Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jinfang Song, Na Li, Ruonan Hu, Yanan Yu, Ke Xu, Hongwei Ling, Qian Lu, Tingting Yang, Tao Wang, Xiaoxing Yin
Summary: This study aimed to explore the impact of genetic variants in the PPARD on the therapeutic efficacy of exenatide. The results showed that the PPARD rs2016520 and rs3777744 polymorphisms were associated with the efficacy of exenatide monotherapy, possibly through influencing insulin resistance through affecting the expression of GLP-1R. The findings suggest the importance of genetic variants in personalized medicine and treatment response prediction.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Faraz Alizadeh, Amanda O'Halloran, Areej Alghamdi, Charlotte Chen, Maria Trissal, Avram Traum, Danielle DeCourcey
Summary: This is a novel case of a 16-month-old boy with a rare combination of prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction, microcephaly, pachygyria, agenesis of the corpus callosum, postnatal embolic stroke, new-onset diabetes mellitus with diabetic ketoacidosis, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, and atypical hemolytic syndrome (aHUS). The patient showed remarkable insulin resistance before aHUS diagnosis, which improved after eculizumab therapy, suggesting a potential connection between COVID-19 and complement-mediated microangiopathic thrombotic disease. Whole-exome sequencing did not reveal a clear etiology for aHUS, indicating that this could be a case of COVID-19-triggered aHUS rather than an idiopathic one unmasked by the infection.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jung Eun Yoo, Dahye Kim, Kyungdo Han, Sang Youl Rhee, Dong Wook Shin, Hyun Lee
Summary: The study found that there is an association between diabetes status and the development of tuberculosis. Individuals with diabetes have a higher risk of developing tuberculosis compared to those without diabetes, and the risk of tuberculosis increases with longer duration of diabetes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. G. Unnikrishnan, R. K. Sahay, Uday Phadke, S. K. Sharma, Parag Shah, Rishi Shukla, Vijay Viswanathan, S. K. Wangnoo, Santosh Singhal, Mathew John, Ajay Kumar, Mala Dharmalingam, Subodh Jain, Shehla Shaikh, Willem J. Verberk
Summary: Through studying newly diagnosed T2DM patients in India, it is found that they have high cardiovascular disease risk. This indicates the need for further extension of ASCVD risk identification programs and prevention strategies to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mohammad Reza Nazem, Mojgan Asadi, Maryam Adelipour, Niloofar Jabbari, Abdolamir Allameh
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of zinc supplementation on oxidative status and glycaemic parameters in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The results showed that zinc supplementation for 8 weeks significantly improved the oxidative balance and controlled the glycaemic indices in these patients.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shifteh Abedian, Ali Abbasi, Anthonius de Boer, Bruno H. Stricker, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Pim van der Harst, Sanaz Sedaghat, Maryam Darvishian, M. Arfan Ikram, Gerjan Navis, Abbas Dehghan, Ido Pen, Ronald P. Stolk, Harold Snieder, Olaf H. Klungel, Patrick Souverein, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh
Summary: Genetic determinants play a role in the development of co-morbid diseases in T2D patients, with certain SNPs identified to be associated with them. The study found that CVD was most common, followed by chronic eye disease, with potential involvement of specific SNPs like rs1870849 and rs8051326 in chronic eye disease incidence in T2D patients. Further research is needed to validate these associations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meng Li, Siqian Gong, Xueyao Han, Lingli Zhou, Simin Zhang, Qian Ren, Xiaoling Cai, Yingying Luo, Wei Liu, Yu Zhu, Xianghai Zhou, Yufeng Li, Linong Ji
Summary: This study explores the association between whole mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and diabetes and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The findings suggest that mtDNA variants are related to obesity, insulin levels, and the prevalence of DKD in patients with diabetes. These findings have important implications for personalized therapy and our understanding of mitochondrial diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qiaoli Zhou, Jing Yu, Xuewen Yuan, Chunli Wang, Ziyang Zhu, Aihua Zhang, Wei Gu
