Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
C. Masante, J. de Vecchy, F. Mazen, F. Milesi, L. Di Cioccio, J. Pernot, F. Lloret, D. Araujo, J. C. Pinero, N. Rochat, F. Pierre, F. Servant, J. Widiez
Summary: The effect of H+ implantation and annealing on diamond (100) monocrystalline substrates was studied using various techniques. Suitable blistering conditions were identified for the Smart Cut (TM) technology, and hydrogen-induced blistering was proven to be a crucial step for the transfer of thin diamond layers.
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Xiaoyu Ding, Xu Yuan, Tao Ju, Guohao Yu, Bingliang Zhang, Zhongkai Du, Zhongming Zeng, Baoshun Zhang, Xinping Zhang
Summary: A technique called ion implantation was used to passivate p-GaN and create a normally off p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN HEMT. Through experiments, it was determined that an ion implantation energy of 20 keV and a dosage of 1.5 x 10(13) cm(-2) were required for passivation. Annealing at 400 degrees C was found to be ideal for obtaining a normally off p-GaN HEMT with desirable electrical properties.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jing Li, Lixin Chen, Zhe Hua, Baodan Liu
Summary: In this study, a novel strategy for enhancing the photoelectrochemical performance of gallium-zinc oxynitride was developed by constructing a type-II heterojunction and modulating the vacancies. The optimized photoanode exhibited improved photocurrent density, and the addition of a CoPi co-catalyst further enhanced the performance.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alan G. Jacobs, Joseph A. Spencer, Jennifer K. Hite, Karl D. Hobart, Travis J. Anderson, Boris N. Feigelson
Summary: Codoping of gallium nitride with magnesium and silicon or oxygen via ion implantation and symmetric multicycle rapid thermal annealing is demonstrated. The results show enhanced photoluminescence, especially with oxygen codoping. The addition of nitrogen helps to balance stoichiometry and suppress defect photoluminescence signals. These findings have important implications for device design and the future use of ion implantation.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shaogang Liu, Sancan Han, Chenchao Xu, Huiwen Xu, Xianying Wang, Ding Wang, Yuankun Zhu
Summary: Micro-LEDs, as a new display technology, have advantages such as low power consumption, high brightness, high resolution, and fast response time, but their efficiency is reduced by strong surface non-radiative recombination. In this study, an ion implantation method was used to improve the luminous efficiency of GaN-based Micro-LEDs by inhibiting carrier surface non-radiative recombination, resulting in a 7-fold increase in photoluminescence intensity and a 33% increase in external quantum efficiency of the packaged Micro-LEDs chip. This research provides a new direction for improving the photoelectric performance of Micro-LEDs.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kozubal Maciej A, Pagowska Karolina, Taube Andrzej, Kruszka Renata, Maslyk Monika, Kaminska Eliana
Summary: This study investigates the electrical doping of GaN using Ge+ ion implantation for low-resistivity ohmic contacts, with a focus on reducing defect levels. The results show that implantation with a specific fluence of Ge+ ions can lead to ohmic contacts with a specific contact resistance of 0.60 ohm·mm, while lower and higher fluences result in worse contacts. The (SiO2)-Si-top/AlN bilayer is found to be the best encapsulation layer with good electrical parameters and reproducibility.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andris Berzins, Hugo Grube, Einars Sprugis, Guntars Vaivars, Ilja Fescenko
Summary: This study investigates the implantation of helium ions into diamonds to create NV layers. By measuring various parameters, it is found that increasing the implantation dose improves the magnetic sensitivity of the sensors. Additionally, subsequent annealing only has a slight impact on sensitivity.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. K. Sharma, P. K. Pujari
Summary: The study focuses on ion implantation of C ions into alpha-alumina crystals, followed by annealing, to investigate defect evolutions at different ion fluences. It is found that at the highest implanted dose, amorphization of damaged region occurs, while samples with lower fluence are recovered on annealing. The formation of open volume defects is observed in samples with higher fluence, confirmed through S-W correlation plots.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Zheng Wang, Liang Gao, Xiu-Li Zhu, Yue Yuan, Shiwei Wang, Long Cheng, Guang-Hong Lu
Summary: The transmutation element rhenium (Re) was found to play a significant role in inhibiting vacancy migration and clustering in tungsten (W) during heavy ion and deuterium plasma irradiation. Furthermore, rhenium was also observed to have a pinning effect on dislocations, resulting in smaller and shallower blistering compared to pure tungsten. The concentration profile of retained deuterium in rhenium-containing W alloy was different from that in pure W due to the influence of blister formation on deuterium inward diffusion, demonstrating the importance of rhenium on defect evolution in W under irradiation.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bingxi Xiang, Huangpu Han, Yujie Ma, Kaige Liu, Lei Wang, Lingbing Kong, Guangyue Chai, Shuangchen Ruan
Summary: Potassium-tantalate crystals were implanted with helium ions and then thermally treated to induce blistering, which was characterized using various techniques.
JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Antonino Scandurra, Matteo Testa, Giorgia Franzo, Giuseppe Greco, Fabrizio Roccaforte, Maria Eloisa Castagna, Cristiano Calabretta, Andrea Severino, Ferdinando Iucolano, Elena Bruno, Salvatore Mirabella
Summary: This study investigated the electrical isolation of 2DEG achieved through Ar ion implantation. The results showed that Ar ion implantation caused crystal lattice damage and significant reduction in 2DEG carrier density. Furthermore, the electrical isolation was found to be stable at high temperatures.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Pauli Kehayias, Jacob Henshaw, Maziar Saleh Ziabari, Michael Titze, Edward Bielejec, Michael P. Lilly, Andrew M. Mounce
Summary: This method uses numerical simulation and optimization algorithms to automatically generate ion implantation recipes to achieve the desired defect density profile in a solid. By fitting and interpolating, defect density profiles at arbitrary ion energies can be generated. Through calculations and comparisons, the optimal ion implantation recipes are determined.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xudong An, Hongqiang Zhang, Te Zhu, Qianqian Wang, Peng Zhang, Yamin Song, Mingpan Wan, Tengfei Yang, Xingzhong Cao
Summary: This study investigated the behavior of hydrogen and its interaction with defects in pure titanium using positron annihilation spectroscopy. The results showed a positive correlation between the structural damage of pure titanium and the energy of hydrogen ion implantation. Increasing the implantation dose resulted in changes in the structural features of defects, shifting the damage range from the peak damage region to the near surface region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bo Sun, Dong He, Hongbo Wang, Jiangchao Liu, Zunjian Ke, Li Cheng, Xiangheng Xiao
Summary: Introducing heteroatoms and defects is an important strategy to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction performance of electrocatalysts. Here, we demonstrated that oxygen vacancy-rich vanadium-doped Co3O4, fabricated by V-ion implantation, exhibits high efficiency in OER catalysis with low overpotential and small Tafel slope. This study provides valuable insights for the future design of heteroatom-doped and defect-based electrocatalysts.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mona A. Ebrish, Travis J. Anderson, Alan G. Jacobs, James C. Gallagher, Jennifer K. Hite, Michael A. Mastro, Boris N. Feigelson, Yekan Wang, Michael Liao, Mark Goorsky, Karl D. Hobart
Summary: This research examines the optimal conditions for Mg ion implantation and activation, finding that in situ epitaxial-grown AlN caps are more suitable for GaN activation annealing, and a high dose is needed at the surface to facilitate ohmic contact formation. This work provides valuable information for achieving an electrical activation of implanted Mg while maintaining the integrity of the crystalline structure of GaN.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nadine J. Schrenker, Zhuocheng Xie, Peter Schweizer, Marco Moninger, Felix Werner, Nicolas Karpstein, Mirza Makovic, George D. Spyropoulos, Manuela Goebelt, Silke Christiansen, Christoph J. Brabec, Erik Bitzek, Erdmann Spiecker
Summary: This study investigates the fundamental deformation modes of five-fold twinned AgNWs in anisotropic networks and observes the impact of network anisotropy on electrical performance. By using a scale-bridging microscopy approach, three fundamental deformation modes of NWs are identified, which can explain the behavior observed in the study.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Magdalena Sola-Garcia, Kelly W. Mauser, Matthias Liebtrau, Toon Coenen, Silke Christiansen, Sophie Meuret, Albert Polman
Summary: Photon bunching in incoherent cathodoluminescence spectroscopy results from the interaction of high-energy electrons with a material, generating multiple photons and revealing key properties of electron-matter excitation. An analytical model has been developed to describe the amplitude and shape of the second order autocorrelation function for continuous and pulsed electron beams, including ultrashort pulses. Experimental data on InGaN/GaN quantum wells show good agreement with the model, providing insights on excitation efficiencies and nonlinear effects.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Abernathy, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. Angelova, B. Baloukas, R. Bassiri, G. Billingsley, R. Birney, G. Cagnoli, M. Canepa, M. Coulon, J. Degallaix, A. Di Michele, M. A. Fazio, M. M. Fejer, D. Forest, C. Gier, M. Granata, A. M. Gretarsson, E. M. Gretarsson, E. Gustafson, E. J. Hough, M. Irving, E. Lalande, C. Levesque, A. W. Lussier, A. Markosyan, I. W. Martin, L. Martinu, B. Maynard, C. S. Menoni, C. Michel, P. G. Murray, C. Osthelder, S. Penn, L. Pinard, K. Prasai, S. Reid, R. Robie, S. Rowan, B. Sassolas, F. Schiettekatte, R. Shink, S. Tait, J. Teillon, G. Vajente, M. Ward, L. Yang
