Intranuclear cascade with emission of light fragment code implemented in the transport code system PHITS

The Intranuclear Cascade with Emission of Light Fragment (INC-ELF) code has been developed and implemented in the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS). The INC-ELF code explicitly includes nucleon correlations within the framework of the INC model to describe light fragment emissions from nuclear spallation reactions by using the model in Phys. Rev. C 84, (2011) 064617. In addition to the degrees of freedom of nucleons, the developed code also accounts for pions. Delta s, and N*s, and can cover energy ranges up to 3 GeV. The predictive capabilities of the ELF/PHITS system have been verified through comparison with a diverse set of experimental observations. In particular, the verification was conducted with abundant double-differential cross-section data covering a wide range of reactions (e.g., (p, p'x), (p, nx), (p, dx), (p, (3)Hex), (p, alpha x) and (p, pi x) reactions) over a wide energy range (between 400 MeV and 1.5 GeV). As a result, our ELF/PHITS code has demonstrated strong predictive capability for all of these data, although areas requiring future study remain due to the lack of experimental data on high-energy cluster production. (C) 2012 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.