami Ventela
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and associations of p16 positivity with survival in HNSCC patients in Southwest Finland between 2005 and 2015. The results showed that p16 positivity was mainly found in the oropharynx and was associated with an increased likelihood of lymph node metastasis, a smaller primary tumor size, and a sparse history of smoking and alcohol consumption. Regardless of p16 expression, all HNSCC patients benefited from combining chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Jad Chahoud, Frederico O. Gleber-Netto, Barrett Z. McCormick, Priya Rao, Xin Lu, Ming Guo, Maggaret B. Morgan, Randy A. Chu, Magaly Martinez-Ferrer, Agda Karina Eterovic, Curtis R. Pickering, Curtis A. Pettaway
Summary: This study conducted whole-exome sequencing analysis on penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) and found that most PSCC samples showed enrichment for Notch pathway alterations, and the mutation signatures were most comparable with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). A subset of PSCC patients with enrichment of APOBEC-related mutation signature had significantly higher tumor mutation burden and worse overall survival.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
Su-Jeong Lee, Da-Yeon Lee, Jennifer F. O'Connell, Josephine M. Egan, Yoo Kim
Summary: This study examined the impact of black ginseng (BG) on cellular senescence and found that BG supplementation can delay cellular senescence, particularly reducing activation of the canonical senescence pathway in multiple metabolic organs. The findings suggest that BG may be a potential senolytic candidate for retarding the aging process.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edyta M. Borkowska, Magda Baranska, Magdalena Kowalczyk, Wioletta Pietruszewska
Summary: Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are a significant cause of mortality with genetic factors playing a crucial role in their etiology. Detection of genetic mutations and HPV infection in tumor samples can provide important prognostic information.
Article
Oncology
Sanjib Chaudhary, Ramesh Pothuraju, Satyanarayana Rachagani, Jawed A. Siddiqui, Pranita Atri, Kavita Mallya, Mohd W. Nasser, Zafar Sayed, Elizabeth R. Lyden, Lynette Smith, Siddhartha D. Gupta, Ranju Ralhan, Imayavaramban Lakshmanan, Dwight T. Jones, Apar Kishor Ganti, Muzafar A. Macha, Surinder K. Batra
Summary: This study demonstrates that the combination therapy of CDK4/6 and panEGFR inhibitors can significantly reduce tumor growth, induce cellular senescence, and regulate metabolic pathways in HNSCC, suggesting that dual targeting may be a critical therapeutic strategy in blocking tumor progression.
Review
Cell Biology
Piotr Cierpikowski, Anna Leszczyszyn, Julia Bar
Summary: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant global malignancy with limited treatment options. The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway, which is involved in tissue development and maintenance, may play a crucial role in HNSCC and cancer stem cell regulation. Recent research suggests that targeting the HH pathway could be a promising approach for personalized therapy for HNSCC. This review provides an overview of the current understanding and potential implications of the HH pathway in HNSCC.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Xie, Li Huang, You-Guang Lu, Da-Li Zheng
Summary: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is a common and aggressive type of tumor with low survival rates. The Wnt signaling pathway has been shown to play a vital role in the pathobiological process of HNSCC by affecting cellular progression and enabling tumor growth and invasiveness. Genetic defects in the components of the Wnt pathway may contribute to the development of HNSCC.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sabah Nisar, Sheema Hashem, Muzafar A. Macha, Santosh K. Yadav, Sankavi Muralitharan, Lubna Azeez, Geetanjali Sageena, Hamda Al-Naemi, Mohammad Haris, Ajaz A. Bhat
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ajaz A. Bhat, Najeeb Syed, Lubna Therachiyil, Sabah Nisar, Sheema Hashem, Muzafar A. Macha, Santosh K. Yadav, Roopesh Krishnankutty, Shanmugakonar Muralitharan, Hamda Al-Naemi, Puneet Bagga, Ravinder Reddy, Punita Dhawan, Anthony Akobeng, Shahab Uddin, Michael P. Frenneaux, Wael El-Rifai, Mohammad Haris
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Surgery
Bradley R. Hall, Andrew Cannon, Pranita Atri, Christopher S. Wichman, Lynette M. Smith, Sushil Kumar, Surinder K. Batra, Hongmei Wang, Apar Kishor Ganti, Aaron R. Sasson, Chandrakanth Are
Review
Oncology
Sheema Hashem, Sabah Nisar, Geetanjali Sageena, Muzafar A. Macha, Santosh K. Yadav, Roopesh Krishnankutty, Shahab Uddin, Mohammad Haris, Ajaz A. Bhat
Summary: Curcumae Rhizoma, also known as Ezhu, is a traditional Chinese medicine containing curcuminoids and curcumol with antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Recent studies have shown the promising anticancer effects of curcumol against solid tumors by inhibiting key signaling pathways associated with tumor growth and metastasis. Extracts from the roots of Curcumae Rhizoma also contain terpenoids with known anticancer properties, highlighting the potential for novel drug development with improved efficacy and reduced cost.
NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sabah Nisar, Parvaiz Yousuf, Tariq Masoodi, Nissar A. Wani, Sheema Hashem, Mayank Singh, Geetanjali Sageena, Deepika Mishra, Rakesh Kumar, Mohammad Haris, Ajaz A. Bhat, Muzafar A. Macha
Summary: HNSCC is an aggressive disease with a poor patient prognosis, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of its biology; alterations in the tumor micro-environment play a critical role in regulating cancer development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Omar Abughanimeh, Anahat Kaur, Badi El Osta, Apar Kishor Ganti
Summary: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, with a majority of patients being diagnosed at an advanced stage. However, advancements in understanding the genetic basis of NSCLC have led to the development of immunotherapy and targeted therapy, improving the overall 5-year survival rate for advanced NSCLC patients.
SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Parvez Khan, Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui, Shailendra Kumar Maurya, Imayavaramban Lakshmanan, Maneesh Jain, Apar Kishor Ganti, Ravi Salgia, Surinder Kumar Batra, Mohd Wasim Nasser
Summary: SCLC is a subtype of lung cancer with high mortality, where epigenetic modifications play a crucial role in tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance. Understanding SCLC epigenetics is important for prognostication, treatment stratification, and the development of new therapies.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Marco Galvez-Nino, Rossana Ruiz, Katia Roque, Ofelia Coanqui, Natalia Valdivieso, Mivael Olivera, Apar Kishor Ganti, Luis Mas
Summary: This study evaluates the clinical outcomes of anti-EGFR TKI treatment in a Peruvian real-world setting for recurrent or advanced NSCLC EGFR mutated patients. The results demonstrate that erlotinib is effective for advanced NSCLC with EGFR-activating mutations, even in patients who have received previous chemotherapy or have brain metastases.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sushanta Halder, Soumi Basu, Shobhit P. Lall, Apar K. Ganti, Surinder K. Batra, Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu
Summary: This review discusses the importance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in multiple cancers and its role in cellular processes. It also highlights the newly identified pathways, resistance mechanisms, and adverse effects of EGFR inhibitors. The latest research on EGFR/panEGFR inhibitors and the potential of combining them with immune checkpoint inhibitors are summarized. Suggestions for developing specific compounds to target mutations and reducing adverse events are provided.
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Apar Kishor Ganti, Nathanael R. Fillmore, John Bihn, Jennifer La, Mary T. Brophy, Nhan V. Do, Michael Kelley
Summary: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of lung cancer patients that predict an increased risk of severe COVID-19 infection or death. It found that increasing age, immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, and low hemoglobin levels were associated with a higher risk of death from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Shailendra K. K. Gautam, Parvez Khan, Gopalakrishnan Natarajan, Pranita Atri, Abhijit Aithal, Apar K. K. Ganti, Surinder K. K. Batra, Mohd W. W. Nasser, Maneesh Jain
Summary: Early cancer detection is crucial for improving survival rates. Mucins, which are upregulated in the early stages of various cancers, have been explored as potential biomarkers. This review discusses the significance of mucin glycoproteins in cancer diagnosis and highlights their potential as part of a biomarker panel for early detection.
Article
Oncology
Meghana Kesireddy, Alissa Marr, Makayla Schissel, Apar K. Ganti
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with preexisting organ dysfunction. The results showed that ICIs were well tolerated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), cirrhosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and congestive heart failure (CHF), with no significant differences in outcomes observed between patients with and without immune-related adverse events (IrAEs).
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Abram Arnold, Apar Kishor Ganti
Summary: Mobocertinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 insertion mutations. It has shown promising efficacy in terms of overall response rate and progression-free survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The adverse events associated with mobocertinib are similar to other EGFR inhibitors and mainly involve the gastrointestinal and cutaneous systems.
ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Apar Kishor Ganti
INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND PAEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Abhinava K. Mishra, Ashna Gupta, Gunjan Dagar, Dayasagar Das, Abhijit Chakraborty, Shabirul Haque, Chandra Prakash Prasad, Archana Singh, Ajaz A. Bhat, Muzafar A. Macha, Moez Benali, Kamal S. Saini, Rebecca Ann Previs, Deepak Saini, Dwaipayan Saha, Preyangsee Dutta, Aseem Rai Bhatnagar, Mrinalini Darswal, Abhishek Shankar, Mayank Singh
Summary: Significant progress has been made in the treatment of multiple myeloma, with CAR-T cell therapy showing promise as a cellular treatment option, particularly with BCMA as the target antigen. However, there are challenges such as antigenic escape and potential adverse reactions associated with CAR-T cell therapy.