Summary: The study focused on co-sputtered tantala-zirconia thin films to reduce coating Brownian noise in gravitational-wave detectors, testing various sputtering processes and post-deposition heat treatment effects. Findings showed that co-sputtered zirconia can inhibit crystallization in tantala thin films, leading to decreased coating mechanical loss. Despite cracks observed in all coating samples after annealing, reducing heating and cooling rates to 7 degrees C h-1 could solve this issue, especially for ion-beam sputtered coatings.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Emile Lalande, Alexandre W. Lussier, Carl Levesque, Marianne Ward, Bill Baloukas, Ludvik Martinu, Gabriele Vajente, Garilynn Billingsley, Alena Ananyeva, Riccardo Bassiri, Martin M. Fejer, Francois Schiettekatte
Summary: This study aims to reduce noise caused by internal mechanical dissipation in high refractive index amorphous thin films by adding zirconia, which increases the crystallization temperature and allows for a lower loss angle. However, differences in thermal expansion coefficients between the film and the silica substrate lead to cracks at high annealing temperatures, requiring a silica capping layer to raise the crack formation temperature.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gabriele Vajente, Le Yang, Aaron Davenport, Mariana Fazio, Alena Ananyeva, Liyuan Zhang, Garilynn Billingsley, Kiran Prasai, Ashot Markosyan, Riccardo Bassiri, Martin M. Fejer, Martin Chicoine, Francois Schiettekatte, Carmen S. Menoni
Summary: The sensitivity of current and planned gravitational wave interferometric detectors is limited by a combination of quantum noise and thermal noise. Improved mixtures of TiO2 and GeO2 have been identified to reduce Brownian noise levels, providing potential for achieving thermal noise levels in line with design requirements for the detectors.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
George Sarau, Christoph Daniel, Martin Heilmann, Gerd Leuchs, Kerstin Amann, Silke H. Christiansen
Summary: Graphene-based materials are increasingly utilized in novel nanomedicine technologies due to their large contact and loading surfaces as well as high sensitivities to chemical changes. The study on biomolecule-monolayer graphene-kidney tissue hybrid structures revealed a double-sided graphene-enhanced Raman scattering effect and efficient autofluorescence quenching caused by graphene on kidney tissue emissions. These phenomena can be explained by molecular structure and energy level alignment, leading to effective charge transfer.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alexander T. Brown, Vedant S. Agrawal, Melissa A. Wunch, Jason Lin, Milana C. Thomas, John P. Ferraris, Yves J. Chabal, Kenneth J. Balkus
Summary: The preparation of yttrium hydroxide microspindles as catalyzers for carbon growth resulted in carbon materials with high surface area and conductivity, leading to the assembly of supercapacitor cells with excellent electrochemical performance at 1 A/g.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
M. Granata, A. Amato, M. Bischi, M. Bazzan, G. Cagnoli, M. Canepa, M. Chicoine, A. Di Michele, G. Favaro, D. Forest, G. M. Guidi, G. Maggioni, F. Martelli, M. Menotta, M. Montani, F. Piergiovanni, F. Schiettekatte
Summary: Brownian thermal noise associated with highly reflective coatings is a fundamental limit for precision experiments, including gravitational-wave detectors. Research is ongoing to find low thermal noise coatings that also meet strict optical requirements. Ion-beam-sputtered magnesium fluoride thin films are studied for their optical and mechanical properties and their potential application in current and future gravitational-wave detectors is discussed.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kirill Gubanov, Manuel Johnson, Melda Akay, Benedikt C. C. Wolz, Dan Shen, Xing Cheng, Silke Christiansen, Rainer H. H. Fink
