Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dylan J. Jester, Barton W. Palmer, Michael L. Thomas, Lauren L. Brown, Lize Tibirica, Dilip V. Jeste, Todd Gilmer
Summary: The impact of years of education on cognitive decline varies by race and ethnicity due to historical and current inequities in educational quality. This study found that, regardless of educational attainment, Black and Latinx adults had lower cognitive scores compared to White adults. Higher-educated White adults received the greatest protection from cognitive decline, followed by Latinx adults and then Black adults.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jessica K. Bone, Gemma Lewis, Jonathan P. Roiser, Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, Glyn Lewis
Summary: The study found that adolescents who recalled more self-referential negative words had more severe depressive symptoms, and this association was stronger in females.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Silvia Amoretti, Adriane R. Rosa, Gisela Mezquida, Bibiana Cabrera, Maria Ribeiro, Mariola Molina, Miquel Bioque, Antonio Lobo, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, David Fraguas, Iluminada Corripio, Eduard Vieta, Elena de la Serna, Laura Morro, Marina Garriga, Carla Torrent, Manuel J. Cuesta, Miguel Bernardo
Summary: This study explored the mediating effects of cognitive reserve on the relationship between cognitive performance, clinical symptoms, and functioning in first-episode psychosis patients. The results showed that cognitive reserve partially mediated the relationship between attention and negative symptoms at baseline and functioning at follow-up, and fully mediated the relationship between verbal memory and functioning at follow-up. The findings highlight the importance of cognitive reserve in understanding the long-term functioning of patients with first-episode psychosis.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Nikki L. Hill, Sakshi Bhargava, Emily Bratlee-Whitaker, Jennifer R. Turner, Monique J. Brown, Jacqueline Mogle
Summary: Older adults who were more likely to report SCD had lower average objective memory (between-person associations), and depressive symptoms partially mediated this relationship in three of four datasets. However, changes in depressive symptoms did not mediate the relationship between reports of SCD and declines in objective memory in three of four datasets (within-person associations).
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Deborah Pacifico, Serena Sabatini, Maddalena Fiordelli, Anna Maria Annoni, Anja Frei, Milo Puhan, Gwendolyn Graf, Emiliano Albanese
Summary: The study found that speaking multiple languages and having higher language proficiency were positively associated with better cognitive functioning in community-dwelling older adults, but not in institutionalized older adults. Multilingualism may contribute to cognitive reserve and delay cognitive decline in late life.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sara B. Festini
Summary: Considerable research has shown the benefits of sustaining mental engagement in older adulthood. However, the relationship between general daily levels of busyness and cognition has been understudied. Open questions remain about the causal link between a busy lifestyle and mental prowess, the relationship between busyness and stress, and methodological approaches to measure and track busyness levels.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Andrea M. Loftus, Natalie Gasson, Nicole Lopez, Michelle Sellner, Carly Reid, Naomi Cocks, Blake J. Lawrence
Summary: This study found that different proxies of cognitive reserve have varying effects on executive function and memory in patients with Parkinson's disease, with years of education potentially beneficial for verbal fluency and immediate recall.
Article
Cell Biology
Valentin Ourry, Stephane Rehel, Claire Andre, Alison Mary, Leo Paly, Marion Delarue, Florence Requier, Anne Hendy, Fabienne Collette, Natalie L. Marchant, Francesca Felisatti, Cassandre Palix, Denis Vivien, Vincent de la Sayette, Gael Chetelat, Julie Gonneaud, Geraldine Rauchs
Summary: Sleep, especially slow wave sleep, plays a crucial role in cognitive functioning, but it is reduced in older adults. Cognitive reserve (CR) may modulate the impact of sleep on cognition. This study found that individuals with higher CR were able to maintain cognitive performance despite lower amounts of slow wave sleep, suggesting that CR may protect against age-related sleep changes on cognition.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sunhae Kim, Kounseok Lee
Summary: This study examined depressive symptoms among elderly individuals with subjective memory complaints (SMCs) through network analysis. The results showed that depressed mood and anhedonia were the most important factors in the subjective cognitive decline group.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Panico, Laura Sagliano, Alfonso Magliacano, Gabriella Santangelo, Luigi Trojano
Summary: This review explores the relationship between Cognitive Reserve (CR) and cognition in adulthood. The results suggest a positive association between CR and almost all cognitive domains. However, limited studies on constructional abilities prevent a clear conclusion in this area.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sebastian Walsh, Robert Luben, Shabina Hayat, Carol Brayne
Summary: Playing a musical instrument in late mid-life is positively associated with later-life cognition, with frequent musicians demonstrating the best cognitive performance. Frequency of music playing appears to be a more informative measure than binary classification, and there is evidence of a threshold effect rather than a linear dose-response relationship.
