Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alan T. N. Tita, Waldemar A. Carlo, Elizabeth M. McClure, Musaku Mwenechanya, Elwyn Chomba, Jennifer J. Hemingway-Foday, Avinash Kavi, Mrityunjay C. Metgud, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Richard Derman, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Melissa Bauserman, Carl Bose, Poonam Shivkumar, Manju Waikar, Archana Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Paul Nyongesa, Fabian Esamai, Osayame A. Ekhaguere, Sherri Bucher, Saleem Jessani, Shiyam S. Tikmani, Sarah Saleem, Robert L. Goldenberg, Sk M. Billah, Ruth Lennox, Rashidul Haque, William Petri, Lester Figueroa, Manolo Mazariegos, Nancy F. Krebs, Janet L. Moore, Tracy L. Nolen, Marion Koso-Thomas
Summary: In women planning a vaginal delivery, a single oral dose of azithromycin significantly reduced the risk of maternal sepsis or death compared to placebo, but had little effect on newborn sepsis or death.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Stephanie L. Pierce, Courtney M. Bisson, Molly E. Dubois, Sarah B. Grimes, Mikaela S. Katz, Mary M. Weed, Sabrina N. Wyatt, Erin K. Eckart, Jennifer D. Peck, Rodney K. Edwards
Summary: Results of the study suggest that adding azithromycin to standard preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis for cesarean delivery may not significantly decrease infection rates, especially for women who are not in labor.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Metabel T. Markwei, Ifeoluwa Babatunde, Nityam Rathi, Cong Fan, Marie-Ann Prah, Julia Joo, Loren Hackett, David E. Soper, Oluwatosin Goje
Summary: The study shows that preincision cefazolin with adjunctive prophylaxis can significantly reduce postcesarean delivery surgical site infections and duration of hospital stay compared to cefazolin alone, but does not have a significant effect on maternal febrile morbidity. Future investigations are needed to establish the relative efficacies of different adjunctive antibiotic options.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Cassandra R. R. Duffy, Matthew Oberhardt, Naima Ross, Julie Ewing, Maria Messina, Kelly Fitzgerald, Lisa Saiman, Dena Goffman
Summary: This study aimed to determine modifiable risk factors associated with surgical site infection (SSI) and postpartum endometritis. The results showed that inadequate surgical antibiotic prophylaxis was associated with SSI, highlighting the importance of prioritizing adequate surgical prophylaxis. Other associated factors included blood transfusion and chlorhexidine skin preparation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Liza A. M. van Mun, Sabien J. E. Bosman, Jessica de Vocht, Jaclyn de Kort, Jeroen Schouten
Summary: This study evaluated the appropriateness of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) and identified barriers for PAP guideline adherence in a small island hospital in Aruba. The overall appropriateness of PAP was poor with just 34.9%. Main barriers included poor knowledge about PAP and guidelines, as well as professional interactions regarding PAP, specifically poor communication and lack of clarity about responsibilities. Future interventions should focus on communication, education, and awareness among healthcare professionals.
