Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
E. M. Abou Hussein, Mirham A. Y. Barakat
Summary: By measuring the structural, optical, physical, and ultrasonic properties of Fe-bismuth borate glasses, it is found that these glasses exhibit stable performance against γ irradiation doses up to 60 kGy. The polarizable Bi3+ ions help block the passage of radiation photons, while the presence of Fe2+/Fe3+ enhances the absorption of defect color centers caused by irradiation.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Jiangjiang Mao, Kunjie Yang, Xu Chen, Shikun Zhu, Guoqiang Zhang, Fan Yang, Xiaoyang Zhang, Kemian Qin, Tieshan Wang, Haibo Peng
Summary: The study on borosilicate glass irradiated with gamma rays found that the irradiation had an impact on the surface structure, which was influenced by the glass composition. Therefore, the effects of gamma irradiation on vitrification properties need to be paid more attention to.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
E. M. Abou Hussein, Y. S. Rammah
Summary: In this study, borosilicate glasses doped with ZrO2 were successfully prepared from municipal waste ash. The effects of gamma radiation on the properties of the glasses were evaluated, and it was found that the glasses had different optical and structural properties after irradiation. The glasses showed high chemical stability and potential applications in radiation shielding.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ramandeep Kaur, R. B. Rakesh, Sachin G. Mhatre, Vijeta Bhatia, Dinesh Kumar, Harpreet Singh, Supreet Pal Singh, Ashok Kumar
Summary: Trivalent neodymium ion activated glasses were synthesized and studied for their structural, physical, optical, and thermoluminescence properties. One sample was identified as a potential candidate for radiation dosimetry based on its linear dose response curve.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
M. S. Sadeq, I. I. Bashter, S. M. Salem, S. F. Mansour, H. A. Saudi, M. I. Sayyed, A. G. Mostafa
Summary: In this study, borosilicate glasses doped with mixed heavy metals were investigated for their transparency and gamma-ray shielding properties. The results showed that these doped glasses were transparent to visible light and exhibited effective shielding against gamma rays.
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hariom Kumar Kaushik, Amardeep Kaur, Vijay Garg, Km Abida, Sushil Kumar, K. Singh, Supreet Pal Singh, Savidh Khan
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of copper on the physical, structural, and optical properties of lithium borosilicate glasses. XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy are used to characterize the samples and study their structure and optical properties. Various physical parameters such as density, molar volume, oxygen packing density, ionic concentration, and inter-ionic distance are examined. The band gap decreases with the doping of CuO in Li2O, and the BO4 structural units transform into BO3 units. The change in dielectric constant, extinction coefficient, refractive index, and skin depth as a function of wavelength is discussed, and the theoretical optical basicity and oxide ion polarizability increase with Li2O doping.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
M. Monisha, Nouf Almousa, Naregundi Karunakara, Sudha D. Kamath, M. Sayyed
Summary: The present study investigates the properties of Sm3+-doped Zinc Alumino Borosilicate (ZABS) glasses, including their structure, thermal stability, and optical behavior. The glasses exhibit amorphous nature and good thermal stability. They show intense emission at 599 nm and have potential applications in luminescent display and laser materials.
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. Al Mahalawy, H. Farouk, A. Ratep, I. Kashif
Summary: Glass samples with varying composition were prepared and analyzed for absorption and emission spectra, revealing a decrease in PL intensity with increasing Bi2O3 content, while all fundamental parameters closely matched the standard values for high Bi2O3 content glass samples.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ashwitha Nancy D'Souza, Basavaraj Padasale, M. S. Murari, Naregundi Karunakara, M. I. Sayyed, Mohamed Elsafi, Hanan Al-Ghamdi, Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, Sudha D. Kamath
Summary: This study investigated the physical, structural, optical and mechanical properties of 12Bi(2)O(3)-8BaO-12ZnO-0.5CeO(2)-17.5SiO(2)- (50-x) B2O3- xTeO(2) glasses with different CeO2 and TeO2 concentrations, to examine their influence on the heavy metal oxide borosilicate network.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kh. S. Shaaban, B. M. Alotaibi, El Sayed Yousef
Summary: This investigation evaluated the structural, optical, and radiation-shielding effectiveness of glasses with the xLa(2)O(3)-(20 - x) TiO2-23SiO(2)-57B(2)O(3) formula. The addition of La2O3 content significantly increased the density, refractive index, ion concentration, and field strength. Optical spectroscopy showed that the indirect optical band gap (E-opt) decreased and the Urbach energy (E-u) increased with La2O3 content. FTIR spectra detected the conversion of BO3 into BO4 tetrahedral units. The glass sample demonstrated superior gamma radiation- and neutron-shielding performance compared to other glasses.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
L. T. Chen, X. T. Ren, Y. N. Mao, J. J. Mao, X. Y. Zhang, T. T. Wang, M. L. Sun, T. S. Wang, M. M. Smedskjaer, H. B. Peng
