Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mansoor Hussain, Xixia Chu, Burcin Duan Sahbaz, Samuel Gray, Komal Pekhale, Jae-Hyeon Park, Deborah L. Croteau, Vilhelm A. Bohr
Summary: Aging is associated with decreased DNA repair efficiency and increased inflammation, contributing to age-related diseases. Mitochondrial OGG1 plays a role in DNA repair and improved mitochondrial function. Overexpression of mitochondria-targeted OGG1 can reverse aging-associated inflammation and improve functions in mice. The release of mtDNA into the cytoplasm is regulated by mtOGG1, which controls age-associated inflammation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Mansour Akbari, Hilde Loge Nilsen, Nicola Pietro Montaldo
Summary: Mitochondria are essential for cellular energy production and play a crucial role in organismal development and normal function. Understanding the mechanisms of mtDNA maintenance and transcription can provide insights into the pathogenesis of various diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amy Romesberg, Bennett Van Houten
Summary: Mitochondria, the ATP-generating organelles in eukaryotic cells, are prone to oxidative damage on their DNA, which can lead to mtDNA mutations and deletions and result in various diseases. While previous studies have explored the mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction, there are limitations in the methods used. This study introduces a novel chemoptogenetic approach to precisely investigate the downstream effects of ROS-induced damage on mitochondria and mtDNA.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yong Woong Jun, Eddy Albarran, David L. Wilson, Jun Ding, Eric T. Kool
Summary: Mitochondrial function declines with aging and neurodegeneration, largely due to accumulated mutations in mtDNA from deficient DNA repair. A fluorescent probe, UBER, was used to visualize mitochondrial BER activity, showing increased repair under oxidative stress and time delay between stress onset and BER initiation. Cells lacking MTH1 exhibited elevated demand for BER activity during extended stress, while absence of OGG1 limited glycosylation capacity.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Inga R. Grin, Daria V. Petrova, Anton V. Endutkin, Chunquan Ma, Bing Yu, Haiying Li, Dmitry O. Zharkov
Summary: Base excision DNA repair is an important pathway in safeguarding the genome of plants, and understanding their repair mechanisms is crucial for developing new crop varieties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susan E. Tsutakawa, Altaf H. Sarker
Summary: The canonical role of DNA glycosylase is in repairing global base damage, but it also plays a role in epigenetic gene regulation, immune response modulation, replication, and transcription. In this issue of Structure, Eckenroth et al. (2020) reveal the structure of NEIL2 glycosylase, showing that its catalytic domain flexibility sets it apart from other glycosylases and implies novel regulatory mechanisms.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katja E. Menger, Alejandro Rodriguez-Luis, James Chapman, Thomas J. Nicholls
Summary: Mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) is a small DNA molecule present in human cells, playing a crucial role in mitochondrial gene expression and function. Topoisomerases are enzymes that modulate mtDNA topology, impacting mitochondrial function. Loss of topoisomerase activity can lead to defects in mitochondrial function.
