Article
Chemistry, Physical
Iskender Akkurt, Ali Alomari, Meltem Y. Imamoglu, Ismail Ekmekci
Summary: This research focuses on oxyfluoride glasses, which have been the main interest for many researchers for over a decade. The importance of glasses in various applications, especially in radiation shielding for human health, is the reason for this interest. The study investigates the gamma ray shielding characteristics of glasses with the formulation (20-x)CaF2-xAl2O3-20Bi2O3-59B2O3-CuO (x = 3,6,9,12,15) by obtaining linear attenuation coefficients (LAC), effective atomic number (Zeff), and effective electron density (Neff) using Phy-X/PSD code.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohammed J. R. Aldhuhaibat, Maitham S. Amana, Najwa J. Jubier, A. A. Salim
Summary: The research evaluated the performance of different materials in absorbing gamma rays, and found that epoxy nanocomposites are effective in shielding gamma radiation.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ching-Che Lin, Shih-Ming Wang, Bo-Yi Chen, Cheng-Hung Chi, I-Ling Chang, Chih-Wei Chang
Summary: Recent developments in nanoscale thermal metrology using electron microscopy have shown impressive advancements. This study considers the potential of this technology in material analysis and introduces a direct thermal absorbance measurement platform for atomic number analysis at nanoscales.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
H. Sakurai, K. Hoshi, I. Morimoto, Y. Shiroto, K. Ishizaki, K. Suzuki, Y. Hasebe, Y. Ohno, M. Torikoshi
Summary: In this study, a method is proposed to derive the electron density and effective atomic number of an object from measured X-ray attenuation coefficients. The method is based on a simple approximation and experimental calibration using standard materials. The results show that the method can obtain an accuracy of 1.4% for electron density and 1.1% for effective atomic number.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Halil Durak, Esra Kavaz, Berna Oto, Aydin Aras
Summary: Bricks, as radiation shielding materials, show potential due to their mechanical and thermal properties. This study examined the nuclear radiation attenuation parameters of bricks with varying Cobalt content, finding that increasing Cobalt addition improves the shielding capacity of the bricks for gamma and neutron radiation.
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Doniyor Jumanazarov, Jakeoung Koo, Jan Kehres, Henning F. Poulsen, Ulrik L. Olsen, Mihai Iovea
Summary: The development of energy resolving photon counting detectors (PCD) has allowed for spectral X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) to extract the energy dependence of a material's linear attenuation coefficient (LAC). However, the poor image reconstruction quality in security screening may hinder the application of spectral CT. This study proposes an accurate reconstruction method using L(infinity)-norm-based vectorial total variation (L-infinity-VTV) regularization to improve the image reconstruction quality for material identification in rapid scanning scenarios.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Caterina Ghetti, Ornella Ortenzia, Marco Bertolini, Giada Sceni, Nicola Sverzellati, Mario Silva, Michele Maddalo
Summary: The accuracy of spectral parameters quantification in dual energy lung CT examinations was evaluated using a dedicated phantom on four different CT scanners. Angular separation of Calcium and Iodine signals was calculated, and measurements were made using different technologies. Different technologies showed varying degrees of accuracy and precision, with DSCT performing the best and TwinBeam performing the worst.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Behzad Koohi, Rahim Khabaz
Summary: This study investigates the backscattering distribution and saturation values of various materials in electron therapy using the Monte Carlo code MCNPX. The results show that the probability of electron backscattering is strongly dependent on the effective atomic number and energy. Equipment and accessories used in electron radiotherapy LINAC should be made of low atomic number material, and a layer of low atomic number material should be used for protection.
