Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Javad Moghri, Fatemeh Kokabisaghi, Seyed Saeid Tabatabaee, Hasan Niroumand Sadabad
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the challenges of the telephone consultation program conducted by the Social Security Insurance Organization of Iran during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. The findings revealed various challenges in program development, implementation, and evaluation and monitoring. To properly implement the program, better planning, training, appropriate infrastructure, and continuous evaluation and improvement are required.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas S. Metkus, Lori J. Sokoll, Andreas S. Barth, Matthew J. Czarny, Allison G. Hays, Charles J. Lowenstein, Erin D. Michos, Eric P. Nolley, Wendy S. Post, Jon R. Resar, David R. Thiemann, Jeffrey C. Trost, Rani K. Hasan
Summary: The study found that over 50% of intubated patients with severe COVID-19 had myocardial injury, which was associated with a higher mortality rate. Myocardial injury in COVID-19 was closely related to baseline comorbidities, age, and multisystem organ dysfunction. Compared with ARDS patients without COVID-19, COVID-19 patients were older and had poorer cardiac function, but had a lower incidence of myocardial injury.
Article
Virology
Enric Monreal, Sainz S. de la Maza, Pedro Gullon, Elena Natera-Villalba, Juan Luis Chico-Garcia, Alvaro Beltran-Corbellini, Javier Martinez-Sanz, Nuria Garcia-Barragan, Javier Buisan, Rafael Toledano, Araceli Alonso-Canovas, Paula Perez-Torre, Maria C. Matute-Lozano, Jose Luis Lopez-Sendon, Guillermo Garcia-Ribas, Inigo Corral, Jesus Fortun, Beatriz Montero-Errasquin, Luis Manzano, Luis Maiz-Carro, Lucienne Costa-Frossard, Jaime Masjuan
Summary: This study found that immunosuppression may reduce the risk of moderate to severe ARDS in COVID-19 patients, especially among those with autoimmune diseases.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Tina Hsu, Jacquelyn R. Sink, Veronica Alaniz, Lida Zheng, Anthony J. Mancini
Summary: The study described three cases of acute genital ulceration in female patients after receiving COVID-19 vaccination or natural infection, confirming the possible association between ulceration and viral infection.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Nadine Muller, Mareike Kunze, Fabienne Steitz, Neil J. Saad, Barbara Muehlemann, Joern I. Beheim-Schwarzbach, Julia Schneider, Christian Drosten, Lukas Murajda, Sandra Kochs, Claudia Ruscher, Jan Walter, Nadine Zeitlmann, Victor M. Corman
Summary: An outbreak of coronavirus disease with 74 cases related to a nightclub in Germany in March 2020 highlighted the potential for superspreader events, with staff members being particularly affected (56% attack rate) and likely causing sustained viral transmission after an event at the club. This event supports the current club closures as a precautionary measure to prevent further spread of the virus.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Suzanne M. Cox, Cynthia O. Lashley, Linda G. Henson, Nora Y. Medina, Sydney L. Hans
Summary: Despite being widely regarded as a social problem, adolescent childbearing is found to have more complex and positive impacts for the young mothers themselves. Recent research suggests that blaming young mothers for poor outcomes should be attributed to social and economic inequalities, racism, and poverty rather than their motherhood itself. Positive themes such as maturity, responsibility, and motivation were prevalent among the young mothers interviewed in the study, showcasing a more nuanced perspective on adolescent parenthood.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tarek Bayyoud, Angelika Iftner, Thomas Iftner, Karl Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, Focke Ziemssen, Hans Boesmueller, Falko Fend, Jens Martin Rohrbach, Marius Ueffing, Michael Schindler, Sebastian Thaler
Summary: This study examined the retinal tissue and vitreous of deceased COVID-19 patients for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and found no significant viral RNA levels. Histopathological examinations showed no morphological signs of inflammation or vessel occlusions in the retina and vitreous. Further research is needed to confirm or refute these findings.
