Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiuzhi Wu, Michael A. Roussell, Alison M. Hill, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Rosemary L. Walzem
Summary: Individual responses to diet interventions are influenced by the presence and degree of insulin resistance as measured by HOMA-IR. Changes in LDL4 differ under different dietary conditions, and dietary interventions can reduce triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B levels.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Raktim Mukherjee, Palok Aich
Summary: Metabolic disorders can be affected by different diets and immune backgrounds, resulting in varied pathophysiology such as lipidemia, visceral adiposity, and meta-inflammation. The severity of insulin resistance was observed to be higher in certain diet groups, particularly saturated fat-rich diet, potentially related to the mice's intrinsic immune biases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuri Haneishi, Yuma Furuya, Mayu Hasegawa, Hitoshi Takemae, Yuri Tanioka, Tetsuya Mizutani, Mauro Rossi, Junki Miyamoto
Summary: Dietary lipids containing different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can improve host metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice by regulating glucose tolerance and inhibiting colonic inflammation. The gut microbial compositions differ between HFD and modified PUFA-enriched HFD-fed mice, suggesting a new mechanism underlying the function of different PUFAs in regulating host energy homeostasis in obese conditions. These findings provide insights into the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders by targeting the gut microbiota.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Latha Ramalingam, Kalhara R. Menikdiwela, Stephani Spainhour, Tochi Eboh, Naima Moustaid-Moussa
Summary: Pre-pregnancy and lactation supplementation of fish oil in mice improves metabolic health of offspring by enhancing body weight control, glucose clearance, insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation, and slowing down fatty acid synthesis. This suggests a potential preventive strategy against obesity and metabolic alterations in offspring.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Prince K. K. Akowuah, Carolina Lema, Rolando E. E. Rumbaut, Alan R. R. Burns
Summary: Feeding mice with a high-fat/sucrose diet causes loss of corneal nerve function and impairs corneal wound healing. Changing to a low fat/sugar diet with enrichments in complex carbohydrates mitigates the reduction in nerve function, but its effect on corneal wound healing needs further investigation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shing-Hwa Liu, Yu-Xuan Chen, Huei-Ping Tzeng, Meng-Tsan Chiang
Summary: Low-carbohydrate and high-fat diets can cause lipid metabolism disturbance and fat accumulation, but fish oil supplementation can improve these adverse effects.
Article
Oncology
Makoto Matsushita, Kazutoshi Fujita, Koji Hatano, Takuji Hayashi, Hisako Kayama, Daisuke Motooka, Hiroaki Hase, Akinaru Yamamoto, Toshihiko Uemura, Gaku Yamamichi, Eisuke Tomiyama, Yoko Koh, Taigo Kato, Atsunari Kawashima, Motohide Uemura, Satoshi Nojima, Ryoichi Imamura, Aysha Mubeen, George J. Netto, Kazutake Tsujikawa, Shota Nakamura, Kiyoshi Takeda, Eiichi Morii, Norio Nonomura
Summary: The consumption of Western high-fat diets is considered a major risk factor for prostate cancer. A study found that these diets can lead to dysbiosis in the gut microbiota, contributing to the growth of inflammatory prostate cancer. It was also discovered that histamine signaling plays a role in this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Maria Eugenia Oliva, Maria del Rosario Ferreira, Michelle Berenice Vega Joubert, Maria Eugenia D'Alessandro
Summary: This study found that supplementation with chia seed can reduce abdominal and thoracic circumferences, carcass fat content, adipose tissue weights, and visceral adiposity index in rats fed with a sucrose-rich diet. Furthermore, it improved insulin sensitivity and plasma lipid profile. The reduction in fat cell triglyceride content and activities of fat synthesis enzymes in epididymal adipose tissue were associated with the modulation of essential pathways of lipid metabolism by chia seed supplementation.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liyuan Ran, Jinhui Yu, Rui Ma, Qing Yao, Mingjie Wang, Yuping Bi, Zichao Yu, Yingjie Wu
Summary: Omega-3 PUFAs rich in fish oil are believed to prevent obesity by improving lipid metabolism and regulating gut microbiota. Microalgae oil, particularly Schizochytrium microalgae oil (SMO) with a high DHA proportion, is shown to have comparable weight-loss effects to commercial fish oil and a weight-loss drug. In addition, SMO has different effects on gut microbiota, increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria and inhibiting obesity-promoting bacteria. SMO also helps restore the disturbed metabolic capability of gut microbiota caused by a high-fat diet.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiang Gao, Lei Du, Edward Randell, Huijun Zhang, Kelei Li, Duo Li