Article
Oncology
Chijie Xu, Lingling Kong, Xiaoyi Deng
Summary: The utility of Rho/Z on dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) for differentiating between osteoblastic metastases (OBMs) and bone islands (BIs) was evaluated in this study. The results showed that DECT can provide quantitative values of Z, Rho, and DEI and has good performance in distinguishing between OBMs and BIs.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ziao Liu, Jixi Lu, Yeguang Yan, Di Zhan, Weiyi Wang, Xiaoyu Li, Jianli Li
Summary: In this study, an in-situ measurement and control method of atomic number density based on light absorption in a wide temperature range (60 degrees C-160 degrees C) is proposed. A light absorption-density model is proposed to accurately describe the relationship between light transmittance and atomic number density. The influence of magnetic fields on the measurement of atomic number density is analyzed. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can limit the fluctuation of atomic number density within 1.4%.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Margherita Martini, Pierre Francus, Leonardo Di Schiavi Trotta, Philippe Despres
Summary: This study explores a stoichiometric calibration method for dual-energy imaging to identify common minerals in geological specimens. By analyzing 23 common minerals and mapping their Z(eff) and rho(e), the method was found to correctly identify minerals with similar properties.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Masatoshi Saito
Summary: The DEEDZ-MD method successfully derives mass density of human tissues by establishing a relationship between the atomic number-to-mass ratio and Z(eff), with experimental results confirming its feasibility and allowing for the generation of mass density images.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Tianyu Liu, Guobin Hong, Wenli Cai
Summary: This research compared various formalisms of Effective Atomic Number (Zeff), revealing their connections and application in material differentiation on dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). Results showed differences in Zeff values between Bourque and Taylor, and a categorization of formalisms at 61 keV into two groups with similar Zeff values within each group.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yusuf Kavun, Suleyman Kerli, Hasan Eskalen, Mustafa Kavgaci
Summary: In this study, pure indium oxide and samarium-doped In2O3 thin films were synthesized using the spray pyrolysis method. The crystal structure and linear attenuation coefficient of the films were characterized and measured, and their radiation shielding performance was evaluated.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Li Chen, Xu Ji, Zhe Wang, Yang Chen
Summary: This study performed an error analysis of the material-decomposition-based Z(eff) quantification method and proposed a coefficient calibration-in-groups method to improve the modeling accuracy and reduce the Z(eff) quantification error. The proposed method, which calibrated the coefficients in different groups, showed the lowest average errors compared with the standard method using a single empirical m value. These findings reveal the importance of accurate coefficient calibration for improved Z(eff) quantification.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Taisei Hayashi, Kensei Ichiba, Daisuke Nakauchi, Takumi Kato, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
Summary: In this study, Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals with different doping levels were synthesized using the floating zone method, and their photoluminescence and scintillation properties were evaluated. The results showed that Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals exhibited broad emission bands in the near-infrared region and showed scintillation characteristics within specific wavelength ranges. Additionally, the samples with different Cr doping levels demonstrated different lower detection limits based on the dose rate response function.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Marouf, A. C. Chami, Y. Boudouma
Summary: This study develops a Monte Carlo simulation approach to describe proton-induced secondary electron emission in solids. Theoretical modeling based on the Mott's elastic scattering cross-section and Lindhard's dielectric function was used to calculate the double differential cross-section (DDCS) of excited electrons and describe electron transport in the medium. The results for aluminum show the angular and energy distributions of backscattered electrons for incident protons with energy below 25 keV at normal incidence, and the total electron emission yield also agrees well with available measurements.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Weipeng Yan, Baojun Duan, Zijian Zhu, Yan Song, Guzhou Song, Jiming Ma, Binkang Li, Yucheng Liu
Summary: This article reports on the scintillation performance of Lithium-doped 2D (PEA)2PbBr4 perovskite single crystals synthesized at room temperature. The crystals exhibit fast decay time, high light yield, and high spatial resolution, making them highly promising for medical diagnostic applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. B. Vishwakarma, S. K. Dubey, R. L. Dubey, I. Sulania, D. Kanjilal
Summary: Investigations have been conducted on the implanted SiO2 thin film after thermal annealing using various analytical techniques. The results revealed the absence of vacancy defects, variations in vibrational modes and the formation of new structures. The photoluminescence intensity of the annealed SiO2 samples was higher, with a decrease in non-radiative defect centers and an increase in radiative Si:SiO2 interface states. Additionally, the presence of silicon nanoclusters formed after annealing resulted in an additional radiative recombination peak. Furthermore, the formation of new SiOx structures was observed after thermal annealing.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Koshimizu, S. Kurashima, A. Kimura, M. Taguchi
Summary: By observing the scintillation time profiles of CeF3 under irradiations of pulsed beams with different LETs, we found that the initial decay was faster for higher LET, which is consistent with previous studies on other self-activated scintillators. This faster decay at higher LET can be explained by the competition between the scintillation caused by 5d-4f transition of Ce3+ ions and quenching due to the interaction between excited Ce3+ ions close to each other.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Junjie Shi, Jianhong Hao, Fang Zhang, Qiang Zhao, Bixi Xue, Jieqing Fan, Zhiwei Dong
Summary: This study examined the neutralization process and beam quality of a hydrogen beam by emitting negative hydrogen ions to a hydrogen target. The findings showed that the neutralization efficiency was influenced by variables such as the transport distance, energy, and target gas density. However, the maximal neutralization efficiency was not affected by the density of the target gas or the energy of the negative hydrogen ions.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)