Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ching-Che Lin, Shih-Ming Wang, Bo-Yi Chen, Cheng-Hung Chi, I-Ling Chang, Chih-Wei Chang
Summary: Recent developments in nanoscale thermal metrology using electron microscopy have shown impressive advancements. This study considers the potential of this technology in material analysis and introduces a direct thermal absorbance measurement platform for atomic number analysis at nanoscales.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohammed J. R. Aldhuhaibat, Maitham S. Amana, Najwa J. Jubier, A. A. Salim
Summary: The research evaluated the performance of different materials in absorbing gamma rays, and found that epoxy nanocomposites are effective in shielding gamma radiation.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Iskender Akkurt, Ali Alomari, Meltem Y. Imamoglu, Ismail Ekmekci
Summary: This research focuses on oxyfluoride glasses, which have been the main interest for many researchers for over a decade. The importance of glasses in various applications, especially in radiation shielding for human health, is the reason for this interest. The study investigates the gamma ray shielding characteristics of glasses with the formulation (20-x)CaF2-xAl2O3-20Bi2O3-59B2O3-CuO (x = 3,6,9,12,15) by obtaining linear attenuation coefficients (LAC), effective atomic number (Zeff), and effective electron density (Neff) using Phy-X/PSD code.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Lifu Zhang, Jie Jiang, Christian Multunas, Chen Ming, Zhizhong Chen, Yang Hu, Zonghuan Lu, Saloni Pendse, Ru Jia, Mani Chandra, Yi-Yang Sun, Toh-Ming Lu, Yuan Ping, Ravishankar Sundararaman, Jian Shi
Summary: Researchers demonstrate a persistent spin helix in an organic-inorganic hybrid ferroelectric halide perovskite. They show that the spin-polarized band structure can be switched via an intrinsic ferroelectric field. This discovery has the potential to resolve the control-relaxation dilemma in spintronic devices.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Behzad Koohi, Rahim Khabaz
Summary: This study investigates the backscattering distribution and saturation values of various materials in electron therapy using the Monte Carlo code MCNPX. The results show that the probability of electron backscattering is strongly dependent on the effective atomic number and energy. Equipment and accessories used in electron radiotherapy LINAC should be made of low atomic number material, and a layer of low atomic number material should be used for protection.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Tianyu Liu, Guobin Hong, Wenli Cai
Summary: This research compared various formalisms of Effective Atomic Number (Zeff), revealing their connections and application in material differentiation on dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). Results showed differences in Zeff values between Bourque and Taylor, and a categorization of formalisms at 61 keV into two groups with similar Zeff values within each group.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Li Chen, Xu Ji, Zhe Wang, Yang Chen
Summary: This study performed an error analysis of the material-decomposition-based Z(eff) quantification method and proposed a coefficient calibration-in-groups method to improve the modeling accuracy and reduce the Z(eff) quantification error. The proposed method, which calibrated the coefficients in different groups, showed the lowest average errors compared with the standard method using a single empirical m value. These findings reveal the importance of accurate coefficient calibration for improved Z(eff) quantification.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Long-Ji Yuan, Bo Liu, Li-Xiao Shen, Yun-Kun Dai, Qi Li, Chang Liu, Wei Gong, Xu-Lei Sui, Zhen-Bo Wang
Summary: A Cyan-Fe-N-C catalyst was constructed with the help of axial Fe4C atomic clusters, which exhibited high catalytic performance in acid environment. The Fe-pyrrolic N-4 structure was stabilized and optimized for OH* adsorption, resulting in excellent half-wave potential and power density in fuel cells.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ondrej Dyck, Andrew R. Lupini, Stephen Jesse
Summary: The scanning transmission electron microscope is being developed into a platform for atomic-scale material manipulation and fabrication, offering new capabilities and applications. This approach may significantly impact research in microelectronics, quantum information science, and catalysis, by enabling precise control over atomic-scale structure and chemistry, and providing a better understanding of atomic-scale processes for larger-scale synthesis.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ai-Gen Xie, Hong-Jie Dong, Zheng Pan
Summary: This study experimentally proves the universal formulae for lambda(chi(real), E-g, T) and lambda(chi(real), E-g, T)(p) of insulator with fewer impurities, providing new methods for investigating electron-insulator interaction and calculating secondary electron yield under different conditions.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Demet Yilmaz, Ali Gurol
Summary: In this study, samples with different effective atomic numbers were prepared by mixing powders through matrix dilution method. The variation of intensity ratios with effective atomic number was investigated, and reliable calibration curves for overlapping peak analyzes were obtained in EDXRF. The results show that the investigated intensity ratios can be used for qualitative analysis of composite materials.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Said M. Kassem, G. S. M. Ahmed, A. M. Rashad, S. M. Salem, S. Ebraheem, A. G. Mostafa
