Article
Food Science & Technology
Ben Wu, Xirui Zhou, Imre Blank, Yuan Liu
Summary: This study used EEG technology to investigate the responsive regions of the brain to umami taste. The results showed that the most responsive frequency to umami taste was 2 Hz, and the most responsive brain regions were T4CzA2, F8CzA2, and Fp2CzA2. The study also found higher sensitivity to umami taste in the right brain region. This research provides potential for further exploring the relevance between different brain responses to umami taste.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Young Erben, Yupeng Li, Osman S. Hamid, Camila Franco-Mesa, Joao A. Da Rocha-Franco, Samuel Money, William Stone, Houssam Farres, Andrew J. Meltzer, Peter Gloviczki, Randall R. De Martino, Thomas C. Bower, Manju Kalra, Gustavo S. Oderich, Albert G. Hakaim
Summary: After EVAR, female patients are more likely to require return to the operating room, have longer lengths of hospital stay, more days in the ICU, and be discharged to rehabilitation facilities more often compared to male patients.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Indya del-Cuerpo, Daniel Jerez-Mayorga, Luis Javier Chirosa-Rios, Maria Dolores Morenas-Aguilar, Miguel Mariscal-Arcas, Alejandro Lopez-Moro, Pedro Delgado-Floody
Summary: The main objective of this study was to determine the differences in energy expenditure according to sex during and after two different squat training protocols in a group of healthy young adults. The results showed that males consistently demonstrated higher energy expenditure in all sessions and intensities, and sex and BMI were found to influence energy expenditure in healthy young adults. Coaches should consider sex when assessing energy expenditure, as the metabolic response differs between males and females.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jiajia Liu, Ferry Slik, Shilu Zheng, David B. Lindenmayer
Summary: The extinction risk of newly described species has significantly increased over time, with the proportion of threatened species rising from 11.9% to 30.0% in the past decade. Projections suggest that this percentage could further increase to 47.1% by 2050. This pattern is consistent across vertebrate taxonomic groups and biomes, indicating that current estimates of species extinction rates are likely to be underestimated. Intensive fieldwork to discover new species and immediate conservation action, particularly in tropical areas, is urgently needed.
CONSERVATION LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Parveen Sobia, Thevani Pillay, Lenine J. P. Liebenberg, Aida Sivro, Leila E. Mansoor, Farzana Osman, Jo-Ann S. Passmore, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Salim S. Abdool Karim, Cheryl Baxter, Lyle R. McKinnon, Derseree Archary
Summary: This study investigated the impact of genital inflammation on antibody isotypes and IgG subclasses in the female genital tract before HIV infection. It found that women with genital inflammation had significantly higher levels of IgM, IgG1, IgG3, IgG4 compared to those without. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly correlated with higher levels of mucosal antibodies, suggesting a potential link between local inflammation and mucosal antibody profiles.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Asher Preska Steinberg, Mingzhi Lin, Edo Kussell
Summary: Recombination plays a key role in microbial evolution and affects antibiotic resistance, antigenic variation, and adaptation to different environments. This study quantifies the impact of homologous recombination on core and accessory genes in bacteria using a computationally efficient approach. The results show that core genes have higher recombination rates compared to accessory genes, and in some bacterial species, this difference is pronounced. Additionally, gene frequency and homologous recombination rate are positively correlated in some species.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Kalimeri, John J. Totman, Thomas Baum, Maximilian N. Diefenbach, Hans Hauner, Marcus R. Makowski, Karupppasamy Subburaj, David Cameron-Smith, Christiani Jeyakumar Henry, Dimitrios C. Karampinos, Daniela Junker
Summary: A study revealed that postmenopausal Asian women have higher visceral fat content compared to Caucasian women of the same age and BMI, with no significant correlation between BMI and visceral fat content in the Asian group. Further research is needed to understand the impact of this increased visceral fat on cardio-metabolic health, and there is a call to emphasize healthy lifestyle behaviors in non-obese postmenopausal women of Chinese ancestry.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Madeline Smith-Johnson
Summary: This study reveals that transgender adults have a higher probability of reporting disabilities compared to their cisgender peers in the US. The adjusted probabilities show that transgender adults have a 27% chance of having at least one disability at age twenty and a 39% chance at age fifty-five, nearly twice the rate of their cisgender counterparts at both ages. The findings underscore the importance of considering disability from a life-course perspective, the impact of intersectional identities on disability risk, and the urgency of targeted health interventions for transgender individuals in the US.