Summary: Defects in the insulin receptor gene can result in severe insulin resistance conditions, such as Donohue syndrome and type A insulin resistance. This study focused on three Chinese children with INSR-related insulin resistance syndrome, identifying novel variants and assessing their impact through genetic and functional analyses. The research characterized the clinical features of the patients, highlighted the pathogenicity of one novel variant, and suggested the tolerability of another based on experimental data.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarantis Livadas, Rodis Paparodis, Panagiotis Anagnostis, Alessandra Gambineri, Jelica Bjekic-Macut, Tijana Petrovic, Bulent O. Yildiz, Dragan Micic, George Mastorakos, Djuro Macut
Summary: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at higher risk for dysglycemia and type 2 diabetes compared to healthy BMI-matched women of reproductive age. The incidence of this disorder varies among studies, and there is no consensus on the best screening method and frequency. Universal screening with oral glucose tolerance test is suggested to identify and manage glycemic abnormalities in young women with PCOS, regardless of age or BMI status. Regular follow-up and lifestyle interventions, such as balanced diet and exercise, are important for this specific population.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Hong Zhang, Yujie Ben, Yonghe Han, Yong Zhang, Yu Li, Xinwang Chen
Summary: The meta-analysis showed a positive association between phthalate exposure and risk of DM, especially for MMP, MnBP, MiBP, MCPP, and DEHP metabolites. However, caution should be taken in interpreting the results due to the heterogeneous design of the enrolled studies.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lowell Dilworth, Aldeam Facey, Felix Omoruyi
Summary: Adipose tissues, particularly brown and white adipose tissues, play key roles in communication and insulin sensitivity in the development and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Adipocytokines produced by adipose tissues, like leptin and adiponectin, vary in conditions such as metabolic dysfunction, diabetes, and inflammation. The regulation of satiety, energy metabolism, and insulin release by adipose tissues indicates their significance in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
So Hee Park, Jiyun Park, So Yoon Kwon, You-Bin Lee, Gyuri Kim, Kyu Yeon Hur, Janghyun Koh, Jae Hwan Jee, Jae Hyeon Kim, Mira Kang, Sang-Man Jin
Summary: This study compared the risk of incident diabetes based on the definitions of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and found that the MAFLD group had a higher risk. Excessive alcohol consumption, hepatitis B virus (HBV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and metabolic dysfunction synergistically increased the risk of incident diabetes. The interaction between alcohol consumption, HBV/HCV infection, metabolic dysfunction, and hepatic steatosis is important for the development of diabetes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel G. Miller, Trevor J. Orchard, Tina Costacou
Summary: This study investigates the association between long-term glycemic control patterns and cardiovascular disease development in type 1 diabetes patients. Two distinct HbA1c trajectories were identified and shown to be associated with differential cardiovascular disease risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qingan Fu, Lijuan Hu, Yuan Xu, Yingping Yi, Long Jiang
Summary: The study found an inverse association between Lipoprotein(a) levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population. Male patients, especially those aged over 60 with Lipoprotein(a) levels > 28.72 mg/dL, are at low risk for type 2 diabetes.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Li Wang, Yanping Hou, Dexia Meng, Li Yang, Xiang Meng, Feng Liu
Summary: The relationship between vitamin B12 and folate levels during pregnancy and the risk of GDM remains unclear. Some studies suggest an increased risk of GDM with higher RBC folate levels, but most studies found no association between serum folate and the risk of GDM.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Heike Vogel, Anne Kamitz, Nicole Hallahan, Sandra Lebek, Tanja Schallschmidt, Wenke Jonas, Markus Jaehnert, Pascal Gottmann, Lisa Zellner, Timo Kanzleiter, Mareike Damen, Delsi Altenhofen, Ralph Burkhardt, Simone Renner, Maik Dahlhoff, Eckhard Wolf, Timo D. Mueller, Matthias Blueher, Hans-Georg Joost, Alexandra Chadt, Hadi Al-Hasani, Annette Schuermann
