Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hai-Tao Yu, Wen-Hui Xu, Yi-Ru Chen, Ye Ji, Yi-Wei Tang, Yue-Ting Li, Jia-Yu Gong, Yi-Fei Chen, Guo-Liang Liu, Lin Xie
Summary: Maternal pre-BMI is associated with maternal-fetal plasma fatty acid profiles, with more noticeable adverse profiles in overweight mothers before pregnancy.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yumin Sung, Yong-Jae Lee, Dong-Hyuk Jung, Byoungjin Park
Summary: Isolated elevation of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) may be an additional measure for assessing and managing future ischemic heart disease (IHD) risks among lean Koreans without diabetes.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xichang Wang, Xiaotong Gao, Yutong Han, Fan Zhang, Zheyu Lin, Hong Wang, Weiping Teng, Zhongyan Shan
Summary: Genetically driven serum TSH level was not found to causally lead to changes in BMI or obesity according to IVW and MR-Egger results. However, genetically predicted high BMI was shown to significantly elevate TSH levels, and BMI was found to causally increase fT3 levels.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiayu Cheng, Yingying Luo, Lihui Yang, Yufeng Li, Fang Zhang, Xiuying Zhang, Xianghai Zhou, Linong Ji
Summary: This study investigated the association between living altitude and serum leptin concentrations. The results showed that native women living at high altitude had significantly lower serum leptin concentrations compared to those living at low altitude. Even after adjusting for age and body mass index, women living at high altitude still had lower leptin concentrations. These findings support the protective effect of living at high altitude in improving cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Kisielnicka, Marta Sobalska-Kwapis, Dorota Purzycka-Bohdan, Boguslaw Nedoszytko, Monika Zablotna, Michal Seweryn, Dominik Strapagiel, Roman J. Nowicki, Adam Reich, Dominik Samotij, Justyna Szczech, Dorota Krasowska, Joanna Bartosinska, Joanna Narbutt, Aleksandra Lesiak, Paulina Barasinska, Agnieszka Owczarczyk-Saczonek, Joanna Czerwinska, Jacek C. Szepietowski, Aleksandra Batycka-Baran, Rafal Czajkowski, Magdalena Gorecka-Sokolowska, Lidia Rudnicka, Joanna Czuwara, Aneta Szczerkowska-Dobosz
Summary: This study used a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) to compare the genetic background related to obesity among psoriatic patients and healthy controls. The results identified several genetic signals associated with BMI in psoriatic patients and provided insights into the understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity among this group.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Leila Najd-Hassan-Bonab, Niloufar Javanrouh Givi, Maryam Moazzam-Jazi, Sajedeh Masjoudi, Nasim Ghafari, Maryam S. Daneshpour
Summary: This study investigated the association between FABP2 gene polymorphisms and obesity in an Iranian population, and found that the rs10857064-G allele increased the risk of obesity in women. It highlights the importance of gender differences in obesity screening and treatment.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Farah Al Sabie, Zunera Tariq, Dana Erickson, Diane Donegan
Summary: This study found that patients with prolactinomas have a higher BMI and increased prevalence of obesity, especially among male patients. Weight gain can be a presenting symptom for patients with newly diagnosed prolactinomas.
ENDOCRINE PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yixun Liu, Xuechun Hu, Mengneng Xiong, Jiyan Li, Xiaohua Jiang, Yangyang Wan, Shun Bai, Xiansheng Zhang
Summary: Abnormal body mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk of erectile dysfunction (ED), and the relationship between different BMI categories and ED severity has been investigated in this study. Findings suggest that obese men have a higher risk of ED and a positive correlation is found between obesity and moderate/severe ED severity. Clinicians should pay attention to the weight management of moderate/severe ED patients to improve erectile function.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lais Bride, Michel Naslavsky, Guilherme Lopes Yamamoto, Marilia Scliar, Lucia H. S. Pimassoni, Paola Sossai Aguiar, Flavia de Paula, Jaqueline Wang, Yeda Duarte, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Flavia Imbroisi Valle Errera
Summary: The study confirmed that the rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 gene is associated with both T2DM and obesity. While the T allele increased the risk of T2DM in the normal weight group and interacted with sex, age, and BMI, the C allele increased the risk of obesity. The TT genotype was associated with a lesser extent of BMI variation over the 10-year study period in the elderly Brazilians cohort.
