Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robinson Ramirez-Velez, Antonio Garcia-Hermoso, Maria Correa-Rodriguez, Joaquin Fernandez-Irigoyen, Sara Palomino-Echeverria, Enrique Santamaria, Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista, Katherine Gonzalez-Ruiz, Mikel Izquierdo
Summary: Obesity-related metabolic risk factors in overweight/obese adolescents may be associated with systemic low-grade inflammation. Implementing a 6-month exercise program can significantly change inflammatory levels and prevent obesity-related metabolic diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lisiane Tuon, Natalia Santos Tramontin, Isis Custodio, Vitor Hugo Comim, Barbara Costa, Lariani Tamires Witt Tietbohl, Alexandre Pastoris Muller
Summary: Intellectual disability (ID) is a condition characterized by limitations in cognitive development and adaptive behavior. This study investigated potential biomarkers for ID using clinical assessment, standardized tests, and blood samples. Decreased levels of FKN, NGF- β, and vitamin B12, as well as increased levels of DCFH and nitrite, were found in the ID group. Positive correlations were observed between certain biomarkers and specific domains on the WISC-IV test. TNF- α and oxidative stress biomarkers suggest a complex etiology for ID, requiring further research for better understanding and effective treatments.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Charalampia Amerikanou, Stamatia-Angeliki Kleftaki, Sotirios Karavoltsos, Dimitra Tagkouli, Aikaterini Sakellari, Evdokia Valsamidou, Aristea Gioxari, Nick Kalogeropoulos, Andriana C. Kaliora
Summary: The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally and has negative effects on the socioeconomic system. Metals and metalloids have significant effects on the immune system and metabolism, and are influenced by factors related to obesity. Further research is needed to understand the association between metals/metalloids and obesity-related metabolic abnormalities, highlighting the importance of inflammation and oxidative stress.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Libor Vitek, Alena Jiraskova, Ivana Malikova, Gabriela Dostalova, Lenka Eremiasova, Vilem Danzig, Ales Linhart, Martin Haluzik
Summary: The study showed that serum bilirubin levels are positively correlated with total antioxidant status and negatively related to inflammatory markers. Patients with atherosclerosis have higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation compared to healthy subjects.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Camila Duarte, Victoria Boccardi, Patricia Amaro Andrade, Aline Cristine Souza Lopes, Paul F. Jacques
Summary: Dairy intake appears to have a protective effect on some cardiovascular risk factors, particularly reducing total cholesterol, waist circumference, and increasing HDL cholesterol. However, it can also lead to increases in LDL and triglycerides, although these changes are minimal. The effect of dairy on serum lipids varies depending on the type of dairy product used, and compared to other animal sources of SFA, dairy products seem to improve metabolic parameters.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hiroaki Okawa, Danielle Monniaux, Chihiro Mizokami, Atsushi Fujikura, Toshihiro Takano, Satoko Sato, Urara Shinya, Chiho Kawashima, Osamu Yamato, Yasuo Fushimi, Peter L. A. M. Vos, Masayasu Taniguchi, Mitsuhiro Takagi
Summary: The study found a relationship between changes in anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) concentration during the peripartum period and the systemic inflammation status of dairy cows, with excessive inflammation potentially affecting AMH levels and subsequently the reproductive prognosis of postpartum cows. Investigating the mechanisms of perinatal AMH changes and the beneficial effects of AMH could improve reproductive efficacy in the dairy industry.
