Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yukichi Tanahashi, Shinichi Shoda, Hiroshi Kawada, Tomohiro Ando, Shoma Nagata, Masaki Takasu, Fuminori Hyodo, Satoshi Goshima, Takashi Mori, Masayuki Matsuo
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility and image quality of intranodal dynamic contrast-enhanced CT lymphangiography (DCCTL) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR lymphangiography (DCMRL) in microminipigs. The results showed that both DCCTL and DCMRL enabled excellent visualization of central lymphatic ducts and lymphatic leakage, indicating the research and clinical potential of both modalities.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Todd C. Soesbe, Yin Xi, Khaled Nasr, John R. Leyendecker, Robert E. Lenkinski, Matthew A. Lewis
Summary: The study aimed to develop a dual-energy CT method for differentiating and quantifying high-Z contrast elements, evaluating the limitations based on element concentration and atomic number. Results showed that dual-energy CT can effectively differentiate and quantify high-Z elements with high accuracy. Differentiation between elements was proportional to the isoattenuating HU values.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Dominik Deniffel, Andreas Sauter, Alexander Fingerle, Ernst J. Rummeny, Marcus R. Makowski, Daniela Pfeiffer
Summary: The study suggests that DE-CT-derived IC and Z(eff) in addition to conventional HU values can be clinically useful for discriminating between primary lung cancer and pulmonary metastases. Combining these imaging parameters may improve the accuracy of differentiation between the two types of tumors.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Ralf Gutjahr, Robbert C. Bakker, Feiko Tiessens, Sebastiaan A. van Nimwegen, Bernhard Schmidt, Johannes Frank Wilhelmus Nijsen
Summary: The study evaluated the feasibility of dual-energy CT-based material decomposition to detect and quantify holmium microspheres in phantoms and rabbits. Results showed that spectral material decomposition using different tube voltage combinations allowed accurate quantifications for concentrations down to 0.125 mg/mL holmium.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zeliang Su, Etienne Decenciere, Tuan-Tu Nguyen, Kaoutar El-Amiry, Vincent De Andrade, Alejandro A. Franco, Arnaud Demortiere
Summary: The segmentation of tomographic images of battery electrode is crucial for material characterization and electrochemical simulation. We propose a deep learning approach using a CNN for real-world battery material datasets, achieving high accuracy with limited labeled data. We also address the uncertainty in the segmentation quality by identifying human bias in the training data.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Ferdinand Roski, Johannes Hammel, Kai Mei, Bernhard Haller, Thomas Baum, Jan S. Kirschke, Daniela Pfeiffer, Klaus Woertler, Franz Pfeiffer, Peter B. Noel, Alexandra S. Gersing, Benedikt J. Schwaiger
Summary: The study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of iodine-corrected vertebral BMD measurements derived from non-dedicated contrast-enhanced phantomless dual-layer spectral CT examinations. Converted BMD values adjusted for individual vessel iodine concentrations showed a high agreement with non-enhanced DLCT-BMD, suggesting that opportunistic BMD measurements are feasible even in non-dedicated contrast-enhanced DLCT examinations.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alexander K. Landauer, Zois Tsinas, Orion L. Kafka, Newell H. Moser, Jack L. Glover, Aaron M. Forster
Summary: This study investigates the effect of radiation exposure during in situ micro-computed X-ray tomography (mu CT) imaging on the thermal, chemical, and mechanical properties of a foam material. The results show that higher radiation dose leads to stiffness and increased dissipation, while also affecting thermal transitions and chemical structure.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xiaonan Cui, Sunyi Zheng, Wenjia Zhang, Shuxuan Fan, Jing Wang, Feipeng Song, Xu Liu, Weijie Zhu, Zhaoxiang Ye
Summary: A predicting model for histologic classification of solid lung lesions based on preoperative contrast-enhanced CT was developed and validated. The model used two clinical factors and twenty-one CT characteristics to construct a multinomial multivariable logistic regression model for classification. The model showed high diagnostic performance in both the development and validation cohorts, effectively stratifying histologic types of solid lung lesions and accurately assessing malignancy.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Manuel Viermetz, Nikolai Gustschin, Clemens Schmid, Jakob Haeusele, Bernhard Gleich, Bernhard Renger, Thomas Koehler, Franz Pfeiffer
