Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Michimasa, T. Chillery, J. W. Hwang, T. Sumikama, S. Hanai, N. Imai, M. Dozono, S. Ota, D. S. Ahn, S. Hayakawa, Y. Hijikata, K. Kameya, K. Kawata, R. Kojima, K. Kusaka, J. Li, K. Miki, M. Ohtake, Y. Shimizu, D. Suzuki, H. Suzuki, H. Takeda, K. Yako, Y. Yanagisawa, K. Yoshida, M. Yoshimoto, S. Shimoura
Summary: The OEDO-SHARAQ system is the world's first beamline that degrades the energy of RI beams. It excels in high-resolution nuclear spectroscopy using RI beams. A recent minor update enhances the system's energy-degrading and high-resolution spectroscopy capabilities. This article highlights the achievements of the updated OEDO-SHARAQ system and recent experimental studies, as well as provides a brief overview of upcoming physics programs.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul Wolfram, Stephanie Weber, Kenneth Gillingham, Edgar G. Hertwich
Summary: The new research suggests that large-scale adoption of electric vehicles can significantly reduce emissions from vehicle tailpipes, but may also increase indirect emissions from energy and battery production. By combining energy modeling and life cycle assessment, the study shows that pricing both tailpipe and indirect emissions can lead to higher sales of electric vehicles and lower overall emissions. Expected technological advancements are predicted to offset emissions from electricity and battery production with reduced gasoline emissions, highlighting the potential of electric vehicles to reduce CO2 emissions through multiple channels.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Optics
M. Trigub, V. O. Troitskii, V. A. Dimaki
Summary: This paper presents the research and development results of a CuBr laser with continuous control of each pulse energy, using HBr additive to enhance energy-frequency characteristics. The laser pulse energy is controlled by high-voltage preionization pulses, achieving linear control of output power from 5 W to 0. The major factor in energy control is the population of metastable atoms, and the ratio between excitation pulse energy and preionization pulse energy for full suppression of lasing changes from 18 to 25 depending on the active media operating mode.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aninamol Ani, P. Poornesh, Albin Antony, K. K. Nagaraja, Ashok Rao, Gopalkrishna Hegde, Evgeny Kolesnikov, Igor Shchetinin, Suresh D. Kulkarni, Vikash Chandra Petwal, Vijay Pal Verma, Jishnu Dwivedi
Summary: The study investigated the influence of electron beam on CO gas sensing properties of indium-doped zinc oxide (IZO) thin films, showing that the structural changes and grain boundary variations after irradiation significantly affect the sensing performance. The enhancement in sensor response post-irradiation is attributed to the increase in oxygen vacancies and well-defined grain boundaries, which serve as crucial adsorption sites for CO gas.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. A. Zenin, I. Yu Bakeev, A. S. Klimov, E. M. Oks
Summary: The study showed that injecting low-energy thermionic electrons can decrease plasma electron temperature and density, effectively suppressing instabilities in the beam-plasma discharge system. Additionally, the minimal thermoelectron current required for suppressing the BPD increases with emission current and decreases with beam accelerating voltage.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
C. R. Hoffman, T. L. Tang, M. Avila, Y. Ayyad, K. W. Brown, J. Chen, K. A. Chipps, H. Jayatissa, B. P. Kay, C. Muller-Gatermann, H. J. Ong, J. Song, G. L. Wilson
Summary: An in-flight beam of N-16 was produced via the single-neutron adding (d,p) reaction in inverse kinematics. The isomer fraction of N-16 at different reaction energies was determined, and the sensitivity to the angular acceptance of the recoils was observed.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Thomas K. Langin, Varun Jorapur, Yuqi Zhu, Qian Wang, David DeMille
Summary: By optimizing cooling parameters and selecting appropriate beam polarizations, we successfully loaded SrF molecules into an optical dipole trap and observed the behavior of molecules at temperatures as low as 14 mu K.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yukai Lu, Connor M. Holland, Lawrence W. Cheuk
Summary: Recent work has shown that the differential ac Stark shifts resulting from the trap light itself can pose problems in laser-cooled molecules in attractive optical traps. This Letter investigates trapping and laser cooling of CaF molecules in a ring-shaped repulsive optical trap. The results demonstrate that Lambda-enhanced gray molasses cooling is effective within the trap, and a method is proposed for efficient transfer from molecular magneto-optical traps into conventional attractive optical traps.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Urszula Gryczka, Joana Madureira, Sandra Cabo Verde, Wojciech Migdal, Sylwester Bulka
Summary: This study irradiated black and white pepper samples with electron beams of different energies to determine the depth inhabited by microorganisms. The results showed that the 300 keV electron beam had a similar microbial inactivation effect as the high energy electron beam (9 MeV).
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wenjian Li, Liqiang Lu, Xianpeng Fu, Chi Zhang, Katja Loos, Yutao Pei
Summary: This study proposes a Karman vortex street driven membrane triboelectric nanogenerator for ultra-low speed wind energy harvesting and flow sensing. By introducing Karman vortex, the energy transducing efficiency of the nanogenerator is significantly increased at low wind speeds. It is successfully demonstrated to detect gas pipeline leakage with high sensitivity.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tian Wang, Qichang Zhang, Jianxin Han, Wei Wang, Yucheng Yan, Xinyu Cao, Shuying Hao
Summary: Due to their unique nonlinear characteristics, bionic structures can effectively broaden the acquisition bandwidth and improve the performance of energy harvesters. Inspired by the flight motion of dipterans, a novel bionic quadstable piezoelectric energy harvester (BQPEH) is designed to collect low-frequency vibration. The combination of the click mechanism and snap-through motion in this bionic energy harvester broadens its application scenarios and improves adaptability.