Article
Immunology
Henry M. Staines, Daniela E. Kirwan, David J. Clark, Emily R. Adams, Yolanda Augustin, Rachel L. Byrne, Michael Cocozza, Ana Cubas-Atienzar, Luis E. Cuevas, Martina Cusinato, Benedict Mo Davies, Mark Davis, Paul Davis, Annelyse Duvoix, Nicholas M. Eckersley, Daniel Forton, Alice J. Fraser, Gala Garrod, Linda Hadcocks, Qinxue Hu, Michael Johnson, Grant A. Kay, Kesja Klekotko, Zawditu Lewis, Derek C. Macallan, Josephine Mensah-Kane, Stefanie Menzies, Irene Monahan, Catherine M. Moore, Gerhard Nebe-von-Caron, Sophie Owen, Chris Sainter, Amadou A. Sall, James Schouten, Christopher T. Williams, John Wilkins, Kevin Woolston, Joseph Ra Fitchett, Sanjeev Krishna, Tim Planche
Summary: The study showed that in SARS-CoV-2 infection, 2.0%-8.5% of individuals did not seroconvert 3-6 weeks after infection. Those who did seroconvert were typically older, more likely to have concurrent conditions, and had higher levels of inflammatory markers. Non-White individuals had higher antibody concentrations compared to White individuals, and these concentrations remained stable during follow-up.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Yaseen M. Arabi, Dunia Jawdat, Ali H. Hajeer, Musharaf Sadat, Jesna Jose, Ramesh K. Vishwakarma, Walid Almashaqbeh, Abdulaziz Al-Dawood
Summary: This study evaluated the inflammatory response in patients with severe acute respiratory infection due to the Middle East respiratory syndrome and non-Middle East respiratory syndrome, and identified two distinct inflammatory subtypes using latent class analysis. The findings showed that a subset of patients exhibited increased levels of interleukins, indicative of a cytokine storm. Further research is needed to explore the effects of immunomodulators on different inflammatory subtypes.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Weiwei Zhang, Min Zhang, Zhiming Kuang, Zhenfei Huang, Lin Gao, Jianlong Zhu
Summary: The study found that the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is relatively high in patients with severe acute pancreatitis, and factors such as respiratory rate, APACHE II score, Ranson score, polymorphonuclear, C-reactive protein, and albumin are independent risk factors for ARDS. Early targeted prevention and treatment for these risk factors are necessary.
Article
Immunology
Gail L. Sondermeyer Cooksey, Christina Morales, Lauren Linde, Samuel Schildhauer, Hugo Guevara, Elena Chan, Kathryn Gibb, Jessie Wong, Wen Lin, Brandon J. Bonin, Olivia Arizmendi, Tracy Lam-Hine, Ori Tzvieli, Ann McDowell, Kirstie M. Kampen, Denise L. Lopez, Josh Ennis, Linda S. Lewis, Eyal Oren, April Hatada, Blanca Molinar, Matt Frederick, George S. Han, Martha Sanchez, Michael A. Garcia, Alana McGrath, Nga Q. Le, Eric Boyd, Regina M. Bertolucci, Jeremy Corrigan, Stephanie Brodine, Michael Austin, William R. K. Roach, Robert M. Levin, Brian M. Tyson, Jake M. Pry, Kristin J. Cummings, Debra A. Wadford, Seema Jain
Summary: State and local health departments in California established a surveillance system to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens. Results from May 10, 2020 to June 12, 2021 showed a SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate of 19.6% among tested specimens and the presence of other respiratory pathogens.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Michelle W. Rudolph, Martin C. J. Kneyber, Lisa A. Asaro, Ira M. Cheifetz, David Wypij, Martha A. Q. Curley
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the use of neuromuscular blocking agents in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). It was found that early NMBA use was associated with a longer duration of mechanical ventilation (MV), but not with mortality or long-term cognitive and functional impairment.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Brendan T. Freitas, Daniil A. Ahiadorme, Rahul S. Bagul, Ian A. Durie, Samir Ghosh, Jarvis Hill, Naomi E. Kramer, Jackelyn Murray, Brady M. O'Boyle, Emmanuel Onobun, Michael G. Pirrone, Justin D. Shepard, Suzanne Enos, Yagya P. Subedi, Kapil Upadhyaya, Ralph A. Tripp, Brian S. Cummings, David Crich, Scott D. Pegan
Summary: In the past 20 years, both severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 have caused zoonotic outbreaks in humans. The PLpro enzyme from a subgroup 2b bat coronavirus has been studied to identify structural features and substrate specificity. Based on this, 30 novel noncovalent inhibitors for subgroup 2b PLpro enzymes were designed, providing new directions for antiviral development against this group of coronaviruses.
ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Apurba Barman, Mithilesh K. Sinha, Jagannatha Sahoo, Debasish Jena, Vikas Patel
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of respiratory rehabilitation in patients recovering from SARS. Results showed that respiratory rehabilitation significantly improved exercise capacity and pulmonary function test parameters in SARS patients, with no significant adverse events reported. However, the improvement in activities of daily living and quality of life outcomes were limited. Further clinical trials are needed to determine the optimal respiratory rehabilitation program for SARS patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ruanne Barnabas, Elizabeth R. Brown, Anna Bershteyn, Helen C. Stankiewicz Karita, Christine Johnston, Lorna E. Thorpe, Angelica Kottkamp, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Miriam K. Laufer, Meagan Deming, Michael K. Paasche-Orlow, Patricia J. Kissinger, Alfred Luk, Kristopher Paolino, Raphael J. Landovitz, Risa Hoffman, Torin T. Schaafsma, Meighan L. Krows, Katherine K. Thomas, Susan Morrison, Harald S. Haugen, Lara Kidoguchi, Mark Wener, Alexander L. Greninger, Meei-Li Huang, Keith R. Jerome, Anna Wald, Connie Celum, Helen Y. Chu, Jared M. Baeten
Summary: This rigorous randomized controlled trial among persons with recent exposure found no clinically meaningful effect of hydroxychloroquine as postexposure prophylaxis to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection, and participants in the hydroxychloroquine group experienced a higher frequency of adverse events than the control group.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)