Summary: X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an important imaging technique in clinical diagnostics. Dark-field CT, which provides additional microstructural information, has shown potential clinical value. In this paper, the performance of a prototype dark-field CT system is discussed, including the evaluation of the interferometer components and challenges related to integration into the CT gantry. The impact of the X-ray source and vibrations on the system are analyzed, and a beam hardening correction is introduced to enable quantitative dark-field imaging. The resolution and patient dose are also analyzed, and initial patient studies using the presented dark-field CT system are suggested.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Josua A. A. Decker, Jim O'Doherty, U. Joseph Schoepf, Thomas M. M. Todoran, Gilberto J. J. Aquino, Verena Brandt, Dhiraj Baruah, Nicola Fink, Emese Zsarnoczay, Thomas Flohr, Bernhard Schmidt, Thomas Allmendinger, Franka Risch, Akos Varga-Szemes, Tilman Emrich
Summary: This study assessed the impact of scan modes and reconstruction kernels using a novel dual-source photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) on the lumen visibility and sharpness of different stent sizes. The results showed that the UHR acquisition mode and sharp reconstruction kernels significantly improved the in-stent lumen visibility and sharpness, especially for smaller stent sizes.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Simon Lennartz, Anushri Parakh, Jinjin Cao, David Zopfs, Nils Grosse Hokamp, Avinash Kambadakone
Summary: The study investigates the inter-scan and inter-scanner variation of iodine concentration and attenuation in different DECT scanners, finding that the iodine concentration shows higher variation compared to attenuation values. This variation depends on the scanner pairs and organs assessed, highlighting the importance of acknowledging these differences in clinical and scientific DECT applications.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yuko Nakamura, Keigo Narita, Toru Higaki, Motonori Akagi, Yukiko Honda, Kazuo Awai
Summary: In this study, lower dose hepatic dynamic U-HRCT images reconstructed with DLR and MBIR were found to be superior to standard dose images reconstructed with hybrid-IR in both hepatic arterial and equilibrium phases. Only DLR images were found to be superior in terms of image quality scores.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Haruto Sugawara, Toshihiro Furuta, Akira Sumiyoshi, Megumi Iiyama, Masaru Kamitani, Aiko Suzuki, Arao Murakami, Osamu Abe, Ichio Aoki, Hiroyuki Akai
Summary: In this study, a CT lymphangiography method was established in mice via direct lymph node puncture. The results showed that the contrast ratios and visual assessment scores of lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels were significantly better in the direct puncture group compared to the CT or MR interstitial injection method.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Manuel Viermetz, Nikolai Gustschin, Clemens Schmid, Jakob Haeusele, Peter B. Noel, Roland Proksa, Stefan Loscher, Thomas Koehler, Franz Pfeiffer
Summary: Computed tomography (CT) is an important clinical diagnostics method, but its current limit to X-rays' attenuation contrast only can be expanded with dark-field imaging. Dark-field imaging offers access to more tissue properties, such as micro-structural texture or porosity. However, up-scaling this method to clinical scale is complex due to design constraints such as limited manufacturing technology and minimal modifications to the CT gantry. In this study, the advantages of an inverse interferometer and a triangular grating profile are discussed, making a compact and sensitive interferometer implementation feasible. The evaluation of the triangular grating profile reveals a deviation in the interference pattern compared to standard grating profiles, which must be taken into consideration in subsequent data processing.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas Sartoretti, Damien Racine, Victor Mergen, Lisa Jungblut, Pascal Monnin, Thomas G. Flohr, Katharina Martini, Thomas Frauenfelder, Hatem Alkadhi, Andre Euler
Summary: This study aimed to characterize image quality and determine the optimal strength levels of a novel iterative reconstruction algorithm for low-dose, ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT of the lung. The results showed that QIR-3 provided the optimal iterative reconstruction level for low-dose, ultra-high-resolution PCD-CT of the lungs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adam J. Brooks, Daniel S. Hussey, Kyungmin Ham, David L. Jacobson, Ingo Manke, Nikolay Kardjilov, Leslie G. Butler
Summary: This article surveys several neutron imaging and diffraction methods for non-destructive testing and evaluation of intact, commercial lithium-ion batteries. The results show that these methods can detect battery degradation, layering, and particle scattering. In practice, the size and shape of the battery have an impact on the applicability of these methods.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiaoyi Ning, Hongtao Yu, Shilin Mei, Yannik Schuetze, Sebastian Risse, Nikolay Kardjilov, Andre Hilger, Ingo Manke, Annika Bande, Victor G. Ruiz, Joachim Dzubiella, Hong Meng, Yan Lu
Summary: This study proves the concept of constructing binder- and carbon additive-free organosulfur cathode using thiol-containing conducting polymer PTBT. The PTBT-based cathode exhibits good reversible capacity and cycling performance, and eliminates the influence of additives, making it suitable for operando analysis as a model electrode.