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Antonella Sociali, Marta Borgi, Mauro Pettorruso, Francesco Di Carlo, Chiara Di Natale, Antonio Tambelli, Maria C. Alessi, Laura Ciavoni, Alessio Mosca, Andrea Miuli, Stefano L. Sensi, Giovanni Martinotti, Francesca Zoratto, Massimo Di Giannantonio
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of cognitive remediation (CR) in treating depressive symptoms and found that CR significantly improved depressive symptomatology. The results suggest that CR should be considered as an augmentation treatment for depression, especially among young individuals.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ana M. Sanchez-Torres, Silvia Amoretti, Monica Enguita-German, Gisela Mezquida, Lucia Moreno-Izco, Rocio Panadero-Gomez, Lide Rementeria, Alba Toll, Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez, Alexandra Roldan, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Angela Ibanez, Judith Usall, Fernando Contreras, Eduard Vieta, Jose M. Lopez-Ilundain, Jessica Merchan-Naranjo, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Esther Berrocoso, Miguel Bernardo, Manuel J. Cuesta
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between relapse, cognitive function, and cognitive reserve in schizophrenia patients. The results showed that higher personal cognitive reserve mitigated the negative effects of relapse on attention performance, while higher cognitive reserve (both personal and familial) improved processing speed and visual memory in patients who did not relapse. These findings provide evidence for the protective effect of cognitive reserve over the course of the illness.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Silvia Amoretti, Norma Verdolini, Cristina Varo, Gisela Mezquida, Ana M. Sanchez-Torres, Eduard Vieta, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Antonio Lobo, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Renzo Abregu-Crespo, Iluminada Corripio, Maria Serra, Elena de la Serna, Anna Mane, J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases, Manuel J. Cuesta, Miguel Bernardo
Summary: This study examined the impact of cognitive reserve and cannabis use on clinical and functional outcomes in first-episode psychosis patients. The results showed that regardless of cannabis use, cognitive reserve was associated with better cognitive performance. In patients who did not use cannabis, cognitive reserve was also associated with better clinical and functional outcomes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Teresa Montoliu, Mariola Zapater-Fajari, Vanesa Hidalgo, Alicia Salvador
Summary: Openness to experience is consistently associated with better cognitive functioning in older people, but its association with cognitive decline is less clear. This study aimed to analyze the potential mediating role of cognitive reserve in the association between openness and cognitive functioning and decline in healthy older people.
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Vonetta M. Dotson, Shawn M. McClintock, Paul Verhaeghen, Joseph U. Kim, Amanda A. Draheim, Sarah M. Syzmkowicz, Andrew M. Gradone, Hannah R. Bogoian, Liselotte De Wit
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
(2020)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Jacqueline S. Laures-Gore, Vonetta M. Dotson, Samir Belagaje
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah M. Szymkowicz, Liam J. Ellis, Pamela E. May
Summary: This study aimed to determine the applicability of the 3-item Withdrawal-Apathy-Lack of Vigor (WAV) subscale in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease patients, finding it not supported in this sample. While the internal consistency of GDS-15 was acceptable, data reduction techniques revealed components different from the reported subscale. The study concluded that the existing factor structures of GDS-15 were not suitable for this sample.
JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Julie Lutz, Kimberly A. Van Orden, Martha L. Bruce, Yeates Conwell
Summary: Both social disconnection and suicide are significant public health concerns among older adults, and social disconnection is associated with greater risk for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors in late life. Researchers have identified several mechanisms linking social disconnection to suicide risk in late life, including biological, behavioral, and psychological factors. While research has shown potential for change in social connection, interventions to mitigate social disconnection and related risks in late life still require further exploration.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Hannah R. Bogoian, Vonetta M. Dotson
Summary: Older Black Americans are at a higher risk of developing vascular depression (VaDep), with preliminary support for cognitive and functional deficits in this population. There is a need for further neuroimaging and neuropsychological research in Black older adults with comorbid depression and vascular disease, highlighting the importance of screening for depressive symptoms in individuals with multiple vascular risk factors.
CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGIST
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Vonetta M. Dotson, Zinat Taiwo, Lex R. Minto, Hannah R. Bogoian, Andrew M. Gradone
Summary: This study found that asymmetries in cortical thickness are apparent even at subthreshold levels of depressive symptoms, with different symptom dimensions showing different patterns of cortical asymmetry. Understanding these relationships is important for informing targeted depression treatment.
COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Vonetta M. Dotson, Andrew M. Gradone, Hannah R. Bogoian, Lex R. Minto, Zinat Taiwo, Zachary N. Salling
Summary: Exercise may be a viable alternative or adjunctive treatment for cognitive impairment in late-life depression, as it can improve cognitive functioning and benefit depression. However, existing clinical trial results are mixed, indicating the need for further research.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Vonetta M. Dotson, Hannah R. Bogoian, Andrew M. Gradone, Zinat Taiwo, Lex R. Minto
Summary: This study found that increased depressive symptoms were associated with increased asymmetry in cuneal cortical thickness, especially in men. Additionally, somatic symptoms may be a key factor in the relationship between cuneal cortical thickness asymmetry and depressive symptoms.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sarah M. Szymkowicz, Claire Ryan, Damian M. Elson, Hakmook Kang, Warren D. Taylor
Summary: This study aimed to identify cognitive phenotypes in late-life depression (LLD) and examine the relationships with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Three different cognitive phenotypes were identified, which showed slight differences in age, education level, race, and cognitive functioning. These findings provide insights into the heterogeneity of LLD and can contribute to a better understanding of the different phenotypes in late-life depression.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Sarah M. Szymkowicz, Warren D. Taylor, Adam J. Woods
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Vonetta M. M. Dotson
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Ilex Beltran-Najera, Andrea Mustafa, Desmond Warren, Zach Salling, Maria Misiura, Steven Paul Woods, Vonetta M. Dotson
Summary: This study aimed to determine the frequency and everyday functioning implications of vascular depression among people living with HIV. The results showed that HIV infection was associated with a three-fold increased risk of vascular depression, and PLWH with vascular depression had significantly greater odds of dependence in everyday functioning. This study highlights the clinical importance of understanding vascular depression in the context of HIV disease.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Psychology
Taylor A. James, Samuel Weiss-Cowie, Zachary Hopton, Paul Verhaeghen, Vonetta M. Dotson, Audrey Duarte
Summary: This meta-analysis revealed small to moderate deficits in episodic memory in individuals with depression, with older age, clinical depression, and medication usage exacerbating these deficits. However, deficits were less pronounced in memory for negative material and with higher educational attainment. These findings underscore the importance of considering cognitive symptoms in diagnosing and treating depression.
PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sarah M. Szymkowicz, Vonetta M. Dotson, Rodney D. Vanderploeg
Summary: The study found inverse relationships between specific depressive symptom subscales (Subjective Depression and Mental Dullness) and attentional control in young to middle-aged men without clinical depression, while no significant relationships were observed for total depressive symptoms or for the group analyses. The findings suggest weak associations between depressive symptoms and cognition in this population, contributing to the literature on inconsistent findings in depressive symptom-cognition relationships.
AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION
(2021)