Review
Anesthesiology
Yamini Subramani, Mahesh Nagappa, Kamal Kumar, Rokhsana Mortuza, Lee-Anne Fochesato, Moaz Bin Yunus Chohan, Janet Martin, Kevin Armstrong, Sudha (Indu) Singh
Summary: This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of medications used for preventing intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus after cesarean delivery. The results showed serotonin-receptor antagonists and opioid agonist-antagonists may decrease pruritus incidence compared to control group, but the quality of the overall analysis was low. Further RCTs with clearly defined endpoints are needed to confirm these findings.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ANESTHESIA
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Ryan J. Ellis, Brian C. Brajcich, Kimberly A. Bertens, Carlos H. F. Chan, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Paul J. Karanicolas, Shishir K. Maithel, Bradley N. Reames, Sharon M. Weber, Roberto J. Vidri, Henry A. Pitt, Vanessa M. Thompson, Mithat Gonen, Susan K. Seo, Adam C. Yopp, Clifford Y. Y. Ko, Michael I. D'Angelica
Summary: The association between bactibilia and postoperative complications in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy is influenced by perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. The presence of cefoxitin-resistant organisms in bile cultures is associated with increased risk of surgical site infection and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Muge Keskin, Emre Goksan Pabuccu, Ozgur Sahin, Didem Cakmak, Sezin Oral, Mine Kiseli, Asli Yarci Gursoy, Sevim Dincer Cengiz
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic oral antibiotics prescription during hospital discharge in low-risk women undergoing cesarean deliveries.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Verena Bossung, Mariia Lupatsii, Lkhagvademberel Dashdorj, Oronzo Tassiello, Sinje Jonassen, Julia Pagel, Martin Demmert, Ellinor Anna Wolf, Achim Rody, Silvio Waschina, Simon Graspeuntner, Jan Rupp, Christoph Hartel
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of timing of antimicrobial prophylaxis on gut microbiome composition of term born infants. The results showed that timing played a critical role in the early microbiome composition of infants, but had no effect on antimicrobial resistance emergence.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Guzin Surat, Pascal Meyer-Sautter, Jan Ruesch, Johannes Braun-Feldweg, Christian Karl Markus, Christoph-Thomas Germer, Johan Friso Lock
Summary: This study aimed to compare the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) in intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) after the implementation of a new local perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) guideline. The study found that the rate of SSIs was slightly higher in the cefazolin (CFZ) group compared to the cefuroxime (CXM) group, while the rate of other postoperative infections was significantly higher in the CFZ group.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Julia Burzynska, Radoslaw Jaworski, Bohdan Maruszewski, Andrzej Kansy, Katarzyna Dzierzanowska-Fangrat
Summary: This study compared two perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) regimens in pediatric cardiac surgery and introduced elements of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). The results showed that reducing PAP violations and postoperative antibiotic use can reduce the risk of surgical site infections.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Paolo Paioni, Christoph Aebi, Julia Bielicki, Michael Buettcher, Pierre Alex Crisinel, Christian R. Kahlert, Noemie Wagner, Christoph Berger
Summary: Infection following surgical procedures is a significant concern for patients of all ages. The use of sterile techniques, antibiotic prophylaxis, and improved postoperative wound care has helped reduce the incidence of surgical site infections over time. However, there is a lack of recommendations for perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in the pediatric population. This article provides a standardized approach to the effective use of antimicrobial agents for preventing surgical site infections in children, aiming to promote targeted and rational antibiotic use in Switzerland.
SWISS MEDICAL WEEKLY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Niels Vanvelk, Baixing Chen, Esther M. M. Van Lieshout, Charalampos Zalavras, T. Fintan Moriarty, William T. Obremskey, Michael H. J. Verhofstad, Willem-Jan Metsemakers
Summary: This systematic review examines the current evidence on the association between perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) duration and fracture-related infection (FRI) in open fractures. The available studies suggest that prolonged PAP may not be beneficial in preventing FRI. However, due to limitations in the included studies, more randomized controlled trials are needed to provide a definitive answer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Faris F. Brkic, Boban M. Erovic, Arina Onoprienko, Stefan Janik, Dominik Riss, Claudia Lill, Stefan Grasl, Jafar-Sasan Hamzavi, Erich Vyskocil