Article
Electrochemistry
Hendrik Hoffmann, Melanie Cornelia Paulisch, Marcus Gebhard, Jens Osiewacz, Maximilian Kutter, Andre Hilger, Tobias Arlt, Nikolay Kardjilov, Barbara Ellendorff, Felix Beckmann, Henning Markoetter, Marius Luik, Thomas Turek, Ingo Manke, Christina Roth
Summary: Metal-based gas diffusion electrodes are used in chlor-alkali electrolysis and electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to achieve high current densities. The development of a modular cell design allows for monitoring oxygen reduction reaction and CO2 electrochemical reduction with minor modifications to the cell set-up. With this design, electrolyte distribution within the gas diffusion electrode can be observed in realistic conditions.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fengcheng Tang, Xia Zhang, Markus Osenberg, Chao Yang, Haifeng Huang, Andre Hilger, Masyuki Uesugi, Kentaro Uesug, Akihisa Takeuchi, Ingo Manke, Fu Sun, Libao Chen
Summary: A 3D Li-B-C-Al alloy anode is designed and fabricated to address the issues of dendritic Li growth and volume change in Li metal batteries. The prepared 3D alloy anode exhibits superior lithiophilicity and mechanical stability, and shows improved performance in comprehensive electrochemical tests. The underlying working mechanisms of the alloy anode are investigated using non-destructive and 3D synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (SX-CT) technique. The research showcases the potential application capability of the 3D alloy as an anode material for Li metal batteries and provides fundamental insights into its working mechanisms.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Francisco Garcia-Moreno, Tillmann Robert Neu, Paul Hans Kamm, John Banhart
Summary: X-ray tomography is a versatile tool in materials research and engineering that allows for non-destructive three-dimensional mapping of heterogeneous materials. Recent developments have greatly reduced the time needed for acquiring tomograms, enabling real-time studies of sample changes caused by reactions or processing operations. This article reviews the application of X-ray tomography and tomoscopy in metals, outlining the steps, challenges, and discussing future developments.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kang Dong, Fu Sun, Andre Hilger, Paul H. Kamm, Markus Osenberg, Francisco Garcia-Moreno, Ingo Manke
Summary: This study investigates the chemical and microstructural evolution of tin anodes in lithium-ion batteries using X-ray techniques. The volume variation of tin particles is found to affect electrode performance, and the potential root causes of electrode detachment and delamination are identified.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Robert Bradbury, Nikolay Kardjilov, Georg F. Dewald, Alessandro Tengattini, Lukas Helfen, Wolfgang G. Zeier, Ingo Manke
Summary: The elucidation of lithium ion transport pathways through a solid electrolyte separator is important for the development of all-solid-state batteries. Neutron imaging was performed on an all-solid-state lithium-sulfur battery using an increased Li-6 content in the anode. This allowed for differentiation between the mobile lithium ions diffusing through the cell and those initially located in the solid electrolyte, and demonstrated the lithium ion diffusion through the cell and the distribution of trapped lithium ions in charged and discharged states.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
H. Altaf, T. Milicic, T. Vidakovic-Koch, E. Tsotsas, Alessandro Tengattini, N. Kardjilov, T. Arlt, I. Manke, N. Vorhauer-Huget
Summary: In this study, neutron imaging was used to visualize and study invasion phenomena in fibrous porous transport layers (PTLs) of titanium felt under different flow conditions of gas and liquid phase. The invasion process was characterized by counter-current flow of water and air with joint imbibition and drainage processes. Neutron radiography and tomography were used to visualize the dynamics and study the static gas-liquid distributions. The results showed that the invasion occurred in repeated imbibition/drainage cycles, with frequencies depending on the flow conditions and the PTL structure.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Robert Bradbury, Georg F. Dewald, Marvin A. Kraft, Tobias Arlt, Nikolay Kardjilov, Juergen Janek, Ingo Manke, Wolfgang G. Zeier, Saneyuki Ohno