Review
Immunology
Abigail R. Basson, Christy Chen, Filip Sagl, Ashley Trotter, Ilya Bederman, Adrian Gomez-Nguyen, Mark S. Sundrud, Sanja Ilic, Fabio Cominelli, Alex Rodriguez-Palacios
Summary: With the rise of human obesity, dietary fats have become the focus of biomedical research. High-fat diets, particularly rich in long-chain saturated fatty acids, have pro-inflammatory effects on multiple organs, while certain saturated fats like lauric and myristic acids may have anti-inflammatory and protective properties. Although some effects observed in epidemiological studies may oversimplify the mechanisms, it is essential to understand the complex interactions between the host, specific fatty acids, and genetics/variations of gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Ariadna Gomez-Vilarrubla, Berta Mas-Pares, Silvia Xargay-Torrent, Anna Prats-Puig, Elsa Puerto-Carranza, Francis de Zegher, Lourdes Ibanez, Judit Bassols, Abel Lopez-Bermejo
Summary: GDF-15 is positively associated with immunoglobulin levels in apparently healthy children, especially in those with higher body mass index or renal fat accumulation, suggesting a potential role of GDF-15 in regulating the immune adaptive system in human obesity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qianhuang Xiao, Wenqi Huang, Quanyong Wu, Hedi Xu, Yanli Zhang, Jingrui Yang, Shuigen Bian, Huizi Tan, Shaoping Nie
Summary: A sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, and antibiotic use have been associated with an increased incidence of metabolic disorders and inflammation. This study focused on the effects of pectin, an edible polysaccharide, with different esterification degrees on mice treated with a high-fat diet and low-dose antibiotics. The results showed that different types of pectin had differential effects on metabolic health, inflammatory markers, gut microbiota, and serum metabolome.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christa Meisinger, Dennis Freuer, Achim Bub, Jakob Linseisen
Summary: This study found that in individuals with very high levels of inflammation, PON1 activity may be impaired, leading to a higher risk for cardiometabolic diseases. Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate whether measuring PON1 activity along with lipid profiles and inflammatory markers can improve the prediction of cardiometabolic diseases in middle-aged individuals from the general population.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Hernandez-Aguilera, Nuria Casacuberta, Helena Castane, Montserrat Fibla, Salvador Fernandez-Arroyo, Isabel Fort-Gallifa, Marta Paris, Fatima Sabench, Daniel Del Castillo, Gerard Baiges-Gaya, Elisabet Rodriguez-Tomas, Teresa Sans, Jordi Camps, Jorge Joven
Summary: NASH in obese patients is associated with changes in iron metabolism, which can be reversed by LSG surgery. Severe forms of NASH can be found even in the absence of increased iron stores.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Caleb Mclachlan, Richard Shelton, Li Li
Summary: There is a bidirectional relationship between adolescent depression and obesity, with inflammation playing a role in both disorders. This study aims to investigate the impact of inflammation on the association between obesity and depression.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annamaria D'Alessandro, Giovina Di Felice, Melania Manco, Anna Pastore, Simona Pezzi, Michela Mariani, Danilo Fintini, Andrea Onetti Muda, Ottavia Porzio
Summary: Obesity is a serious public health challenge that is closely linked to oxidative stress and metabolic disorders. This study analyzed serum samples from children with obesity and found abnormal levels of oxidative stress markers, which were positively correlated with obesity-related indices. Age was also found to be associated with oxidative stress.
Article
Oncology
Mira Lanki, Hanna Seppanen, Harri Mustonen, Aino Salmiheimo, Ulf-Hakan Stenman, Marko Salmi, Sirpa Jalkanen, Caj Haglund
Summary: In this study, hs-CRP and seven cytokines were identified as potential prognostic factors for survival prediction in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seulmin Hong, Seon Kyeong Park, Jangho Lee, Soo Hyun Park, Young-Soo Kim, Jae-Ho Park, Seungmin Yu, Yu Geon Lee
