Article
Optics
Yachao Liu, Guo Ping Wang, Shuang Zhang
Summary: Effective medium theory is the foundation for metamaterials, but nonlocal effects are often unavoidable due to finite lattice constant, particularly for topological photonic systems like ideal Weyl metamaterials. A new nonlocal effective medium description is developed to enable comprehensive engineering of metamaterials with unrestricted nonlocality, allowing for precise modeling of wave propagation inside complex media at large scales.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yang Peng, Yan Luo, Xuemei Hu, Yaqi Shen, Daoyu Hu, Zhen Li, Ihab Kamel
Summary: The study found a positive correlation between R2* values and several histopathological prognostic factors of rectal cancer, while ADC values were negatively correlated with most prognostic factors. R2* and ADC showed a high diagnostic performance in discriminating prognostic factors of rectal cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rosy Setiawati, M. S. Suarnata, Paulus Rahardjo, Del Grande Filippo, Giuseppe Guglielmi
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the ADC values of benign, malignant chondrogenic, and malignant non-chondrogenic bone tumors through diffusion-weighted imaging. Results showed significant differences in ADC values among these tumors, improving diagnostic accuracy for bone tumors.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Felipe S. Furtado, Nathaniel D. Mercaldo, Thomas Vahle, Thomas Benkert, William R. Bradley, Lisa Ratanaprasatporn, Ravi Teja Seethamraju, Mukesh G. Harisinghani, Susanna Lee, Krista Suarez-Weiss, Lale Umutlu, Ciprian Catana, Kelsey L. Pomykala, Liran Domachevsky, Hanna Bernstine, David Groshar, Bruse R. Rosen, Onofrio Antonio Catalano
Summary: This study compared standard (STD-DWI) single-shot echo-planar imaging DWI and simultaneous multislice (SMS) DWI during whole-body positron emission tomography (PET)/MRI in terms of acquisition time, image quality, and lesion detection. The results showed that SMS-DWI shortened the acquisition time and maintained or improved the diagnostic yield in most anatomical regions. Therefore, SMS-DWI has important clinical application prospects in cancer staging and restaging.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xiaoyuan Xiao, Yizhao Yang, Xiaolin Luo, Jiacheng Ding, Zhiqi Huang, Xin Wang, Yi Zheng, Cristiano G. Sabiu, Jaime Forero-Romero, Haitao Miao, Xiao-Dong Li
Summary: In this study, the mark weighted statistics are extended by using the density field gradient as the weight and employing the angular dependence of scale-averaged MCFs to constrain cosmological parameters. The gradient-based weighting scheme is found to be more statistically powerful than the density-based weighting scheme, and combining the two schemes together increases the statistical power even further.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xingxing Jin, Ruifang Yan, Zhong Li, Gaiyun Zhang, Wenling Liu, Hongxia Wang, Meng Zhang, Jinxia Guo, Kaiyu Wang, Dongming Han
Summary: This study compared the value of DWI, DKI, and APTWI in the assessment of risk stratification factors for stage I endometrial cancer. The combination of MD, MK, and MTRasym (3.5 ppm) provided improved predictive power for non-low-risk stage I endometrial cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mariana Dutra, Odilon Lourenco, Jerome Margueron
Summary: We investigate Fermi gases at finite temperature where the in-medium effective mass is not constant. We propose a formalism that separates the terms with constant mass and the terms with correction due to the in-medium effective mass. By employing ensemble equivalence in infinite matter, our formalism is applied in nuclear matter and validated by comparison with exact treatment using numerical calculation.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Qi Liu, Jinggang Zhang, Man Jiang, Yue Zhang, Tongbing Chen, Jilei Zhang, Bei Li, Jie Chen, Wei Xing
Summary: In assessing the histopathological features of PDAC, the D and f values derived from the IVIM model showed higher sensitivity and diagnostic performance compared to the conventional DWI model. A significant negative correlation was found between D values and fibrosis, while a significant positive correlation was observed between f values and fibrosis. IVIM-DWI may serve as an imaging biomarker for predicting the fibrosis grade of PDAC.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Alan Jackson, Ryan Pathak, Nandita M. deSouza, Yan Liu, Bart K. M. Jacobs, Saskia Litiere, Maria Urbanowicz-Nijaki, Catherine Julie, Arturo Chiti, Jens Theysohn, Juan R. Ayuso, Sigrid Stroobants, John C. Waterton
Summary: We hypothesised that the change in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after 14 days of treatment could serve as a proxy for tumour regression grade (TRG) on pathology. However, our results showed no significant correlation between ADC and TRG or other measures of tumour response. This suggests that ADC is not a reliable biomarker for metastatic colorectal cancer.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sung Hwan Bae, Jiyoung Hwang, Seong Sook Hong, Eun Ji Lee, Jewon Jeong, Thomas Benkert, JaeKon Sung, Simon Arberet
Summary: This study assessed the clinical feasibility of accelerated deep learning-reconstructed DWI and compared its image quality and acquisition time with conventional DWI. The results showed that DL DWI achieved higher image quality scores and significantly shorter acquisition time compared to conventional DWI.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Pang Haopeng, Dang Xuefei, Chen Zengai, Yao Zhenwei, Cheng Chien-shan, Meng Zhiqiang