Article
Oncology
Guilherme Jorge Costa, Gustavo Telles da Silva, Carlos Gil Ferreira, Maria Julia Goncalves de Mello, Anke Bergmann, Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler
Summary: This retrospective cohort study of 1283 lung cancer patients in Brazil found that women with lung cancer were younger, more likely to be nonsmokers, diagnosed with adenocarcinoma, in early stages of the disease, received surgery or surgery combined with chemotherapy, and had a higher overall survival rate compared to men. Cox regression analysis indicated that women were 16% less likely to die than men, suggesting a gender difference in survival rates for lung cancer in Brazil.
CLINICAL LUNG CANCER
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nahal Habibi, Katherine M. Livingstone, Suzanne Edwards, Jessica A. Grieger
Summary: The study found that a small percentage of reproductive aged women meet recommendations for fruit and meat consumption, while less than 20% meet recommendations for vegetables, grains, and dairy. Although there was no significant difference in overall Dietary Guideline Index scores, older women scored higher in specific components related to saturated fat, low-fat milk consumption, and salt intake during cooking. Continued health promotion for women of reproductive age should be a key focus for improving their own health and that of future generations.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Leila Setayesh, Abbas Amini, Reza Bagheri, Nariman Moradi, Habib Yarizadeh, Omid Asbaghi, Krista Casazza, Mir Saeed Yekaninejad, Alexei Wong, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Khadijeh Mirzaei
Summary: Lower concentrations of HDL and higher values of FMI are associated with higher concentrations of DBP in overweight and obese women. No significant relationships were observed among 25(OH)D and target variables. These findings provide new insight into the relationship between DBP and metabolic factors in overweight and obese women, but the causal relationship between DBP and target variables needs further consideration.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christiaan van Wees, Wim Rietdijk, Loes Mandigers, Marisa van der Graaf, Niels T. B. Scholte, Karst O. Adriaansens, Remco C. M. van den Berg, Corstiaan A. den Uil
Summary: After adjusting for cardiac arrest characteristics, there was no difference found between women and men in terms of 90-day mortality, ICU length of stay, and CPC score among OHCA patients admitted to the ICU.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Melinda Wang, Chiung-Yu Huang, Giuseppe Cullaro, Kenneth Covinsky, Jennifer C. Lai
Summary: Women candidates for liver transplantation have lower self-rated health compared to men, and there is also a discrepancy between self-rated and clinician-rated health. These findings emphasize the importance of conducting quality-based research to understand patient perception of health and provide more comprehensive, quality-driven care.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Poonam Chaudhary, Abhishek Goyal, S. K. Goel, Ashok Kumar, Swanzel Chaudhary, Shashwat Kirti Keshri, Rashmi Phadke Subhedar
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and found that MS was highly prevalent in the OSA population at 72.7%, with a higher prevalence of MS in female OSA patients (88%) compared to males (68%). Screening for MS in all OSA patients is recommended for early intervention to prevent cardiovascular complications.