Summary: Patulin (PAT) is a natural mycotoxin found in decaying pome fruits. Recent research has shown that PAT has anticancer and antifungal effects, but its effects on other metabolic diseases, such as obesity, have not been thoroughly studied. This study found that PAT treatment reduced lipid accumulation, suppressed glucose and LDL uptake, inhibited lipid deposition and triglyceride synthesis, upregulated fatty acid oxidation-related genes, downregulated adipogenic/lipogenic genes, enhanced mitochondrial respiration and mass, alleviated inflammatory response, and restored mitochondrial oxidative function. These findings suggest that PAT may have potential in preventing lipid accumulation and inflammation-related disorders.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Olli Raitakari, Noora Kartiosuo, Katja Pahkala, Nina Hutri-Kahonen, Lydia A. Bazzano, Wei Chen, Elaine M. Urbina, David R. Jacobs Jr, Alan Sinaiko, Julia Steinberger, Trudy Burns, Stephen R. Daniels, Alison Venn, Jessica G. Woo, Terry Dwyer, Markus Juonala, Jorma Viikari
Summary: Elevated Lp(a) level in youth is associated with increased risk of adult atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease outcomes, but not with increased carotid intima-media thickness. This conclusion was derived from two similar studies.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ravi Shah, Lyn M. Steffen, Matthew Nayor, Jared P. Reis, David R. Jacobs Jr, Norrina B. Allen, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Katie Meyer, Joanne Cole, Paolo Piaggi, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Clary B. Clish, Venkatesh L. Murthy
Summary: Metabolite signatures of diet are associated with long-term CM-CVD independent of lifestyle and traditional risk factors. Metabolomics improves precision to identify adverse consequences and pathways of diet-related CM-CVD.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Drew R. R. Nannini, Yinan Zheng, Brian T. Joyce, Kyeezu Kim, Tao Gao, Jun Wang, David R. R. Jacobs, Pamela J. J. Schreiner, Kristine Yaffe, Philip Greenland, Donald M. M. Lloyd-Jones, Lifang Hou
Summary: The study reveals the association between marijuana use and DNA methylation levels, with a stronger correlation in recent and cumulative users. The research also identifies pathways and diseases related to cellular proliferation, hormone signaling, infections, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and substance-related disorders.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kelley Pettee Gabriel, Byron C. Jaeger, Cora E. Lewis, Stephen Sidney, Erin E. Dooley, Mercedes R. Carnethon, David R. Jacobs, Bjoern Hornikel, Jared P. Reis, Pamela J. Schreiner, JamesM. Shikany, Kara M. Whitaker, Alexander Arynchyn, Barbara Sternfeld
Summary: This study found that higher early-adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness and greater retention of early-adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness throughout midlife were associated with a lower risk of premature death and CVD events.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brian T. Steffen, David R. Jacobs, So-Yun Yi, Simon J. Lees, James M. Shikany, James G. Terry, Cora E. Lewis, John J. Carr, Xia Zhou, Lyn M. Steffen
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether long-term intake of artificial sweeteners and diet beverages is associated with higher fat deposition and risk of obesity. The results showed that long-term intake of sweeteners and diet beverages was associated with increased fat deposition, weight gain, and higher risk of obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Maryam Kavousi, Maxime M. Bos, Hanna J. Barnes, Christian L. Lino Cardenas, Doris Wong, Haojie Lu, Chani J. Hodonsky, Lennart P. L. Landsmeer, Adam W. Turner, Minjung Kho, Natalie R. Hasbani, Paul S. de Vries, Donald W. Bowden, Sandesh Chopade, Joris Deelen, Ernest Diez Benavente, Xiuqing Guo, Edith Hofer, Shih-Jen Hwang, Sharon M. Lutz, Leo-Pekka Lyytikaeinen, Lotte Slenders, Albert V. Smith, Maggie A. Stanislawski, Jessica van Setten, Quenna Wong, Lisa R. Yanek, Diane M. Becker, Marian Beekman, Matthew J. Budoff, Mary F. Feitosa, Chris Finan, Austin T. Hilliard, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Jason C. Kovacic, Brian G. Kral, Carl D. Langefeld, Lenore J. Launer, Shaista Malik, Firdaus A. A. Mohamed Hoesein, Michal Mokry, Reinhold Schmidt, Jennifer A. Smith, Kent D. Taylor, James G. Terry, Jeroen van der Grond, Joyce van Meurs, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Jianzhao Xu, Kendra A. Young, Nuno R. Zilhao, Robert Zweiker, Themistocles L. Assimes, Lewis C. Becker, Daniel Bos, J. Jeffrey Carr, L. Adrienne Cupples, Dominique P. v. de Kleijn, Menno de Winther, Hester M. den Ruijter, Myriam Fornage, Barry I. Freedman, Vilmundur Gudnason, Aroon D. Hingorani, John E. Hokanson, M. Arfan Ikram, Ivana Isgum, David R. Jacobs, Mika Kaehoenen, Leslie A. Lange, Terho Lehtimaeki, Gerard Pasterkamp, Olli T. Raitakari, Helena Schmidt, P. Eline Slagboom, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Meike W. Vernooij, Joshua C. Bis, Nora Franceschini, Bruce M. Psaty, Wendy S. Post, Jerome I. Rotter, Johan L. M. Bjoerkegren, Christopher J. O'Donnell, Lawrence F. Bielak, Patricia A. Peyser, Rajeev Malhotra, Sander W. van der Laan, Clint L. Miller