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2018)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ruediger Landgraf, Monika Kellerer, Jens Aberle, Eva-Maria Fach, Baptist Gallwitz, Andreas Hamann, Hans-Georg Joost, Harald Klein, Dirk Mueller-Wieland, Michael A. Nauck, Hans-Martin Reuter, Stephan Schreiber, Erhard Siegel
DIABETOLOGIE UND STOFFWECHSEL
(2018)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Caroline Willmann, Martin Heni, Katarzyna Linder, Robert Wagner, Norbert Stefan, Juergen Machann, Matthias B. Schulze, Hans-Georg Joost, Hans-Ulrich Haring, Andreas Fritsche
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2019)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ruediger Landgraf, Monika Kellerer, Jens Aberle, Eva-Maria Fach, Baptist Gallwitz, Andreas Hamann, Hans-Georg Joost, Harald Klein, Dirk Mueller-Wieland, Michael A. Nauck, Hans-Martin Reuter, Stephan Schreiber, Erhard Siegel
Review
Toxicology
Sabine Guth, Stephanie Hueser, Angelika Roth, Gisela Degen, Patrick Diel, Karolina Edlund, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Karl-Heinz Engel, Bernd Epe, Tilman Grune, Volker Heinz, Thomas Henle, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Henry Jaeger, Hans-Georg Joost, Sabine E. Kulling, Alfonso Lampen, Angela Mally, Rosemarie Marchan, Doris Marko, Eva Muehle, Michael A. Nitsche, Elke Roehrdanz, Richard Stadler, Christoph van Thriel, Stefan Vieths, Rudi F. Vogel, Edmund Wascher, Carsten Watzl, Ute Noethlings, Jan G. Hengstler
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kristin Schwerbel, Anne Kamitz, Natalie Krahmer, Nicole Hallahan, Markus Jaehnert, Pascal Gottmann, Sandra Lebek, Tanja Schallschmidt, Danny Arends, Fabian Schumacher, Burkhard Kleuser, Tom Haltenhof, Florian Heyd, Sofiya Gancheva, Karl W. Broman, Michael Roden, Hans-Georg Joost, Alexandra Chadt, Hadi Al-Hasani, Heike Vogel, Wenke Jonas, Annette Schuermann
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Heja Aga, Nicole Hallahan, Pascal Gottmann, Markus Jaehnert, Sophie Osburg, Gunnar Schulze, Anne Kamitz, Danny Arends, Gudrun Brockmann, Tanja Schallschmidt, Sandra Lebek, Alexandra Chadt, Hadi Al-Hasani, Hans-Georg Joost, Annette Schuermann, Heike Vogel
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hans-Georg Joost
Summary: Metformin, as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, has sustained hypoglycemic action and several beneficial non-glycemic effects, but gastrointestinal irritation and rare lactic acidosis should be taken into consideration.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sabine Guth, Angelika Roth, Barbara Engeli, Dirk W. Lachenmeier, Alexander T. Cartus, Stephanie Hueser, Matthias Baum, Patrick Diel, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Jan G. Hengstler, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Hans-Georg Joost, Alfonso Lampen, Marcel Leist, Doris Marko, Pablo Steinberg, Angela Mally, Juerg A. Zarn
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Toxicology
Sabine Guth, Stephanie Hueser, Angelika Roth, Gisela Degen, Patrick Diel, Karolina Edlund, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Karl-Heinz Engel, Bernd Epe, Tilman Grune, Volker Heinz, Thomas Henle, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Henry Jaeger, Hans-Georg Joost, Sabine E. Kulling, Alfonso Lampen, Angela Mally, Rosemarie Marchan, Doris Marko, Eva Muehle, Michael A. Nitsche, Elke Roehrdanz, Richard Stadler, Christoph van Thriel, Stefan Vieths, Rudi F. Vogel, Edmund Wascher, Carsten Watzl, Ute Noethlings, Jan G. Hengstler
Summary: Since the 1940s, there have been ongoing discussions about the benefits and risks of adding fluoride to drinking water. A recent review focused on assessing the risk of current exposure levels in Europe to human health. Despite inconsistent data, the evidence does not support the idea that fluoride should be considered a human developmental neurotoxicant at current exposure levels in European countries.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hans-Georg Joost
Summary: Metformin remains the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes due to its sustained hypoglycemic action and beneficial non-glycemic effects. These effects include anti-atherosclerotic action, moderate weight reduction, and reduced risk of diabetes-associated carcinoma. Though generally well-tolerated, gastrointestinal irritation can lead to discontinuation in some patients, and rare cases of lactic acidosis can occur if contraindications are not followed.