Summary: The study investigated the effects of irradiation on sodium borosilicate glasses and International Simple Glass (ISG), revealing the saturation of hardness, modulus, and volume changes at a certain irradiation dose, and a significant increase in crack initiation resistance (CR). The structural changes in borosilicate glasses were also examined, showing a transformation of BO4 to BO3 groups upon irradiation with heavy ions. These findings suggest the importance of boron structures in controlling the macroscopic radiation effects on glasses.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Duygu Sen Baykal, G. Kilic, Erkan Ilik, E. Kavaz, Ghada ALMisned, R. B. Cakirli, H. O. Tekin
Summary: We designed and synthesized a lead-free and high-density borosilicate glass sample, BSBaZn, with potential applications in medical and industrial radiation facilities. The glass sample showed promising structural, optical, and gamma-ray attenuation properties, as well as high transparency and density, making it suitable for protection purposes in radiation facilities.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Kumar, Y. C. Ratnakaram
Summary: Fluoro phosphate glasses doped with different levels of barium and bismuth were characterized for their structural modifications using various techniques. It was found that barium glass exhibited higher laser spectroscopic parameters, indicating its potential for promising laser applications. The impact of Ba2+ and Bi3+ on the luminescent properties of Nd3+ doped fluoro phosphate glasses was examined for potential use as a gain medium for emitting NIR light in photonic applications.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
A. I. Ismail, A. Samir, F. Ahmad, L. Soliman, A. Abdelghany
Summary: In the investigated glass system, the optical absorption of Cr ions decreases as the Li2O content increases, along with a decrease in crystal field strength and a reverse trend in Racah parameters B and C. The presence of both Cr6+ and Cr3+ states in the alkali borate glass were indicated by ESR signals, while FTIR spectra showed vibrations of B-O bonds and allowed for estimation of N-4 fraction utilizing IR parameters. Minor changes in bond angles and lengths of borate structural units post γ-irradiation indicated slight diversity in IR band intensities.
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hanan Al-Ghamdi, Norah A. M. Alsaif, Z. Y. Khattari, M. S. Shams, Adel M. El-Refaey, M. S. Sadeq, Y. S. Rammah, R. A. Elsad, M. A. El-Shorbagy, Shaaban M. Shaaban
Summary: This study investigates the synthesis, physical, vibrational, optical, and dielectric characteristics of bismuth-borate barium glasses doped with chromium. The experimental results show that the prepared glasses are amorphous in nature, with slightly decreased density and increased molar volume. The optical energy bands, linear refractive index, and nonlinear refractive index vary with the chromium content.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Orestes Castillo-Hernandez, P. E. Manuel Perdomo-Ojeda, C. R. Grantom, Pamela F. Nelson
Summary: Incorporating specified safety and production targets during the design phase can reduce costs and enhance the competitiveness of nuclear power plants. This paper presents two methods for proposing unavailability targets for nuclear reactor systems to optimize the design features. The methods are applied to a hypothetical facility, providing a basis for future work on estimating design alternatives affecting unavailabilities.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Qinjun Fu, Andre Bergeron, Philippe Fillion, Yohan Davit, Michel Quintard
Summary: In normal operating conditions, the flow within a pressurized water reactor (PWR) core primarily moves in the axial direction along the fuel rods. However, in accidents situations, transverse flows can have a significant impact on the thermal-hydraulic properties of the core. This study develops macroscopic pressure drop models for different flow directions and Reynolds numbers and validates them by comparing with existing system code results.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Xiang Chai, Xinyue Liu, Chaoran Guan, Tengfei Zhang, Xiaojing Liu
Summary: Micro nuclear reactors have gained attention for their high efficiency and long lifetime, making them suitable for remote and off-grid locations. This study examines the effects of burnable poisons on the performance of a micro nuclear reactor and improves the design for reactivity control. The computational results show that burnable poisons reduce excess reactivity and power peaking factor without significant impact on core lifetime.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Liwei Chen, Cong Zhou, Yu Wang, Yiran Zong, Tingting Lu, Chunhua Chen
Summary: This paper proposes an autonomous search method for leakage sources in nuclear emergency rescue based on the updated Infotaxis method. By considering factors such as radioactive decay and wet deposition, the method improves search efficiency and accuracy. Experimental results show that the method is particularly effective in searching for leakage sources under high emission rates and provides scientific information for early emergency response and consequence assessment.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Kirill S. Dolganov
Summary: This paper is the first part of a summary overview of IBRAE's work on the severe accident at Unit 1 of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. It focuses on the integral model of Unit 1 and its qualification with available data, including the comparison of simulation results with measurements for the initial phase of the accident. Important issues discussed include the direct modeling of isolation condenser performance and verification of the possibility to use an integral approach to estimate the nuclide inventory in the core.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