Summary: The low rate-capability of solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries is a major obstacle to their development. Neutron imaging has revealed that sluggish ion transport within the composite cathode is the main reason for this limitation. Furthermore, concentrated lithium near the current collector, discovered through state-of-charge-dependent tomography, indicates a previously overlooked loss mechanism caused by sluggish ion transport.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Patricia Torres-Regalado, Mercedes Santiago-Calvo, Josep Gimeno, Miguel Angel Rodriguez-Perez
Summary: This research focuses on the production, characterization, and modeling of PIR foams with HFO 1233zd (E) as the foaming agent. The study shows that increasing the amount of HFO reduces the foam density but does not affect the cellular structure. The mechanical properties remain the same for different HFO concentrations. Additionally, the research examines the aging process of thermal conductivity and finds that higher HFO concentrations lead to reduced thermal conductivity and slower aging rates.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ana Isabel Quilez-Molina, Suset Barroso-Solares, Miguel Angel Rodriguez-Perez, Javier Pinto
Summary: This study presents a new green synthesis method for functionalizing melamine foams with silver nanoparticles, using water as the only solvent. The optimized reaction conditions result in high yields and proper particle-size distribution, enhancing the performance of these materials in various fields.
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu-Cheng Gao, Bing Qin, Shao-Meng Wen, Yang You, Jingzhe Xue, Yi-Chen Yin, Zhi-Yuan Ma, Kang Dong, Yu-Feng Meng, Ingo Manke, Si-Chao Zhang, Zhi-Long Yu, Shu-Hong Yu
Summary: This study developed an improved ambient pressure drying strategy to enhance the drying process of freeze-cast ceramics. By exploiting ice etching, ionic cross-linking, and solvent exchange, the strategy can be applied to various ceramic species, metal ions, and freezing techniques. The incorporation of metal ions not only enhances liquid-phase sintering, but also provides customizable coloration and antibacterial properties to the ceramics.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
G. Reinhart, D. J. Browne, F. Kargl, F. Garcia-Moreno, M. Becker, E. Sondermann, K. Binder, J. S. Mullen, G. Zimmermann, R. H. Mathiesen, W. H. Sillekens, H. Nguyen-Thi
Summary: X-ray radioscopy enables in-situ monitoring of metal alloy processes and provides crucial information on the dynamics of the underlying phenomena. The combination of this imaging technique with microgravity experimentation has significantly advanced research in the fields of fundamental science and materials science. This review focuses on the history, facility developments, microgravity experiments, and results obtained by partners of the XRMON research project in the framework of the MAP programme.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Adam Doherty, Sylvain Fourmaux, Alberto Astolfo, Ralf Ziesche, Jonathan Wood, Oliver Finlay, Wiebe Stolpe, Darren Batey, Ingo Manke, Francois Legare, Matthieu Boone, Dan Symes, Zulfikar Najmudin, Marco Endrizzi, Alessandro Olivo, Silvia Cipiccia
Summary: Laser-plasma accelerators offer compact and embedded betatron X-ray sources with small size and ultrashort pulse length. This paper combines edge illumination-beam tracking technique with a compact plasma X-ray source to demonstrate multimodal imaging down to the femtosecond timescale.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shenghang Zhang, Fu Sun, Xiaofan Du, Xiaohu Zhang, Lang Huang, Jun Ma, Shanmu Dong, Andre Hilger, Ingo Manke, Longshan Li, Bin Xie, Jiedong Li, Zhiwei Hu, Alexander C. Komarek, Hong-Ji Lin, Chang-Yang Kuo, Chien-Te Chen, Pengxian Han, Gaojie Xu, Zili Cui, Guanglei Cui