Summary: The study showed that EPA/DHA-PC derived from Sthenototeuthis oualaniensis effectively reversed obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia induced by a high-fat diet in mice. The mechanism of action included modulating insulin signaling pathways, improving inflammatory pathways in adipose tissue, and altering gut microbiota composition.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kyungwon Moon, Kyeong-Ok Choi, Sungmin Jeong, Young-Wan Kim, Suyong Lee
Summary: The study demonstrated that oleogels produced from canola oil with different amounts of carnauba wax can enhance the elastic nature of imitation cheese, reduce saturated fat levels, and improve the chewiness of cheese. This method successfully produced imitation cheese high in unsaturated fat and low in saturated fat.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
M. Espert, M. J. Hernandez, T. Sanz, A. Salvador
Summary: The sunflower oil-HPMC based oleogel was found to be a suitable partial replacement for cocoa butter in chocolates, with 50% replacement level being optimal. The addition of oleogel reduced the chocolate hardness, but higher HPMC concentrations negatively affected the texture and flavor sensory attributes of the chocolates.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sarah Rowe, Avonti Basak Tukun, LuAnn K. Johnson, David C. Love, Martha A. Belury, Zach Conrad
Summary: This study investigated popular diet patterns among adults in the United States and found that they are increasingly following restrictive diet patterns. The effects of targeted food substitutions on the intake of different food groups varied across diet patterns. However, using substitution approaches may help improve adherence to dietary guidelines.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thomas A. Aloysius, Veronika Tillander, Matteo Pedrelli, Simon N. Dankel, Rolf K. Berge, Bodil Bjorndal
Summary: Rest raw materials from chicken, such as chicken protein hydrolysate (CPH) and chicken oil (CO), have beneficial effects on health by reducing cholesterol levels and increasing fatty acid oxidation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hayley G. Law, Frederick J. Meyers, Lars Berglund, Byambaa Enkhmaa
Summary: This article discusses the new evidence regarding the current dietary recommendations to reduce saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake for modulating an individual's global risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). While it is known that reducing dietary SFA intake has a beneficial effect on LDL cholesterol concentrations, there is increasing evidence of an opposite effect on lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) concentrations. This study highlights the contrasting effects of reducing dietary SFA intake on LDL cholesterol and Lp(a), two highly atherogenic lipoproteins.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vijay Ganji, Reem Abu-Dbaa, Haneen Othman, Menatallah Zewein, Tamara Al-Abdi, Zumin Shi
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hanaa Mousa, Nazmul Islam, Vijay Ganji, Susu M. Zughaier
Summary: Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with altered lipid profiles, inflammation, and cardiometabolic risks in young healthy adults, particularly in populations with high rates of deficiency and insufficiency. The Monocyte to HDL-cholesterol ratio (MHR) has emerged as a potential novel marker of inflammation that could help predict cardiovascular diseases among this demographic.
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Tahra Elobeid, Vijay Ganji, Sara Al-Saeedi, Alaa Abdelmonem Mohamed, Hana Mohamed Dahir, Hassan Hassan, Layal Karam, Grace Attieh
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the presence of organochlorine pesticide residues in fruits, vegetables, water, and soil in Qatar and assess the potential food exposure risk. Most samples contained at least one OCP residue except for endosulfan. The concentrations of OCP were generally below the maximum residue level (MRL) except for endosulfan, methoxychlor, and heptachlor, indicating a relatively low health risk.
BRITISH FOOD JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zumin Shi, Tahra El-Obeid, Zainab Meftah, Amal Alawi, Suad Said, Vijay Ganji
Summary: The study revealed a direct association between the fast food/sweet dietary pattern and the prevalence of asthma among adults in Qatar. However, traditional and prudent dietary patterns were not found to be associated with asthma. Reducing consumption of fast foods and sugary-rich foods may be beneficial for respiratory health.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vijay Ganji, Zumin Shi, Hanadi Alshami, Sarah Ajina, Shayma Albakri, Zahra Jasim
Summary: The study revealed an inverse association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and adiposity measures in postmenopausal Qatari women, while showing a non-linear association with bone mass.