Article
Forestry
Caroline Signori-Mueller, David Galbraith, Julia Tavares, Simone M. Reis, Francisco C. Diniz, Martin Gilpin, Beatriz S. Marimon, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Camila Borges, Bruno B. L. Cintra, Sarah Miao, Paulo S. Morandi, Alex Nina, Carlos A. Salas Yupayccana, Manuel J. Marca Zevallos, Eric G. Cosio, Ben H. Marimon Junior, Abel M. Mendoza, Oliver Phillips, Norma Salinas, Rodolfo Vasquez, Maurizio Mencuccini, Rafael S. Oliveira
Summary: Lianas, as important components of tropical forests, compete with host trees for resources, leading to decreased tree growth and increased tree mortality. However, their impact on the carbon dynamics of host trees is not significant. Lianas have higher non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) concentrations compared to trees.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Raul Alfaro, Tasha Doty, Anagha Narayanan, Heather Lugar, Tamara Hershey, M. Yanina Pepino
ORPHANET JOURNAL OF RARE DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Pediatrics
Jillian C. Trabulsi, Alissa D. Smethers, Jessica R. Eosso, Mia A. Papas, Virginia A. Stallings, Julie A. Mennella
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Danielle R. Reed, Amber L. Alhadeff, Gary K. Beauchamp, Nirupa Chaudhari, Valerie B. Duffy, Monica Dus, Alfredo Fontanini, John Glendinning, Barry G. Green, Paule Joseph, George A. Kyriazis, Mark Lyte, Padma Maruvada, John P. McGann, John T. McLaughlin, Timothy H. Moran, Claire Murphy, Emily E. Noble, M. Yanina Pepino, Jennifer L. Pluznick, Kristina Rother, Enrique Saez, Alan C. Spector, Catia Sternini, Richard D. Mattes
Summary: The workshop discussed the need to optimize human chemosensory testing and assessment, the plasticity of chemosensory systems, and the interplay of chemosensory signals, cognitive signals, dietary intake, and metabolism. Research priorities identified included refining methods for measuring chemosensation in large cohort studies, characterizing interindividual differences in chemosensory function, defining circuit-level organization and function, and discovering new ligands for chemosensory receptors. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need to understand the effects of the virus on flavor perception and the potential long-term implications for health and nutrition policy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Melania Melis, Stefano Pintus, Mariano Mastinu, Giovanni Fantola, Roberto Moroni, Marta Yanina Pepino, Iole Tomassini Barbarossa
Summary: Bariatric surgery can improve taste and smell functions, as well as eating behavior. Genetic factors play an important role in these changes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paule Joseph, Julie A. Mennella, Beverly J. Cowart, M. Yanina Pepino
Summary: The Taste Detection Threshold (TDT) test is a reliable method for measuring sweet, salty, and umami taste detection thresholds from childhood to adulthood. This test provides information on taste perception independent of hedonics, and can change with aging and certain disease states, making it a valuable psychophysical test.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Julie A. Mennella, Alissa D. Smethers, Jessica E. Decker, Michelle T. Delahanty, Virginia A. Stallings, Jillian C. Trabulsi
Summary: This study found that the type of randomized infant formula fed, early weight gain velocity, nutrient content of the post-formula diet, and maternal snack food practices have independent and interactive effects on toddlers' weight status. Increased intake of added sugars may lead to higher energy needs and overweight in toddlers.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Julie A. Mennella, Yun Li, Kyle Bittinger, Elliot S. Friedman, Chunyu Zhao, Hongzhe Li, Gary D. Wu, Jillian C. Trabulsi
Summary: This study investigated the associations among infant formula composition, gut microbial composition and maturation, and children's weight status. The results suggest that differences in macronutrient composition of the formulas may lead to differences in gut microbiota composition, which are associated with rapid weight gain and the risk of childhood obesity.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ha Nguyen, Javier Albayay, Richard Hochenberger, Surabhi Bhutani, Sanne Boesveldt, Niko A. Busch, Ilja Croijmans, Keiland W. Cooper, Jasper H. B. de Groot, Michael C. Farruggia, Alexander W. Fjaeldstad, John E. Hayes, Thomas Hummel, Paule Joseph, Tatiana K. Laktionova, Thierry Thomas-Danguin, Maria G. Veldhuizen, Vera V. Voznessenskaya, Valentina Parma, M. Yanina Pepino, Kathrin Ohla
