Synthesis and application of nano-sized ionic imprinted polymer for the selective voltammetric determination of thallium

A simple and selective thallium imprinted polymer was synthesized as a chemical modifier for the stripping voltammetric determination of Tl ions. The polymerization process (bulk polymerization) was performed with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (crosslinking monomer) and methacrylic acid (functional monomer) in the presence of 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (initiator). The electrochemical method was based on the accumulation of thallium ions at the surface of a modified carbon paste electrode with Tl imprinted polymer and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. After preconcentration process, the voltammetric measurements were carried out via electrolysis of the accumulated Tl ions in a closed circuit. Under the optimized conditions, a linear response range from 3.0 to 240 ng mL(-1) was obtained. The detection limit and RSD (100.0 ng mL(-1) of Tl) were calculated as 0.76 ng mL(-1) and +/- 2.7%, respectively. The suggested modified electrode has good characteristics such as excellent selectivity, high sensitivity and suitable stability. Also, it was successfully applied for the electrochemical determination of trace amounts of Tl in the environmental and biological samples. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.