Summary: Advances in organic materials manufacturing have enabled the creation of electronic devices using solution-processing techniques. This study demonstrates the use of micro-contact for high-quality structured electrodes in top-contact organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) by depositing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) polymer ink. The optimized solution-processing fabrication of OFETs shows promising potential for simple and cost-effective roll-to-roll manufacturing processes, with comparable electrical performance to transistors with gold electrodes and lower contact resistance (R-c) due to carbon-based organic electrodes.
ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Carl Levesque, Sjoerd Roorda, Francois Schiettekatte, Normand Mousseau
Summary: By using ARTN technique, this study identifies two types of TLSs in the a-Si model, which are closely related to the preparation schedule of a-Si. The mechanical loss in amorphous silicon is calculated to be 10(-3) at room temperature and 10(-4) at 150 K in some configurations.
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chalisa Gier, Marwa Ben Yaala, Callum Wiseman, Sean MacFoy, Martin Chicoine, Francois Schiettekatte, James Hough, Sheila Rowan, Iain Martin, Peter MacKay, Stuart Reid
Summary: The effects of reactive and sputtering oxygen partial pressure on the structure, stoichiometry, and optical properties of HfO2 thin films were systematically investigated. The amorphous structure of the films was determined by X-ray Diffraction, and the composition and stoichiometry were analyzed by Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry. The optical properties, including refractive index and bandgap energy, were found to vary by controlling the mixture of reactive and sputtering gas.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lamborghini Sotelo, Tommaso Fontanot, Sanjana Vig, Patrick Herre, Peyman Yousefi, Maria Helena Fernandes, George Sarau, Gerd Leuchs, Silke Christiansen
Summary: This study investigates the effect of the initial surface roughness of TiAl6V4 samples on laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS), surface wettability, and chemistry. Different polishing grain sizes were used to adjust the surface roughness of the samples. Laser irradiation was performed with varying laser power and distance. The resulting structures were characterized by SEM, AFM, Raman spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. The study also explores the bone implant viability of the generated structures. The results demonstrate that initial surface roughness affects the wettability and orientation of the resulting LIPSS, and structures with higher integrated fluence enhance cell differentiation and reduce bacterial activity, making them promising for bone implant compatibility and durability.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Lucia H. Prado, David Boehringer, Anca Mazare, Lamborghini Sotelo, George Sarau, Silke Christiansen, Ben Fabry, Patrik Schmuki, Sannakaisa Virtanen, Wolfgang H. Goldmann, Alexander B. Tesler
Summary: Researchers have developed a convenient UV-grafting technique to covalently attach silicone-based coatings to solid substrates. The short-time exposure to UV light results in the formation of lubricant-infused slippery surfaces (LISS), while longer exposure leads to the formation of semi-rigid cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coatings. These coatings exhibit excellent resistance to corrosion and biofouling in aquatic environments. Due to its simple fabrication, low cost, rapid binding kinetics, eco-friendliness, non-toxicity to aquatic life, and excellent wetting-repellent characteristics, this technology has great potential for implementation in aquatic environments.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Benedikt Christopher Wolz, Christian Jaremenko, Florian Vollnhals, Lasse Kling, Jan Wrege, Silke Christiansen
Summary: Through silicon vias (TSVs) are a key enabling technology for interconnection and realization of complex three-dimensional integrated circuit (3D-IC) components. X-ray microscopy (XRM) is a rising method for analyzing the internal structure of samples without destructive sample preparation. However, there is a lack of evaluated scan recipes or best practices for studying TSVs using XRM. In recent years, there has been increased interest in automated machine learning and deep learning approaches for qualitative and quantitative inspection processes.