Summary: The study focused on the influence of lead cations on natural quartz glass shielding material, finding that increasing the concentration of PbO can enhance the shielding behavior towards gamma ray radiation in the glass samples.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yongjun Ji, Hui Zhou, Shaomian Liu, Ting Kang, Yu Zhang, Wenxing Chen, Dongxing Fu, Ziyi Zhong, Guangwen Xu, Xue-Qing Gong, Fabing Su
Summary: This study reports a lattice-confined strategy to obtain isolated single-site Sn atoms in CuO mesocrystals, which improves the catalytic performance. The Sn/CuO mesocrystal composite shows significantly better performances compared to other catalysts.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuncai Mei, Zehua Chen, Weitao Yang
Summary: The developed second-order correction eliminates systematic delocalization error in commonly used density functional approximations. It provides highly accurate approximation of ground-state orbital energies for small and medium-size molecules, with excellent predictions for ionization potentials, electron affinities, photoemission spectrum, and photoexcitation energies. This correction shows great potential for broad applications in computational spectroscopy.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuhang Wang, Guodong Zhang, Xiaosheng Huang, Zhicheng Tang, Hua Feng
Summary: CeSmFTi catalyst prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method showed enhanced catalytic performance and SO2 resistance in NH3-SCR reaction. Ce5Sm1FTi94 catalyst exhibited better catalytic activity, with NO conversion exceeding 90% at 320 degrees C. The presence of CeF3 regulated Ce3+ proportion, accelerated SCR reaction, and inhibited SO2 oxidation. Doping Sm into the catalyst improved acidity, redox performance, and inhibited SO2-cerium species combination, resulting in minimized sulfate species formation and better SO2 tolerance. The NH3-SCR reaction on Ce5Sm1FTi94 catalyst involved both L-H and E-R mechanisms, with L-H mechanism being dominant.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Taisei Hayashi, Kensei Ichiba, Daisuke Nakauchi, Takumi Kato, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
Summary: In this study, Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals with different doping levels were synthesized using the floating zone method, and their photoluminescence and scintillation properties were evaluated. The results showed that Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals exhibited broad emission bands in the near-infrared region and showed scintillation characteristics within specific wavelength ranges. Additionally, the samples with different Cr doping levels demonstrated different lower detection limits based on the dose rate response function.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Marouf, A. C. Chami, Y. Boudouma
Summary: This study develops a Monte Carlo simulation approach to describe proton-induced secondary electron emission in solids. Theoretical modeling based on the Mott's elastic scattering cross-section and Lindhard's dielectric function was used to calculate the double differential cross-section (DDCS) of excited electrons and describe electron transport in the medium. The results for aluminum show the angular and energy distributions of backscattered electrons for incident protons with energy below 25 keV at normal incidence, and the total electron emission yield also agrees well with available measurements.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Weipeng Yan, Baojun Duan, Zijian Zhu, Yan Song, Guzhou Song, Jiming Ma, Binkang Li, Yucheng Liu
Summary: This article reports on the scintillation performance of Lithium-doped 2D (PEA)2PbBr4 perovskite single crystals synthesized at room temperature. The crystals exhibit fast decay time, high light yield, and high spatial resolution, making them highly promising for medical diagnostic applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. B. Vishwakarma, S. K. Dubey, R. L. Dubey, I. Sulania, D. Kanjilal
Summary: Investigations have been conducted on the implanted SiO2 thin film after thermal annealing using various analytical techniques. The results revealed the absence of vacancy defects, variations in vibrational modes and the formation of new structures. The photoluminescence intensity of the annealed SiO2 samples was higher, with a decrease in non-radiative defect centers and an increase in radiative Si:SiO2 interface states. Additionally, the presence of silicon nanoclusters formed after annealing resulted in an additional radiative recombination peak. Furthermore, the formation of new SiOx structures was observed after thermal annealing.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Koshimizu, S. Kurashima, A. Kimura, M. Taguchi
Summary: By observing the scintillation time profiles of CeF3 under irradiations of pulsed beams with different LETs, we found that the initial decay was faster for higher LET, which is consistent with previous studies on other self-activated scintillators. This faster decay at higher LET can be explained by the competition between the scintillation caused by 5d-4f transition of Ce3+ ions and quenching due to the interaction between excited Ce3+ ions close to each other.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Junjie Shi, Jianhong Hao, Fang Zhang, Qiang Zhao, Bixi Xue, Jieqing Fan, Zhiwei Dong
Summary: This study examined the neutralization process and beam quality of a hydrogen beam by emitting negative hydrogen ions to a hydrogen target. The findings showed that the neutralization efficiency was influenced by variables such as the transport distance, energy, and target gas density. However, the maximal neutralization efficiency was not affected by the density of the target gas or the energy of the negative hydrogen ions.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)