Article
Biology
Ahmad Al-Serri, Suzanne A. Al-Bustan, Salman K. Al-Sabah, Babitha G. Annice, Majed A. Alnaqeeb, Olusegun A. Mojiminiyi
Summary: The study revealed an association between the rs1534649 polymorphism in the LPL gene and obesity as well as dyslipidemia in the Kuwaiti population, suggesting a potential role of this genetic variant in lipid metabolism and adiposity.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Aeran Seol, Wenyu Wang, Se Ik Kim, Youngjin Han, In Sil Park, Juhwan Yoo, HyunA Jo, Kyung-Do Han, Yong Sang Song
Summary: The study found that elevated serum GGT levels are associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer in Korean women, especially in post-menopausal women. Women with high GGT levels were also more likely to develop carcinoma in situ. In obese, post-menopausal women, elevated GGT levels were linked to a higher risk of breast cancer and carcinoma in situ.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yen-Ju Chen, I-Chieh Chen, Hsueh-Ju Lin, Ying-Cheng Lin, Jui-Chun Chang, Yi-Ming Chen, Tzu-Hung Hsiao, Pei-Chun Chen, Ching-Heng Lin
Summary: The interaction between ABCG2 rs2231142 variant and body mass index significantly increases the risk of hyperuricemia, especially in men and women. Weight control and reduction in BMI are recommended for high-risk patients.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Lichuang Cao, Qian Li, Rene Lametsch
Summary: In this study, GGT was purified from bovine milk and identified as a glycosylated membrane protein composed of two subunits. It can generate gamma-glutamyl peptides, with glutamine acting as a donor for the generation of these peptides.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Olivia Raglan, David A. MacIntyre, Anita Mitra, Yun S. Lee, Ann Smith, Nada Assi, Jaya Nautiyal, Sanjay Purkayastha, Marc J. Gunter, Hani Gabra, Julian R. Marchesi, Phillip R. Bennett, Maria Kyrgiou
Summary: Obese women have a significantly different vaginal microbiota composition and higher levels of local inflammation compared to non-obese women. Bariatric surgery does not alter the vaginal microbiota, but those who experience the greatest weight loss post-surgery are more likely to have a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Izzuddin M. Aris, Charles Bailey, Matthew F. Daley, William J. Heerman, David M. Janicke, Pi-I Debby Lin, Joshua Petimar, Jason P. Block
Summary: This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on obesity and BMI among children and adolescents with chronic conditions. The results showed an increase in obesity prevalence and BMI z score during the pandemic, particularly among children aged 5 to 13 years and 13 to 18 years. The study also found that male, Black, Hispanic, and children prescribed antihypertensives experienced the highest increases in obesity prevalence.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qiong Chen, Brandon S. McKeon, Sunny Y. Zhang, Fan Zhang, Changkui Hu, Timothy H. Gfroerer, Mark W. Wanlass, David J. Smith, Yong Zhang
Summary: This study uses a variety of spatially resolved techniques to investigate dislocation defects in GaAs solar cells, providing a quantitative and definitive correlation between the atomistic structure of defects and their effects on device performance, offering unprecedented insight into defect physics.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Crystallography
Allison Boley, Esperanza Luna, C. Zhang, N. Faleev, C. B. Honsberg, David J. Smith
Summary: Studies on epitaxial GaP/Si heterostructures grown by MBE and MEE using ACSTEM revealed significant interfacial intermixing and a wide interface width, which will impact theoretical predictions of charge imbalance and strong electric fields across the heterointerface.
JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Pallabi Pramanik, Sayantani Sen, Chirantan Singha, A. Bhattacharyya, Lin Zhou, David J. Smith
Summary: This study reports on the development of deep-ultraviolet wavelength-selective top-illuminated photodetectors based on AlGaN/AlN quantum-dots-in-wells. The research focused on the impact of variation in the group III to group V flux ratio and the use of indium as a surfactant on UV photoresponse. Photodetectors grown under near-stoichiometric conditions exhibited a photocurrent peak in the 210-215 nm range, while those grown under excess group III conditions showed a redshifted peak at around 225 nm with significantly higher responsivity. The enhancement in performance was attributed to the formation of quantum dots with truncated pyramidal structures with near-uniform size distribution and density.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hadi Afshari, Brandon K. Durant, Tristan Thrasher, Logan Abshire, Vincent R. Whiteside, Shun Chan, Dongyoung Kim, Sabina Hatch, Mingchu Tang, Jeremiah S. McNatt, Huiyun Liu, Martha R. McCartney, David J. Smith, Ian R. Sellers
Summary: The high radiation tolerance of GaAs1-xSbx based solar cells for the low-intensity-low-temperature conditions of Saturn, Jupiter, and Mars is demonstrated. The cells exhibit significant resistance to high energy electron environment on these target planets, with an unusual increase in short circuit current at low temperature. The open circuit voltage and fill factor of the cells are especially tolerant to irradiation, reflected in unchanged dark current-voltage characteristics particularly at LILT.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ido Levy, Candice Forrester, Haiming Deng, Manuel Roldan-Gutierrez, Martha R. McCartney, David J. Smith, Christophe Testelin, Lia Krusin-Elbaum, Maria C. Tamargo
Summary: Magnetic topological insulators have promising potential for topological spintronics and quantum computing. This study investigates the growth of (Sb2Te3)(1-x)(MnSb2Te4)(x) layers and reveals that by controlling the growth conditions, the incorporation of Mn as a structural component can be enhanced.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amany K. Elshorbagy, Cheryl Turner, Nasser Bastani, Helga Refsum, Timothy Kwok
Summary: Serum sulfur amino acids (SAAs) and related amino acids (AAs) are strongly and independently associated with incident diabetes. This suggests that perturbations in the SAA metabolic pathway may be an early marker for diabetes risk.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Tobias Hadamek, Agham B. Posadas, Fatima Al-Quaiti, David J. Smith, Martha R. McCartney, Eric Dombrowski, Alexander A. Demkov
Summary: In this study, thin Ga2O3 films were successfully deposited on SrTiO3 and Si substrates using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The orientation and structural alignments of the grains were examined, providing a high-quality seed layer for further epitaxial growth.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Physics, Condensed Matter
Yong Zhang, David J. Smith
Summary: In this article, a new approach to defect study is introduced, which involves a sequential mode application of spatially-resolved optical, electrical, and structural characterization techniques on fabricated devices. This approach provides definitive answers to questions regarding the impact of individual defects on device performance, the dependence of this impact on device operating conditions, and the variation of this impact between different defects.