Summary: People often confuse smell loss with taste loss. Our study aimed to investigate the extent of taste loss in patients who self-report taste loss. Through an online survey and chemosensory tests, we found that COVID-19-positive individuals reported a significant reduction in taste, smell, and oral irritation intensity compared to individuals without respiratory illness. This suggests that assessing the intensity of household items may be a promising screening tool for taste dysfunction.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alissa D. Smethers, Jillian C. Trabulsi, Virginia A. Stallings, Mia A. Papas, Julie A. Mennella
Summary: Using linear mixed-effects models, we found that lactation and prepregnancy BMI status have independent effects on postpartum BMI changes. Lactation can help overweight mothers lose weight better, while non-lactating overweight mothers are more likely to experience weight gain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julie A. Mennella, Mengyuan Kan, Elizabeth D. Lowenthal, Luis R. Saraiva, Joel D. Mainland, Blanca E. Himes, M. Yanina Pepino
Summary: There is wide individual variation in perceiving the taste and sensation of liquid ibuprofen formulations, including both adults and children. Our study focused on trained adult panelists to understand this personal variation and its genetic associations. We found that perceptions varied with genetic ancestry and discovered a novel association between a genetic variant and tingling sensations. Studying diverse populations of different ages will help further understand the factors influencing individual perceptions and adherence to medication.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jessica G. Nicanor-Carreon, Neda Seyedsadjadi, Blair Rowitz, Marta Yanina Pepino
Summary: This study explored the association between maladaptive ingestive behaviors and weight regain in women who had undergone metabolic surgery 2-10 years ago. The findings showed that weight regain was specifically linked to increased cravings for sweets, higher scores in eating disorder assessment, and time elapsed since surgery. Additionally, the study indicated a potential interaction between time after surgery and sweet cravings in predicting weight regain.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Raul Alfaro, Jessica G. Nicanor-Carreon, Tasha Doty, Heather Lugar, Tamara Hershey, Marta Yanina Pepino
Summary: Wolfram syndrome is associated with impairment in smell identification and taste function, but odor-induced taste enhancement is preserved in the presence of reduced olfactory intensity.
Article
Pediatrics
Julie A. Mennella, Alissa D. Smethers, Michelle T. Delahanty, Virginia A. Stallings, Jillian C. Trabulsi
Summary: This study investigated the intake of glutamic acid from infant formula and other food sources in healthy infants during the first year, and found that it exceeded the recommended daily intake. These findings may have implications for future guidelines and communications with parents, clinical care providers, and policy makers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Correction
Behavioral Sciences
Valentina Parma, Kathrin Ohla, Maria G. Veldhuizen, Masha Y. Niv, Christine E. Kelly, Alyssa J. Bakke, Keiland W. Cooper, Cedric Bouysset, Nicola Pirastu, Michele Dibattista, Rishemjit Kaur, Marco Tullio Liuzza, Marta Y. Pepino, Veronika Schopf, Veronica Pereda-Loth, Shannon B. Olsson, Richard C. Gerkin, Paloma Rohlfs Dominguez, Javier Albayay, Michael C. Farruggia, Surabhi Bhutani, Alexander W. Fjaeldstad, Ritesh Kumar, Anna Menini, Moustafa Bensafi, Mari Sandell, Iordanis Konstantinidis, Antonella Di Pizio, Federica Genovese, Lina Ozturk, Thierry Thomas-Danguin, Johannes Frasnelli, Sanne Boesveldt, Ozlem Saatci, Luis R. Saraiva, Cailu Lin, Jerome Golebiowski, Liang-Dar Hwang, Mehmet Hakan Ozdener, Maria Dolors Guardia, Christophe Laudamiel, Marina Ritchie, Jan Havlicek, Denis Pierron, Eugeni Roura, Marta Navarro, Alissa A. Nolden, Juyun Lim, Katherine L. Whitcroft, Lauren R. Colquitt, Camille Ferdenzi, Evelyn Brindha, Aytug Altundag, Alberto Macchi, Alexia Nunez-Parra, Zara M. Patel, Sebastien Fiorucci, Carl M. Philpott, Barry C. Smith, Johan N. Lundstrom, Carla Mucignat, Jane K. Parker, Mirjam van den Brink, Michael Schmuker, Florian Ph S. Fischmeister, Thomas Heinbockel, Vonnie D. C. Shields, Farhoud Faraji, Enrique Santamaria, William E. A. Fredborg, Gabriella Morini, Jonas K. Olofsson, Maryam Jalessi, Noam Karni, Anna D'Errico, Rafieh Alizadeh, Robert Pellegrino, Pablo Meyer, Caroline Huart, Ben Chen, Graciela M. Soler, Mohammed K. Alwashahi, Antje Welge-Lussen, Jessica Freiherr, Jasper H. B. de Groot, Hadar Klein, Masako Okamoto, Preet Bano Singh, Julien W. Hsieh, Danielle R. Reed, Thomas Hummel, Steven D. Munger, John E. Hayes