ENGINEERING REPORTS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Carmen S. Menoni, Le Yang, Mariana Fazio, Gabriele Vajente, Alena Ananyeva, GariLynn Billingsley, Francois Schiettekatte, Martin Chicoine, Ashot Markosyan, Riccardo Bassiri, Martin M. Fejer
Summary: The survey focuses on the optical properties and mechanical loss of metal-oxide thin films, aiming to find the optimal materials for mirror coatings in gravitational wave detectors. Ta2O5 and GeO2 doped with TiO2 exhibit the lowest absorption and mechanical loss after post-processing annealing, demonstrating their suitability for mirror coatings.
2021 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO)
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Taisei Hayashi, Kensei Ichiba, Daisuke Nakauchi, Takumi Kato, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
Summary: In this study, Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals with different doping levels were synthesized using the floating zone method, and their photoluminescence and scintillation properties were evaluated. The results showed that Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals exhibited broad emission bands in the near-infrared region and showed scintillation characteristics within specific wavelength ranges. Additionally, the samples with different Cr doping levels demonstrated different lower detection limits based on the dose rate response function.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Marouf, A. C. Chami, Y. Boudouma
Summary: This study develops a Monte Carlo simulation approach to describe proton-induced secondary electron emission in solids. Theoretical modeling based on the Mott's elastic scattering cross-section and Lindhard's dielectric function was used to calculate the double differential cross-section (DDCS) of excited electrons and describe electron transport in the medium. The results for aluminum show the angular and energy distributions of backscattered electrons for incident protons with energy below 25 keV at normal incidence, and the total electron emission yield also agrees well with available measurements.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Weipeng Yan, Baojun Duan, Zijian Zhu, Yan Song, Guzhou Song, Jiming Ma, Binkang Li, Yucheng Liu
Summary: This article reports on the scintillation performance of Lithium-doped 2D (PEA)2PbBr4 perovskite single crystals synthesized at room temperature. The crystals exhibit fast decay time, high light yield, and high spatial resolution, making them highly promising for medical diagnostic applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. B. Vishwakarma, S. K. Dubey, R. L. Dubey, I. Sulania, D. Kanjilal
Summary: Investigations have been conducted on the implanted SiO2 thin film after thermal annealing using various analytical techniques. The results revealed the absence of vacancy defects, variations in vibrational modes and the formation of new structures. The photoluminescence intensity of the annealed SiO2 samples was higher, with a decrease in non-radiative defect centers and an increase in radiative Si:SiO2 interface states. Additionally, the presence of silicon nanoclusters formed after annealing resulted in an additional radiative recombination peak. Furthermore, the formation of new SiOx structures was observed after thermal annealing.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Koshimizu, S. Kurashima, A. Kimura, M. Taguchi
Summary: By observing the scintillation time profiles of CeF3 under irradiations of pulsed beams with different LETs, we found that the initial decay was faster for higher LET, which is consistent with previous studies on other self-activated scintillators. This faster decay at higher LET can be explained by the competition between the scintillation caused by 5d-4f transition of Ce3+ ions and quenching due to the interaction between excited Ce3+ ions close to each other.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Junjie Shi, Jianhong Hao, Fang Zhang, Qiang Zhao, Bixi Xue, Jieqing Fan, Zhiwei Dong
Summary: This study examined the neutralization process and beam quality of a hydrogen beam by emitting negative hydrogen ions to a hydrogen target. The findings showed that the neutralization efficiency was influenced by variables such as the transport distance, energy, and target gas density. However, the maximal neutralization efficiency was not affected by the density of the target gas or the energy of the negative hydrogen ions.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