Summary: This study conducted a large-scale analysis and identified eleven new risk loci for coronary artery calcification (CAC), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis. These new loci are related to bone mineralization, phosphate catabolism, and hormone metabolic pathways. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the genetic architecture of CAC and provide potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Karla N. Kendrick, Hyunju Kim, Casey M. Rebholz, Elizabeth Selvin, Lyn M. Steffen, Stephen P. Juraschek
Summary: The type of plant-based diet may affect the risk of hospitalization with respiratory infections or any infection. A healthy plant-based diet and a higher plant-based diet index were associated with a lower risk of hospitalization for respiratory infections and any infections, while an unhealthy plant-based diet showed no significant associations with hospitalization risk.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lisa de las Fuentes, Karen L. M. Schwander, Michael R. Brown, Amy R. Bentley, Thomas W. Winkler, Yun Ju Sung, Patricia B. Munroe, Clint L. Miller, Hugo Aschard, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Lawrence F. Bielak, Jin Fang Chai, Ching-Yu Cheng, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Mary F. Feitosa, Xiuqing Guo, Fernando P. Hartwig, Andrea Horimoto, Ivana Kolcic, Elise Lim, Yongmei Liu, Alisa K. Manning, Jonathan Marten, Solomon K. Musani, Raymond Noordam, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Tuomo Rankinen, Melissa A. Richard, Paul M. Ridker, Albert V. Smith, Dina Vojinovic, Alan B. Zonderman, Maris Alver, Mathilde Boissel, Kaare Christensen, Barry I. Freedman, Chuan Gao, Franco Giulianini, Sarah E. Harris, Meian He, Fang-Chi Hsu, Brigitte Kuehnel, Federica Laguzzi, Xiaoyin Li, Leo-Pekka Lyytikainen, Ilja M. Nolte, Alaitz Poveda, Rainer Rauramaa, Muhammad Riaz, Antonietta Robino, Tamar Sofer, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Bamidele O. Tayo, Peter J. van der Most, Niek Verweij, Erin B. Ware, Stefan Weiss, Wanqing Wen, Lisa R. Yanek, Yiqiang Zhan, Najaf Amin, Dan E. Arking, Christie Ballantyne, Eric Boerwinkle, Jennifer A. Brody, Ulrich Broeckel, Archie Campbell, Mickael Canouil, Xiaoran Chai, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Xu Chen, Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala, Maria Pina Concas, Ulf de Faire, Renee de Mutsert, H. Janaka de Silva, Paul S. de Vries, Ahn Do, Jessica D. Faul, Virginia Fisher, James S. Floyd, Terrence Forrester, Yechiel Friedlander, Giorgia Girotto, C. Charles Gu, Goeran Hallmans, Sami Heikkinen, Chew-Kiat Heng, Georg Homuth, Steven Hunt, M. Arfan Ikram, David R. Jacobs, Maryam Kavousi, Chiea Chuen Khor, Tuomas O. Kilpelainen, Woon-Puay Koh, Pirjo Komulainen, Carl D. Langefeld, Jingjing Liang, Kiang Liu, Jianjun Liu, Kurt Lohman, Reedik Magi, Ani W. Manichaikul, Colin A. McKenzie, Thomas Meitinger, Yuri Milaneschi, Matthias Nauck, Christopher P. Nelson, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Nicholette D. Palmer, Alexandre C. Pereira, Thomas Perls, Annette Peters, Ozren Polasek, Olli T. Raitakari, Kenneth Rice, Treva K. Rice, Stephen S. Rich, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Pamela J. Schreiner, Xiao-Ou Shu, Stephen Sidney, Mario Sims, Jennifer A. Smith, John M. Starr, Konstantin Strauch, E. Shyong Tai, Kent D. Taylor, Michael Y. Tsai, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Diana van Heemst, Melanie Waldenberger, Ya-Xing Wang, Wen-Bin Wei, Gregory Wilson, Deng Xuan, Jie Yao, Caizheng Yu, Jian-Min Yuan, Wei Zhao, Diane M. Becker, Amelie Bonnefond, Donald W. Bowden, Richard S. Cooper, Ian J. Deary, Jasmin Divers, Tonu Esko, Paul W. Franks, Philippe Froguel, Christian Gieger, Jost B. Jonas, Norihiro Kato, Timo A. Lakka, Karin Leander, Terho Lehtimaki, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Kari