Summary: By employing thermal-induced in situ polymerization of lithium perfluoropinacolatoaluminate, a novel interface-compatible and safe single-ion conductive 3D polymer electrolyte (3D-SIPE-LiFPA) has been developed. It is demonstrated that 3D-SIPE-LiFPA promotes the formation of a protective electrode/electrolyte interface and inhibits the dissolution-migration-deposition of transition metals. 3D-SIPE-LiFPA significantly enhances the cycle life and safety of NCM811/Li LMBs.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Taisei Hayashi, Kensei Ichiba, Daisuke Nakauchi, Takumi Kato, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
Summary: In this study, Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals with different doping levels were synthesized using the floating zone method, and their photoluminescence and scintillation properties were evaluated. The results showed that Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals exhibited broad emission bands in the near-infrared region and showed scintillation characteristics within specific wavelength ranges. Additionally, the samples with different Cr doping levels demonstrated different lower detection limits based on the dose rate response function.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Marouf, A. C. Chami, Y. Boudouma
Summary: This study develops a Monte Carlo simulation approach to describe proton-induced secondary electron emission in solids. Theoretical modeling based on the Mott's elastic scattering cross-section and Lindhard's dielectric function was used to calculate the double differential cross-section (DDCS) of excited electrons and describe electron transport in the medium. The results for aluminum show the angular and energy distributions of backscattered electrons for incident protons with energy below 25 keV at normal incidence, and the total electron emission yield also agrees well with available measurements.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Weipeng Yan, Baojun Duan, Zijian Zhu, Yan Song, Guzhou Song, Jiming Ma, Binkang Li, Yucheng Liu
Summary: This article reports on the scintillation performance of Lithium-doped 2D (PEA)2PbBr4 perovskite single crystals synthesized at room temperature. The crystals exhibit fast decay time, high light yield, and high spatial resolution, making them highly promising for medical diagnostic applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. B. Vishwakarma, S. K. Dubey, R. L. Dubey, I. Sulania, D. Kanjilal
Summary: Investigations have been conducted on the implanted SiO2 thin film after thermal annealing using various analytical techniques. The results revealed the absence of vacancy defects, variations in vibrational modes and the formation of new structures. The photoluminescence intensity of the annealed SiO2 samples was higher, with a decrease in non-radiative defect centers and an increase in radiative Si:SiO2 interface states. Additionally, the presence of silicon nanoclusters formed after annealing resulted in an additional radiative recombination peak. Furthermore, the formation of new SiOx structures was observed after thermal annealing.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Koshimizu, S. Kurashima, A. Kimura, M. Taguchi
Summary: By observing the scintillation time profiles of CeF3 under irradiations of pulsed beams with different LETs, we found that the initial decay was faster for higher LET, which is consistent with previous studies on other self-activated scintillators. This faster decay at higher LET can be explained by the competition between the scintillation caused by 5d-4f transition of Ce3+ ions and quenching due to the interaction between excited Ce3+ ions close to each other.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Junjie Shi, Jianhong Hao, Fang Zhang, Qiang Zhao, Bixi Xue, Jieqing Fan, Zhiwei Dong
Summary: This study examined the neutralization process and beam quality of a hydrogen beam by emitting negative hydrogen ions to a hydrogen target. The findings showed that the neutralization efficiency was influenced by variables such as the transport distance, energy, and target gas density. However, the maximal neutralization efficiency was not affected by the density of the target gas or the energy of the negative hydrogen ions.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