JOURNAL OF SEMICONDUCTORS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Samreen Khan, Frank Angeles, John Wright, Saurabh Vishwakarma, Victor H. Ortiz, Erick Guzman, Fariborz Kargar, Alexander A. Balandin, David J. Smith, Debdeep Jena, H. Grace Xing, Richard Wilson
Summary: The study aims to investigate the impact of bulk vibrational properties and interfacial structure on thermal transport at interfaces in wide band gap semiconductor systems. The results suggest that thermal conductance depends on the bulk phonon properties of the softer material and the interfacial structure, rather than just the vibrational similarity between the two materials.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
W. W. Pan, R. J. Gu, Z. K. Zhang, W. Lei, G. A. Umana-Membreno, D. J. Smith, J. Antoszewski, L. Faraone
Summary: In this study, strained CdZnTe/CdTe superlattice layers were used as dislocation filtering layers to reduce the threading dislocation density in CdTe buffer layers. The results showed that the dislocation density could be effectively reduced to below the critical level by optimizing the Zn content and thermal annealing. The DFL approach offers the advantages of lower dislocation density and better lattice-matching with HgCdTe, making it a promising path for achieving heteroepitaxy of high-quality HgCdTe on large-area lattice-mismatched substrates for next-generation infrared detectors.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elena C. Tore, Amany K. Elshorbagy, Frans C. H. Bakers, Martijn C. G. J. Brouwers, Pieter C. Dagnelie, Simone J. P. M. Eussen, Jacobus F. A. Jansen, M. Eline Kooi, Yvo H. A. M. Kusters, Steven J. R. Meex, Thomas Olsen, Helga Refsum, Kjetil Retterstol, Casper G. Schalkwijk, Coen D. A. Stehouwer, Kathrine J. Vinknes, Marleen M. J. van Greevenbroek
Summary: This study examined the association between plasma sulfur amino acids and different fat depots. The results showed that methionine was associated with liver fat, while total cysteine was associated with overall obesity and central fat deposition.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Prudhvi Peri, Kai Fu, Houqiang Fu, Jingan Zhou, Yuji Zhao, David J. Smith
Summary: The morphology of GaN substrates grown by HVPE and by ammonothermal methods was observed to have an impact on the performance of GaN-on-GaN p-i-n diodes. HVPE-grown substrates showed ordered surface features, while ammonothermal substrates did not. Diodes fabricated on HVPE substrates had higher reverse-bias voltages compared to those on ammonothermal substrates.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Daniel C. Messina, Kevin A. Hatch, Saurabh Vishwakarma, David J. Smith, Yuji Zhao, Robert J. Nemanich
Summary: Two atomic layer etching methods were investigated for crystalline GaN, involving oxidation, fluorination, and ligand exchange. The etching process was monitored in situ using multiwavelength ellipsometry and characterized through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results revealed the presence of fluorine and oxygen impurities on the etched surfaces, a slight reduction in thickness, and a lower removal rate than predicted. The observed reduced etch rates were attributed to the ordered structure of the oxide formed on the crystalline GaN surfaces.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Abhinandan Gangopadhyay, Chaomin Zhang, Aymeric Maros, Nikolai Faleev, Richard R. King, Christiana B. Honsberg, David J. Smith
Summary: The atomic-scale structure of extended defects in GaAs/GaAs1-xSbx/GaAs (001) heterostructures has been investigated using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Two types of defects were identified: a dissociated screw dislocation or a partial dislocation dipole at the tensile-strained GaAs(cap)/GaAs0.34Sb0.66 interface, and a dissociated 90 degrees dislocation at the compressively-strained GaAs0.91Sb0.09/GaAs(substrate) interface. The intrinsic stacking faults associated with these defects were bounded by Shockley partial dislocations.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Suho Park, Martha R. McCartney, David J. Smith, Jiyeon Jeon, Yeongho Kim, Sang Jun Lee
Summary: An inverted structure InGaAsP/InGaAs dual-junction solar cell with enhanced photovoltaic conversion efficiency has been demonstrated by utilizing a metamorphic InAsxP1-x structure.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