E. North, Ioanna Ntalla, Brenda Penninx, Nilesh J. Samani, Harold Snieder, Beatrice Spedicati, Pim van der Harst, Henry Voelzke, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, David R. Weir, Mary K. Wojczynski, Tangchun Wu, Wei Zheng, Xiaofeng Zhu, Claude Bouchard, Daniel Chasman, Michele Evans, Ervin R. Fox, Vilmundur Gudnason, Caroline Hayward, Bernardo L. Horta, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Jose Eduardo Krieger, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Patricia A. Peyser, Michael M. Province, Bruce M. Psaty, Igor Rudan, Xueling Sim, Blair H. Smith, Rob M. van Dam, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Tien Yin Wong, Donna K. Arnett, Dabeeru C. Rao, James Gauderman, Ching-Ti Liu, Alanna C. Morrison, Jerome I. Rotter, Myriam Fornage
Summary: This study conducted a genome-wide meta-analysis to investigate the interaction between educational attainment and lipid levels. They identified novel lipid loci that were not previously detected by analyses limited to main genetic effects. The study also highlighted the potential importance of brain-adipose-liver communication in lipid metabolism and identified gene targets that interact with drugs approved by the FDA.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel J. Mcdonough, Mahesh Mathew, Zachary C. Pope, Pamela J. Schreiner, David R. Jacobs Jr, Lisa B. Vanwagner, John Jeffrey Carr, James G. Terry, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, Jared P. Reis, Mark A. Pereira
Summary: This study examined the association between lifestyle factors and NAFLD and found that regular moderate-vigorous aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities, along with reduced television viewing time, significantly reduce the risk of NAFLD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Junia N. de Brito, Daniel J. McDonough, Mahesh Mathew, Lisa B. VanWagner, Pamela J. Schreiner, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, David R. Jacobs Jr, James G. Terry, John Jeffrey Carr, Mark A. Pereira
Summary: This study found that higher levels of vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) throughout young to middle adulthood were associated with a reduced risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in middle age.
Article
Biology
Chaojie Yang, Jenna Veenstra, Traci M. Bartz, Matthew C. Pahl, Brian Hallmark, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Jason Westra, Lyn M. Steffen, Christopher D. Brown, David Siscovick, Michael Y. Tsai, Alexis C. Wood, Stephen S. Rich, Caren E. Smith, Timothy D. O'Connor, Dariush Mozaffarian, Struan F. A. Grant, Floyd H. Chilton, Nathan L. Tintle, Rozenn N. Lemaitre, Ani Manichaikul
Summary: A genome-wide association study of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in Hispanic American and African American participants confirmed the genetic signals near the FADS locus and identified two additional signals within 200 kb. Novel signals for arachidonic acid were also found in Hispanic Americans, including a missense variant in the POLD4 gene that is unique to this population.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Masoud Isanejad, Lyn M. Steffen, James G. Terry, James M. Shikany, Xia Zhou, David R. Jacobs Jr, John Jeffrey Carr, Brian T. Steffen
Summary: Improving diet quality may contribute to better body composition. This study found that healthier food choices may influence body composition.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Gabor Szalo, Margareta I. Hellgren, Matthew Allison, Ying Li, Lennart Rastam, Karin Radholm, Entela Bollano, Daniel A. Duprez, David R. Jacobs, Ulf Lindblad, Bledar Daka
Summary: The association between arterial elasticity obtained by radial artery pulse wave analysis and risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) was investigated. The study found a significant increase in the risk for incident CVD with each quartile decrease in arterial elasticity.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Paolo Emilio Puddu, Alessandro Menotti, David R. Jacobs, Hisashi Adachi, Antony Kafatos, Hanna Tolonen
Summary: This study examined the age at death and its determinants in cohorts of middle-aged men. The results showed that cardiovascular disease risk factors were strongly associated with age at death. Other factors such as age, physical activity, and smoking status were also related to age at death.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