Summary: The experience of surgeons significantly affects the outcomes of patients undergoing stapes surgery, with less than 6 years of experience being associated with a higher incidence of persisting or recurrent conductive hearing loss. Perioperative application of antibiotic prophylaxis does not significantly affect outcomes, highlighting the importance of meticulous training and supervision for less experienced surgeons.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Iwona Niedzielska, Marcin Kotowski, Anna Mertas, Michal Bak, Szczepan Barnas, Damian Niedzielski
Summary: This study aimed to validate the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in Maxillofacial Surgery Departments for trauma and non-trauma patients. The study found that different bacterial strains were more frequently isolated at the initial stage of the surgery, with Gram (+) cocci being more common in the trauma group and Gram (-) rods in the non-trauma group.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Maged M. Costantine, Madeline Murguia Rice, Mark B. Landon, Michael W. Varner, Brian M. Casey, Uma M. Reddy, Ronald J. Wapner, Dwight J. Rouse, Alan T. N. Tita, John M. Thorp, Edward K. Chien, Alan M. Peaceman, Sean C. Blackwell
Summary: This study aims to evaluate whether the values and shape of the glucose curve during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in pregnancy can identify women at risk of developing hypertension later in life. The results suggest that the 2-hour OGTT value was positively associated with the primary outcome, while the 3-hour OGTT value was negatively associated. Furthermore, a monophasic OGTT response was associated with an increased risk of hypertension.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Anna Palatnik, Lisa Mele, Brian M. Casey, Michael W. Varner, Yoram Sorokin, Uma M. Reddy, Ronald J. Wapner, John M. Thorp, George R. Saade, Alan T. N. Tita, Dwight J. Rouse, Baha Sibai, Maged M. Costantine, Brian M. Mercer, Jorge E. Tolosa, Steve N. Caritis
Summary: This study examined the association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. The results showed that HDP diagnosis was associated with language delay at 2 years of age, but not with other long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ashley N. Battarbee, Melissa S. Stockwell, Michael Varner, Gabriella Newes-Adeyi, Michael Daugherty, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, Alan T. Tita, Kelly Vorwaller, Celibell Vargas, Akila Subramaniam, Lawrence Reichle, Romeo R. Galang, Emily Powers, Miriam Lucca-Susana, Mickey Parks, Tiffany J. Chen, Hilda Razzaghi, Fatimah S. Dawood
Summary: Most pregnant women are worried about COVID-19 illness, but less than 50% are willing to get vaccinated during pregnancy. Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic women have lower odds of accepting a vaccine, highlighting the need to prioritize strategies to address perceived barriers among groups at high risk for COVID-19.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Michelle P. Debbink, Torri D. Metz, Richard E. Nelson, Sophie E. Janes, Alexandra Kroes, Lori J. Begaye, Cara C. Heuser, Marcela C. Smid, Robert M. Silver, Michael W. Varner, Brett D. Einerson
Summary: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on delivery admissions, revealing that admissions complicated by severe maternal morbidity (SMM) incurred 2.5 to 4 times higher costs compared to uncomplicated deliveries. The cost differences varied depending on the criteria used to define SMM.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Anna Palatnik, Paula McGee, Jennifer L. Bailit, Ronald J. Wapner, Michael W. Varner, John M. Thorp, Steve N. Caritis, Mona Prasad, Alan T. N. Tita, George R. Saade, Dwight J. Rouse, Sean C. Blackwell
Summary: This study found that Black and Hispanic HDP patients had higher rates of severe maternal morbidity, but the racial disparities disappeared after controlling for other factors.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kara M. Rood, Lynda G. Ugwu, William A. Grobman, Jennifer L. Bailit, Ronald J. Wapner, Michael W. Varner, John M. Thorp, Steve N. Caritis, Alan T. N. Tita, George R. Saade, Dwight J. Rouse, Sean C. Blackwell, Jorge E. Tolosa
Summary: This study examines the factors associated with suboptimal receipt of antenatal corticosteroids (ANCS) among individuals who deliver between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation. The results show that there are significant variations in the administration and timing of ANCS among different hospitals, indicating opportunities for improvement.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mara J. Dinsmoor, Lynda G. Ugwu, Jennifer L. Bailit, Uma M. Reddy, Ronald J. Wapner, Michael W. Varner, John M. Thorp, Steve N. Caritis, Mona Prasad, Alan T. N. Tita, George R. Saade, Yoram Sorokin, Dwight J. Rouse, Sean C. Blackwell, Jorge E. Tolosa