Article
Environmental Studies
Al-Amin B. Bugaje, Michael O. Dioha, Magnus C. Abraham-Dukuma, Muhammad Wakil
Summary: The global discussion on low-carbon energy transition focuses on phasing out fossil fuels and shifting to renewable energy solutions. However, due to different opportunities for innovative solutions and socio-economic realities, the nature of this transition may vary across countries. This article argues that natural gas still has a vital role to play in the future energy mix, especially considering certain countries' political-economic realities and new technological innovations. Therefore, countries should be allowed to define their own low-carbon pathways based on their local circumstances.
ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Michael Titze, Jonathan D. Poplawsky, Silvan Kretschmer, Arkady V. Krasheninnikov, Barney L. Doyle, Edward S. Bielejec, Gerhard Hobler, Alex Belianinov
Summary: Ion implantation is a crucial capability in the semiconductor industry. This study demonstrates a method for low-energy gold implantation and emphasizes the importance of model details in simulations.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Indranil Dutta, Sudipta Chatterjee, Hongfei Cheng, Rajesh Kumar Parsapur, Zhaolin Liu, Zibiao Li, Enyi Ye, Hajime Kawanami, Jonathan Sze Choong Low, Zhiping Lai, Xian Jun Loh, Kuo-Wei Huang
Summary: The storage and utilization of low-carbon electricity and decarbonization of transportation are crucial for the energy transition into a low-carbon economy. Formic acid (FA) is considered a promising energy carrier due to its high hydrogen storage capacity and low risk. This perspective summarizes recent developments in catalysts for FA dehydrogenation and high-pressure hydrogen production, highlighting the advantages and limitations of FA-to-power options. Existing life cycle assessment and economic analysis studies are reviewed to discuss the feasibility and future potential of FA as a fuel.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Magdalena Maria Skowyra, Christina Ankjaergaard, Liyun Yu, Lars Rene Lindvold, Anne Ladegaard Skov, Arne Miller
Summary: Low-energy electron beam accelerators are becoming increasingly important in the radiation processing industry. However, the currently used dosimeters cannot directly measure surface dose. This study proposes a polymer material as a dosimeter candidate, measuring dose-dependent fluorescence intensity using fluorescence microscopy. However, the stability and fluorescence properties of the material have not been fully optimized.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Taisei Hayashi, Kensei Ichiba, Daisuke Nakauchi, Takumi Kato, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
Summary: In this study, Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals with different doping levels were synthesized using the floating zone method, and their photoluminescence and scintillation properties were evaluated. The results showed that Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals exhibited broad emission bands in the near-infrared region and showed scintillation characteristics within specific wavelength ranges. Additionally, the samples with different Cr doping levels demonstrated different lower detection limits based on the dose rate response function.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Marouf, A. C. Chami, Y. Boudouma
Summary: This study develops a Monte Carlo simulation approach to describe proton-induced secondary electron emission in solids. Theoretical modeling based on the Mott's elastic scattering cross-section and Lindhard's dielectric function was used to calculate the double differential cross-section (DDCS) of excited electrons and describe electron transport in the medium. The results for aluminum show the angular and energy distributions of backscattered electrons for incident protons with energy below 25 keV at normal incidence, and the total electron emission yield also agrees well with available measurements.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Weipeng Yan, Baojun Duan, Zijian Zhu, Yan Song, Guzhou Song, Jiming Ma, Binkang Li, Yucheng Liu
Summary: This article reports on the scintillation performance of Lithium-doped 2D (PEA)2PbBr4 perovskite single crystals synthesized at room temperature. The crystals exhibit fast decay time, high light yield, and high spatial resolution, making them highly promising for medical diagnostic applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. B. Vishwakarma, S. K. Dubey, R. L. Dubey, I. Sulania, D. Kanjilal
Summary: Investigations have been conducted on the implanted SiO2 thin film after thermal annealing using various analytical techniques. The results revealed the absence of vacancy defects, variations in vibrational modes and the formation of new structures. The photoluminescence intensity of the annealed SiO2 samples was higher, with a decrease in non-radiative defect centers and an increase in radiative Si:SiO2 interface states. Additionally, the presence of silicon nanoclusters formed after annealing resulted in an additional radiative recombination peak. Furthermore, the formation of new SiOx structures was observed after thermal annealing.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Koshimizu, S. Kurashima, A. Kimura, M. Taguchi
Summary: By observing the scintillation time profiles of CeF3 under irradiations of pulsed beams with different LETs, we found that the initial decay was faster for higher LET, which is consistent with previous studies on other self-activated scintillators. This faster decay at higher LET can be explained by the competition between the scintillation caused by 5d-4f transition of Ce3+ ions and quenching due to the interaction between excited Ce3+ ions close to each other.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Junjie Shi, Jianhong Hao, Fang Zhang, Qiang Zhao, Bixi Xue, Jieqing Fan, Zhiwei Dong
Summary: This study examined the neutralization process and beam quality of a hydrogen beam by emitting negative hydrogen ions to a hydrogen target. The findings showed that the neutralization efficiency was influenced by variables such as the transport distance, energy, and target gas density. However, the maximal neutralization efficiency was not affected by the density of the target gas or the energy of the negative hydrogen ions.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)