Article
Agronomy
Shiwen Liu, Shuhua Zhu, Guangqin Jing
Summary: Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) during storage can lead to oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in peaches, exacerbating fruit damage. Nitric oxide (NO) has been found to help maintain the storage quality of peaches. This study investigates the effects of NO on mtDNA damage and repair, focusing on the base excision repair (BER) pathway. The results show that NO reduces ROS levels and oxidative damage markers in mitochondria, increases mtDNA copy number, and enhances the BER pathway, leading to improved repair efficiency and maintenance of mtDNA integrity.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiahui Zhu, Lexin Liu, Xiaodi Ma, Xinyu Cao, Yu Chen, Xiangping Qu, Ming Ji, Huijun Liu, Chi Liu, Xiaoqun Qin, Yang Xiang
Summary: The mortality rate of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) increases yearly due to ineffective treatment. Oxidative stress, especially DNA stimulation, plays a crucial role in pulmonary fibrosis. DNA damage is important in the initiation of IPF and DNA repair systems targeting damage are crucial for lung cell survival. However, existing research has not focused on the role of DNA damage and repair pathways in IPF.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xuemei Cao, Cansu Kose, Christopher P. Selby, Aziz Sancar
Summary: The XR-seq method is widely used for mapping nucleotide excision repair genome-wide. It captures and sequences excised oligomers carrying DNA damage, and aligns their sequences to the genome. Researchers have successfully used ultraviolet light-irradiated plasmids as substrates for repair experiments in Escherichia coli and mammals, and found common excision product characteristics in both systems. This approach helps understand the effects of epigenetics and other cellular factors on DNA repair.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Polina Zhdanova, Alexander A. Ishchenko, Alexander A. Chernonosov, Dmitry O. Zharkov, Vladimir V. Koval
Summary: The study reveals the structural and dynamic features of human endonuclease VIII-like protein 2 (hNEIL2), showing its unique specificity for non-canonical DNA substrates and conformational flexibility in solution.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Heike Katrin Schreier, Rahel Stefanie Wiehe, Miria Ricchetti, Lisa Wiesmueller
Summary: This study identifies the role of polymerase zeta (POLZ) in maintaining mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) under conditions of oxidative stress. POLZ knockdown leads to mtDNA accumulation and requires the activity of the base excision repair enzyme APE1. Additionally, POLZ is involved in the formation of mtDNA deletions independently of reactive oxygen species. These findings highlight the significance of POLZ in mtDNA turnover, particularly in the presence of oxidative stress.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Filipe Rollo, Patricia T. Borges, Celia M. Silveira, Margarida T. G. Rosa, Smilja Todorovic, Elin Moe
Summary: This study investigated the structure and mechanism of the three EndoIII enzymes in Deinococcus radiodurans, revealing their different activities and specificities, which is important for addressing questions regarding their presence and characteristics in the organism.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zhenyu Shao, Yang Han, Dan Zhou
Summary: Through comprehensive bioinformatic analyses, this study reveals that previous observations of extensive and strand-biased 5-methylcytosine (5mC) in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are likely artifacts caused by a combination of factors including inefficient bisulfite conversion, low sequencing reads in the L strand, and interference from nuclear mitochondrial DNA sequences (NUMTs). By establishing an optimized procedure for library preparation and data analysis of bisulfite sequencing, the researchers demonstrate an even distribution of 5mC signals across mtDNA and an average methylation level similar to background noise.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Bazzani, Mara Equisoain Redin, Joshua McHale, Lorena Perrone, Carlo Vascotto
Summary: Mitochondria have their own DNA, which can exist in multiple copies. They have mechanisms to protect and repair DNA damage, as well as specific mechanisms for turnover, fusion, and mitophagy. mtDNA mutations may be common and have effects on aging and neurodegenerative disorders. Analyzing mitochondrial function is crucial for personalized medicine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Frederique Weber-Lotfi, Milana V. Koulintchenko, Noha Ibrahim, Philippe Hammann, Dania V. Mileshina, Yuri M. Konstantinov, Andre Dietrich
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2015)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu. M. Konstantinov, A. Dietrich, F. Weber-Lotfi, N. Ibrahim, E. S. Klimenko, V. I. Tarasenko, T. A. Bolotova, M. V. Koulintchenko
BIOCHEMISTRY-MOSCOW
(2016)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Frederique Weber-Lotfi, Noha Ibrahim, Pierre Boesch, Anne Cosset, Yuri Konstantinov, Robert N. Lightowlers, Andre Dietrich
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
(2009)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pierre Boesch, Frederique Weber-Lotfi, Noha Ibrahim, Vladislav Tarasenko, Anne Cosset, Francois Paulus, Robert N. Lightowlers, Andre Dietrich
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2011)
Article
Cell Biology
Daria Mileshina, Noha Ibrahim, Pierre Boesch, Robert N. Lightowlers, Andre Dietrich, Frederique Weber-Lotfi
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2011)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pierre Boesch, Noha Ibrahim, Francois Paulus, Anne Cosset, Vladislav Tarasenko, Andre Dietrich
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2009)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Noha Ibrahim, Hirokazu Handa, Anne Cosset, Milana Koulintchenko, Yuri Konstantinov, Robert N. Lightowlers, Andre Dietrich, Frederique Weber-Lotfi
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2011)