Summary: Super morbid obesity is significantly associated with increased serious maternal morbidity and mortality; however, cesarean appears to mediate this association. Obesity and morbid obesity are not associated with maternal morbidity and mortality.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Daniel N. Pasko, Paula McGee, William A. Grobman, Jennifer L. Bailit, Uma M. Reddy, Ronald J. Wapner, Michael W. Varner, John M. Thorp, Steve N. Caritis, Mona Prasad, George R. Saade, Yoram Sorokin, Dwight J. Rouse, Jorge E. Tolosa
Summary: This study used the TGCS system to analyze cesarean delivery frequencies and identified term singletons in vertex presentation with a prior cesarean delivery as the primary contributors. It also found variations in cesarean delivery frequencies among hospitals and the influence of patient characteristics on these variations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ashley N. Battarbee, Lisa Mele, Mark B. Landon, Michael W. Varner, Brian M. Casey, Uma M. Reddy, Ronald J. Wapner, Dwight J. Rouse, John M. Thorp, Edward K. Chien, George Saade, Beth A. Plunkett, Sean C. Blackwell
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between mild gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and obesity with metabolic and cardiovascular markers 5 to 10 years after pregnancy. The results showed that prior GDM and obesity were associated with increased insulin resistance but no consistent cardiovascular dysfunction or alterations in insulin secretion.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Catherine S. Stika, Katherine L. Wisner, Alfred L. George, Michael J. Avram, Katelyn Zumpf, Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik, Gabrielle A. Mesches, Steve N. Caritis, Raman Venkataramanan, Maged M. Costantine, Holly A. West, Shannon Clark, Jody D. Ciolino
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of sertraline during pregnancy and the impact of pharmacogenetic variability on its elimination. The results showed that the ratio of sertraline concentration to dose decreased during pregnancy and was associated with CYP2C19 activity.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Karen C. Schliep, Hailey Mclean, Bin Yan, Fares Qeadan, Lauren H. Theilen, Adam de Havenon, Jennifer J. Majersik, Truls Ostbye, Surendra Sharma, Michael W. Varner
Summary: Previous meta-analyses have shown that women with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) have a 2- to 4-fold increased risk of later cardiovascular disease. This study aims to summarize the evidence for the impact of HDP on dementia and explore the unique associations between HDP and dementia subtypes.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ashley Battarbee, Lisa B. Mele, Mark W. Landon, Michael M. Varner, Brian M. Casey, Uma J. Reddy, Ronald J. Wapner, Dwight M. Rouse, John K. Thorp, Edward Chien, George M. Saade, Alan C. Peaceman, Sean Blackwell
Summary: This study aimed to measure the association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and long-term maternal metabolic and cardiovascular biomarkers. The results showed no association between HDP and metabolic or cardiovascular biomarkers, but patients with preeclampsia may have lower levels of oxidative stress/cardiac ischemia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Maged M. M. Costantine, Alan T. N. Tita, Lisa Mele, Brian M. M. Casey, Alan M. M. Peaceman, Michael W. W. Varner, Uma M. M. Reddy, Ronald J. J. Wapner, John M. M. Thorp, George R. R. Saade, Dwight J. J. Rouse, Baha Sibai, Brian M. M. Mercer, Steve N. N. Caritis
Summary: The study aimed to assess the association between being small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), or having a small or large head circumference (HC) at birth and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The results showed that SGA at birth was associated with a decrease in child IQ and higher odds of child IQ < 85 at 5 years of age, while LGA at birth was not associated with adverse outcomes. Using a fetal growth standard did not improve the detection of newborns at risk of adverse neurodevelopment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Michael W. Varner, Elizabeth A. Thom, C. Michael Cotten, Susan R. Hintz, Grier P. Page, Dwight J. Rouse, Brian M. Mercer, Maged M. Costantine, Yoram Sorokin, John M. Thorp Jr, Susan M. Ramin, Marshall W. Carpenter, Mary J. O'Sullivan, Alan M. Peaceman, George R. Saade, Donald J. Dudley, Steve N. Caritis
Summary: This study found genetic variants associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely low birth weight infants, including a variant in the SERPINE1 gene that is associated with cerebral palsy or death.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ann M. Bruno, Amanda A. Allshouse, Ashley E. Benson, Christian Con Yost, Torri D. Metz, Michael W. Varner, Robert M. Silver, D. Ware Branch
Summary: Thrombotic markers in pregnant individuals are not affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection, but a high rate of LAC positivity is common. The severity of the disease is not associated with D-dimer levels and LAC positivity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)