Summary: This study aimed to determine the association between the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and cellularity, as well as the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio, in C6 glioma. Through magnetic resonance scanning and immunostaining, it was found that the minimal ADC correlated well with cellularity and N/C ratios, and may serve as a biomarker for these pathological features.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chang Guo, Kai Zheng, Qiang Ye, Zixiao Lu, Zhuoyao Xie, Xin Li, Yinghua Zhao
Summary: There were independent correlations between the D parameter derived from IVIM DWI and the K-trans, K-ep, and V-e parameters derived from DCE-MRI. The factors that affected their correlations mainly included BME, gender, and the scope of lesions.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Davide Maraghelli, Michele Pietragalla, Cesare Cordopatri, Cosimo Nardi, Anna Julie Peired, Giandomenico Maggiore, Stefano Colagrande
Summary: Salivary gland tumours, rare and mainly located in the parotid gland, vary in malignancy based on location. Fine needle aspiration cytology and core needle biopsy are key for diagnosis, while MRI plays a growing role in providing additional information for assessment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ye-Ryoung Lee, Dong-Young Kim, Yonghyeon Jo, Moonseok Kim, Wonshik Choi
Summary: This study presents a volumetric image reconstruction framework that combines the wavelength and propagation angles of light waves to better deal with multiple scattering. By simultaneously scanning the wavelength and illumination angle of the light source, the use of signal waves is increased 32-fold compared to existing 2D-based methods, achieving ultrahigh volumetric resolution even within complex scattering medium.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yohan Son, Jinsick Park, Jeong Min Lee, Robert Grimm, In Young Kim
Summary: This study found a significant negative correlation between hepatic steatosis and DWI parameters, with ADC, D, and D-app being lower in the steatosis group and K-app being higher compared to the non-steatosis group. Perfusion-related parameters did not show statistical significance. It suggests that hepatic steatosis can affect DWI parameters and should be considered a possible confounding factor in DWI-based assessment of liver fibrosis.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Matthew J. Muckley, Benjamin Ades-Aron, Antonios Papaioannou, Gregory Lemberskiy, Eddy Solomon, Yvonne W. Lui, Daniel K. Sodickson, Els Fieremans, Dmitry S. Novikov, Florian Knoll
Summary: The study developed and evaluated a neural network-based method for removing artifacts and noise in MRI images. Through machine learning, they were able to effectively mitigate artifacts in diffusion-weighted images, and the method can be independently applied to each imaging slice, providing flexibility.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Dmitry S. Novikov
Summary: Utilizing MRI to reveal tissue microstructures holds great potential, although this concept is not entirely new, its applications in neuroscience and neuroradiology are only just beginning to gain widespread attention. Research is focused on coarse-graining tissue structures and utilizing various diffusion models and phenomena to interpret MRI results.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2021)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Valerij G. Kiselev, Gregor Korzdorfer, Peter Gall
Summary: The challenge of quantitative MRI lies in the simplification applied in commonly used models of the MRI signal relation to biological tissues. Microstructure MRI and Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting are two research fields experiencing exponential growth as ways to respond to this challenge. The synergy of these approaches promises truly quantitative MRI with specific target-oriented diagnostic tools.
INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xiang Gao, Valerij G. Kiselev, Thomas Lange, Juergen Hennig, Maxim Zaitsev
Summary: An open-source spatially resolved phase graph framework is proposed for simulating arbitrary pulse sequences efficiently in three dimensions and estimating signal modulation. The framework's effectiveness is validated through several application examples showing its ability to analyze signal evolution in both frequency and spatial domain.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Jin Zhang, Gregory Lemberskiy, Linda Moy, Els Fieremans, Dmitry S. Novikov, Sungheon Gene Kim
Summary: The feasibility of using diffusion-time-dependent diffusional kurtosis imaging (tDKI) to measure cellular-interstitial water exchange time (tau(ex)) in tumors was assessed in both animal and human studies. Both preclinical and clinical studies showed that D(t) did not change significantly when diffusion time t was greater than or equal to 200 ms, while K(t) decreased monotonically with increasing diffusion time.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Benjamin Ades-Aron, Gregory Lemberskiy, Jelle Veraart, John Golfinos, Els Fieremans, Dmitry S. Novikov, Timothy Shepherd
Summary: Using MP-PCA denoising improves task correlation in relevant cortical regions during functional MRI language mapping in patients with brain tumors. The study found that denoising led to higher median z scores in cortical regions for various tasks, while contralateral homolog regions did not show improvement in z scores.