Editorial Material
Toxicology
Gerhard Eisenbrand, Matthias Baum, Alexander T. Cartus, Patrick Diel, Karl-Heinz Engel, Barbara Engeli, Bernd Epe, Tilman Grune, Sabine Guth, Dirk Haller, Volker Heinz, Michael Hellwig, Jan G. Hengstler, Thomas Henle, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Henry Jaeger, Hans-Georg Joost, Sabine Kulling, Dirk W. Lachenmeier, Alfonso Lampen, Marcel Leist, Angela Mally, Doris Marko, Ute Noethlings, Elke Roehrdanz, Angelika Roth, Joachim Spranger, Richard Stadler, Stefan Vieths, Wim Waetjen, Pablo Steinberg
Summary: After the ingestion of nitrate/nitrite and acetaldehyde/ethanol in diet, sustained exposure to nitrite and acetaldehyde may result in combination effects. These effects could affect the upper gastrointestinal tract locally and have systemic effects on the formation of N-nitroso compounds (NOC). Salivary concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, and acetaldehyde increase after ingestion, absorption, and distribution, reflecting their plasma kinetics and secretion through the salivary glands and microbial/enzymatic metabolism in the oral cavity. Combination effects in the oral cavity and upper digestive tract have not been extensively studied. This Guest Editorial reviews the evidence on exposure levels and biokinetics of nitrate/nitrite/NOx, NOC, and acetaldehyde, and identifies knowledge gaps on combination effects. Further research is needed to address these unresolved issues.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jan G. Hengstler, Matthias Baum, Alexander T. Cartus, Patrick Diel, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Karl-Heinz Engel, Barbara Engeli, Bernd Epe, Tilman Grune, Sabine Guth, Dirk Haller, Volker Heinz, Michael Hellwig, Thomas Henle, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Henry Jaeger, Hans-Georg Joost, Sabine E. Kulling, Dirk W. Lachenmeier, Alfonso Lampen, Marcel Leist, Angela Mally, Doris Marko, Ute Noethlings, Elke Roehrdanz, Angelika Roth, Joachim Spranger, Richard Stadler, Pablo Steinberg, Stefan Vieths, Wim Waetjen
Summary: Acetaldehyde is naturally present in many foods and used as a flavoring agent. However, there is uncertainty regarding its carcinogenicity and genotoxic potential after oral exposure. Due to incomplete data and concerns about its genotoxicity, a science-based health risk assessment for the use of acetaldehyde as a flavoring agent is not currently possible. Therefore, a re-evaluation of the use of acetaldehyde as a food additive is recommended for precautionary consumer protection.
JOURNAL OF CONSUMER PROTECTION AND FOOD SAFETY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Sabine Guth, Matthias Baum, Alexander T. Cartus, Patrick Diel, Karl-Heinz Engel, Barbara Engeli, Bernd Epe, Tilman Grune, Dirk Haller, Volker Heinz, Michael Hellwig, Jan G. Hengstler, Thomas Henle, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Henry Jaeger, Hans-Georg Joost, Sabine E. Kulling, Dirk W. Lachenmeier, Alfonso Lampen, Marcel Leist, Angela Mally, Doris Marko, Ute Noethlings, Elke Roehrdanz, Angelika Roth, Joachim Spranger, Richard Stadler, Pablo Steinberg, Stefan Vieths, Wim Waetjen, Gerhard Eisenbrand
Summary: This opinion from the SKLM presents arguments for an updated risk assessment of acrylamide (AA) exposure in diet, based on a critical review of relevant scientific evidence. The SKLM concludes that as long as exposure limits for AA are not exceeded, genotoxic effects leading to carcinogenicity are unlikely to occur. Considering the totality of evidence, the SKLM deems it scientifically justified to establish a tolerable daily intake (TDI) as a health-based guidance value.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kristin Muehlenbruch, Rebecca Paprott, Hans-Georg Joost, Heiner Boeing, Christin Heidemann, Matthias B. Schulze
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2018)