F. Feria, C. Aguado, J. Benavides, J. Benavides, R. Canencia-Hernanz, M. Cristobal-Beneyto, J. Fernandez Garcia, H. Galan, C. Gonzalez, A. Hernandez-Avellaneda, L. E. Herranz, G. Jimenez, L. Martinez, J. C. Martinez-Murillo, A. Milena-Perez, A. Palacio Alonso, J. Penalva, R. Plaza, D. Perez-Gallego, L. Rey, N. Rodriguez-Villagra, J. Ruiz-Hervias, J. Saiz de Omenaca Tijero, P. Vinas-Pena
Summary: The Spanish R&D efforts in dry interim storage of spent nuclear fuel mainly focus on supporting safety under storage and transportation. Experimental and modelling activities are carried out to understand and predict the fuel response, with major outcomes being improvements in the characterization of dry stored fuel, essential for safety assessment of the back-end fuel cycle.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Ang Li, Yuqing Chen, Yuxian Rao, Qi Cai, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper focuses on the boiling heat transfer model of mini-channels casing-pipes once-through steam generator (MCOTSG). By calibrating and analyzing the different nucleate boiling heat transfer models based on steady state experimental results, the secondary loop heat transfer characteristics and overall operating characteristics of OTSG under feedwater flow rate reduction are simulated. The results can provide a basis for the safety analysis and optimal design of MCOTSG and small modular reactor under low flow rate conditions.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Shu Soma, Masahiro Ishigaki, Satoshi Abe, Yasuteru Sibamoto
Summary: In this paper, the analytical wall function approach was applied to analyze the condensation flow of steam/air mixtures, and good predictions were obtained through CFD analysis.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Jinho Song, Sungjoong Kim
Summary: In this study, a machine learning platform is proposed to assist operators in diagnosing the progression of severe accidents and predicting key parameters using long short term memory networks and MELCOR simulation data. The platform shows reasonable accuracy in predicting both similar and unseen test data, as well as lost signals and key parameters for accident management.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Liang Zhao, Zhengbai Chang, Chulin Mai, Hong Ran, Jin Jiang
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic characteristics, valve disc motion, and flow field of a nozzle check valve under different spring stiffness and fluid deceleration rates. Experimental tests and numerical simulations were performed to analyze the effects on various parameters during the dynamic closing process of the valve. The results provide insights for the optimization design of check valves and more accurate calculation of their dynamic characteristic curves.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Xun Lan, Yanbo Jiang, Dan Sun, Wenbo Liu, Wenjie Li
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional phase-field model was developed to investigate the evolution of intergranular bubbles during irradiation. The study examined the dependency of bubble percolation on bubble shape, fission rate, and average grain size. The simulation results revealed the significant effects of these factors on the shape of GB bubbles, the percolation rate, and the connectivity threshold of GB bubbles.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
J. M. S. Mendes, A. Heimlich, A. M. M. De Lima, F. C. Silva
Summary: An algorithm for solving the constitutive equations of the fourth-order Nodal Expansion Method (NEM) in parallel using GPU with quadratic transverse leakage has been proposed. The algorithm, implemented in CUDA language, showed comparable accuracy and reduced execution time compared to the CNFR code. This algorithm and the developed program have potential use in the optimization process of nuclear fuel reload patterns.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
M. Jafari, H. Jafari, M. H. Choopan Dastjerdi, J. Mokhtari
Summary: This study investigates the ability of the PGNAA facility of the Isfahan MNSR reactor to measure boron concentration in solution samples. A measurement system model is developed using Monte Carlo calculation, and a cadmium sheet is used to reduce the effect of boron in the shield. The accuracy of the model is verified through experimental tests, resulting in a calibration curve.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Ibrahim Gad-el-Hak, Njuki Mureithi, Kostas Karazis, Brian Painter
Summary: This study investigates the risk of fluidelastic instability induced by degraded baffle-former bolts in a nuclear fuel assembly. Experimental results show that the stability threshold of the mock-up array strongly depends on the relative position of the jet flow with respect to the array centerline, and axial flow velocity also has a significant effect on the jet-induced instability.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Yuhang Niu, Scolaro Alessandro, Carlo Fiorina, Hao Qin, Gauthier Lazare, Yingwei Wu, Wenxi Tian, G. H. Su
Summary: This paper presents the incorporation of DNB prediction into the GeN-Foam code, which is based on OpenFOAM. The accuracy of GeN-Foam in modeling DNB conditions in PWR was assessed through validation against experimental data and other codes. The results show that GeN-Foam exhibits good performance in simulating two-phase flow boiling conditions and accurately predicts the occurrence of DNB.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2024)