Article
Biophysics
Gregory Lemberskiy, Thorsten Feiweier, Soterios Gyftopoulos, Leon Axel, Dmitry S. Novikov, Els Fieremans
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the microstructure of muscles using a quantitative approach with the RPBM applied to time-dependent diffusion tensor imaging. The RPBM framework enabled measurement of microstructural parameters from diffusion time-dependent DTI, with myofiber diameter identified as a stronger predictor of intramuscular morphological changes compared to macroscopic measurements. This work demonstrates the potential of RPBM in assessing pathological changes in musculature that may not be detectable with standard diffusion and anatomical MRI techniques.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marios Georgiadis, Aileen Schroeter, Zirui Gao, Manuel Guizar-Sicairos, Marianne Liebi, Christoph Leuze, Jennifer A. McNab, Aleezah Balolia, Jelle Veraart, Benjamin Ades-Aron, Sunglyoung Kim, Timothy Shepherd, Choong H. Lee, Piotr Walczak, Shirish Chodankar, Phillip DiGiacomo, Gergely David, Mark Augath, Valerio Zerbi, Stefan Sommer, Ivan Rajkovic, Thomas Weiss, Oliver Bunk, Lin Yang, Jiangyang Zhang, Dmitry S. Novikov, Michael Zeineh, Els Fieremans, Markus Rudin
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of small-angle X-ray scattering tensor tomography (SAXS-TT) to quantify myelin levels, nanostructural integrity, and axon orientations in nervous tissue. The method was successfully applied to whole mouse brain, mouse spinal cord, and human white and gray matter samples, showcasing its potential in studying myelination in development, aging, disease, and treatment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hong-Hsi Lee, Dmitry S. Novikov, Els Fieremans
Summary: In this study, a new method called RPG pipeline was proposed to remove Gibbs-ringing artifacts caused by PF acquisition and zero filling interpolation in MRI data. The results show that for PF = 7/8 and 6/8, the RPG pipeline can effectively remove ringings and bias in diffusion metrics induced by PF acquisition and zero filling. However, for PF = 5/8, ringing removal via RPG leads to excessive image blurring.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Mohammad Khateri, Marco Reisert, Alejandra Sierra, Jussi Tohka, Valerij G. Kiselev
Summary: Filter-exchange imaging (FEXI) is a method used for evaluating the permeability of cell membranes, relying on suppressing extracellular signals and monitoring diffusivity recovery. Monte Carlo simulations show that FEXI is sensitive to both transcytolemmal exchange and compartment geometry.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Anders Dyhr Sandgaard, Noam Shemesh, Valerij G. Kiselev, Sune Norhoj Jespersen
Summary: The magnetic susceptibility of tissue provides information about its chemical composition and microstructural organization, but the relationship between magnetic microstructure and the measurable Larmor frequency shift is only understood for a few idealized cases. In this study, we analyzed the microstructure formed by magnetized, NMR-invisible infinite cylinders in an NMR-reporting fluid. We examined various geometries of mesoscopic Lorentz cavities and inclusions through simulations, and found that the cavity size should be approximately one order of magnitude larger than the width of the inclusions. We also derived the Larmor frequency shift for a population of cylinders with arbitrary orientation dispersion and found that it depends on the Laplace expansion coefficients p2m of the cylinders' orientation distribution function. Our work emphasizes the importance of considering microstructural organization when estimating magnetic tissue properties.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Christopher Nelson, Andreas B. Schmidt, Isaiah Adelabu, Shiraz Nantogma, Valerij G. Kiselev, Abubakar Abdurraheem, Henri de Maissin, Soeren Lehmkuhl, Stephan Appelt, Thomas Theis, Eduard Y. Chekmenev
Summary: The feasibility of Carbon-13 Radiofrequency (RF) Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (C-13 RASER) is demonstrated on a bolus of liquid hyperpolarized ethyl [1-C-13]acetate. The study successfully observed C-13 RASER signals and demonstrated its potential application on biomolecular carriers.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Anders Dyhr Sandgaard, Noam Shemesh, Sune Norhoj Jespersen, Valerij G. Kiselev
Summary: Estimating magnetic susceptibility using MRI relies on inverting the relationship between susceptibility and measured Larmor frequency. This study tests the impact of accounting for the constraint that Larmor frequency is only measured inside the sample and susceptibility sources should only reside inside the same sample.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Urs Wuertemberger, Daniel Erny, Alexander Rau, Jonas A. Hosp, Veysel Akguen, Marco Reisert, Valerij G. Kiselev, Jurgen Beck, Sonja Jankovic, Peter C. Reinacher, Marc Hohenhaus, Horst Urbach, Martin Diebold, Theo Demerath
Summary: The study successfully differentiated glioblastomas and brain metastases using advanced diffusion techniques and structural histopathology. Analysis of microstructural features in the contrast-enhancing tumor components served as imaging biomarkers for distinguishing these tumor entities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hong-Hsi Lee, Dmitry S. Novikov, Els Fieremans
Summary: This study aims to investigate and remove Gibbs-ringing artifacts caused by PF acquisition and zero filling interpolation in MRI data. The proposed RPG pipeline effectively removes Gibbs-ringings and subsequent bias in diffusion metrics for PF = 7/8 and 6/8, but leads to excessive image blurring for PF = 5/8 due to the interplay of image phase and convolution kernel.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)