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Flinle Danielle Biemi, Vijay Ganji
Summary: There were no significant differences in anemia and markers of anemia between pre- and post-fortification periods in children in Ivory Coast, but the mean corpuscular volume significantly increased in the post-fortification period. The lack of significant differences in anemia indicators between the two periods requires further investigation.
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Vijay Ganji, Tahra ElObeid, Zumin Shi, Hiba Bawadi, Abdelhamid Kerkadi, Noor Moussa, Hoda Ali, Alshaimaa Sobeih
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency among young Qatari women and developed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess the vitamin D intake in their diet. The results showed that the FFQ reported higher vitamin D intakes compared to the 24-hour food recall (24HFR), indicating moderate agreement between the two methods.
BRITISH FOOD JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vijay Ganji, Zumin Shi, Tamara Al-Abdi, Dalia Al Hejap, Yasmine Attia, Dalya Koukach, Hind Elkassas
Summary: This study investigated the association between food patterns and serum vitamin D concentrations in US adults. The results showed that a high intake of meat and processed meats was associated with lower serum vitamin D concentrations. The relationship between intake of vegetables, fruit, nuts, and whole grains and serum vitamin D was non-linear. This study highlights the importance of promoting a healthy diet and reducing processed food consumption.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tahra ElObeid, Marwa Osman Awad, Vijay Ganji, Joyce Moawad
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. Supplementing with specific minerals, such as magnesium, zinc, selenium, and chromium, has shown potential benefits for treating PCOS symptoms. However, further research is needed to determine the appropriate dosage level due to potential health risks associated with higher doses.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Vijay Ganji, Layan Sukik, Bushra Hoque, Linda Boutefnouchet, Zumin Shi
Summary: This study investigated the association between serum 25(OH)D concentration and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. It found a significant, nonlinear, invert 'U' relationship, with the highest risk observed between 70 and 80 nmol/L of serum 25(OH)D concentration.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Sokary, Asma Ouagueni, Vijay Ganji
Summary: Current evidence suggests that ascorbic acid may improve the host's immune system and reduce the severity of infectious diseases. Studies have found that intravenous ascorbic acid can improve lung function in COVID-19 patients, but the effects of dosage and effectiveness are uncertain and further research is needed to confirm.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ayah Sukik, Joud Alalwani, Vijay Ganji
Summary: Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is a precursor for conditions like obesity, type-2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency is linked to cardiometabolic diseases through the gut microbiota. Adequate vitamin D levels have a positive effect on the gut microbiota, thus preventing the progression of MetSyn. More controlled studies are needed to understand the mechanisms involving vitamin D and microbiota in cardiometabolic diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sundus Fituri, Zoha Akbar, Vijay Ganji
Summary: Low vitamin B-12 status is commonly found in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), mainly due to the use of metformin, the first-line therapy for lowering blood glucose. However, the exact effect of metformin dose and duration on vitamin B-12 status remains inconsistent. This review analyzed the findings on this association and proposed the use of a metformin usage index as a potential risk assessment tool for vitamin B-12 screening in T2DM patients.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Shrooq Ismail, Sereen Eljazzar, Vijay Ganji
Summary: Inadequate folate intake during pregnancy is the leading cause of neural tube defects (NTDs) in newborns. The mandatory fortification of folic acid in processed cereals in the US has decreased the prevalence of NTDs and also had unintended benefits such as reducing anemia and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, there are potential issues with folic acid fortification that need to be monitored, such as the presence of unmetabolized folic acid and increased risk of cancer.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Haya Abuhijleh, Dana Alkhatib, Vijay Ganji
Summary: Metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in postmenopausal women, who also have a higher prevalence of hypovitaminosis D. Several cross-sectional studies have shown an inverse association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and MetSyn. However, there is a lack of randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of vitamin D intake on biomarkers and prevalence of MetSyn.
