Article
Biology
Lukas Kunz, Alexandros G. Sotiropoulos, Johannes Graf, Mohammad Razavi, Beat Keller, Marion C. Mueller
Summary: The continuous global use of the Pm8 resistance gene in wheat production has resulted in a multitude of virulence mechanisms in the wheat powdery mildew pathogen. This study highlights the evolutionary consequences of extensive resistance gene application and emphasizes the importance of considering long-term effects in wheat breeding.
Article
Agronomy
Mirjana Lalosevic, Radivoje Jevtic, Vesna Zupunski, Stevan Masirevic, Branka Orbovic
Summary: Powdery mildew is a common and economically important disease in the wheat growing area of Serbia. A large-scale survey of its causal agent revealed high virulence complexity and genetic diversity in the population, which are influential factors for the damaging epidemics it can cause.
Article
Biology
Antonin Dreiseitl
Summary: The study aimed to identify major resistances against powdery mildew in a set of wheat accessions from the Czech gene bank and group them according to their responses. Resistance to the pathogen was mainly found in varieties from Northwest Europe, and spring wheats exhibited more frequent resistance compared to winter wheats. These results will facilitate the breeding of new wheat cultivars with improved resistance to powdery mildew using the identified gene bank accessions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kamiran Aron Hamow, Zsuzsanna Ambrozy, Katalin Puskas, Imre Majlath, Monika Cseplo, Reka Matyus, Katalin Posta, Peter Lukacs, Laszlo Sagi
Summary: This study identified six specific biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in wheat plants infected with powdery mildew, with three of them being the most abundant in symptomatic plants. These BVOCs serve as potential biomarkers for differentiating between healthy plants and those infected with mildew, even at early stages. They have promising applications in chemotyping and environmental monitoring in agricultural settings.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hongbo Yuan, Cong Jin, Hongcui Pei, Lifang Zhao, Xue Li, Jiali Li, Wanting Huang, Renchun Fan, Wende Liu, Qian-Hua Shen
Summary: The study reveals that the effector protein CSEP0027 of the barley mildew fungus interacts with barley catalase HvCAT1 to regulate host immunity and likely reactive oxygen species homeostasis, promoting fungal virulence during barley infection.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandros G. Sotiropoulos, Epifania Arango-Isaza, Tomohiro Ban, Chiara Barbieri, Salim Bourras, Christina Cowger, Roi Ben-David, Amos Dinoor, Simon R. Ellwood, Johannes Graf, Koichi Hatta, Marcelo Helguera, Javier Sanchez-Martin, Bruce A. McDonald, Alexey Morgounov, Marion C. Muller, Vladimir Shamanin, Kentaro K. Shimizu, Taiki Yoshihira, Helen Zbinden, Beat Keller, Thomas Wicker
Summary: By analyzing a global sample of mildew genomes, researchers found evidence that humans have driven the global spread of wheat powdery mildew disease throughout history, and that the disease has rapidly evolved through hybridization with local fungal strains.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Shenghao Zou, Yang Xu, Qianqian Li, Yali Wei, Youlian Zhang, Dingzhong Tang
Summary: Powdery mildew is a devastating disease on wheat caused by the pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici. The complex genome of wheat has hindered the identification of resistance genes, but recent advances in sequencing, genomics, and gene isolation techniques have enabled progress in this area. The current research on wheat powdery mildew resistance focuses on multilayered resistance and manipulation of susceptibility genes.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Jerzy H. Czembor, Elzbieta Czembor
Summary: Out of 129 barley landraces from Turkey, 19 showed resistance to powdery mildew. One line (5583-1-4) exhibited resistance against all 19 isolates used. These new sources of highly effective powdery mildew resistance in barley landraces from Turkey could be successfully utilized in breeding programs.
Article
Agronomy
Nitish Rattan Bhardwaj, Devinder Kumar Banyal, Ajoy Kumar Roy
Summary: A logistic regression model was developed to predict the high risk of powdery mildew in common oats using weather and disease data. The model incorporated increasing weekly average temperature, decreasing relative humidity, and decreasing sunshine as key predictors for high powdery mildew severity. This model can assist in advance fungicide spraying to reduce losses caused by powdery mildew in common oat, making it potentially the first model for predicting powdery mildew disease in India and possibly globally.
Review
Plant Sciences
Johannes Mapuranga, Jiaying Chang, Wenxiang Yang
Summary: Wheat powdery mildew, caused by a fungus called Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a major threat to global wheat production. The use of resistant cultivars is a cost-effective method to manage this disease. However, new strains of the pathogen with higher virulence can render these resistance genes ineffective. Therefore, pyramiding multiple resistance genes into a single wheat genotype is crucial for achieving durable resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Habteab Goitom Gebremedhin, Yahui Li, Jinghuang Hu, Dan Qiu, Qiuhong Wu, Hongjun Zhang, Li Yang, Yang Zhou, Yijun Zhou, Zhiyong Liu, Peng Zhang, Hongjie Li
Summary: This study developed molecular markers for assisted breeding of wheat with powdery mildew resistance. These markers have important applications in wheat breeding and can enhance the efficiency of selecting disease-resistant wheat cultivars.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuli Jin, Tiantian Gu, Xiuquan Li, Hong Liu, Guohao Han, Zhipeng Shi, Yilin Zhou, Jieru Fan, Jing Wang, Wei Liu, He Zhao, Diaoguo An
Summary: This study identified an alternative splicing variant of Pm4, which provides information on the regulation of Pm4 gene function. Additionally, a new resistant resource for powdery mildew, PmYAV, was discovered.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Agronomy
Theresa Bapela, Hussein Shimelis, Tarekegn Terefe, Salim Bourras, Javier Sanchez-Martin, Dimitar Douchkov, Francesca Desiderio, Toi John Tsilo
Summary: Powdery mildew (PM) of wheat is a major disease that affects yield and quality worldwide. Over 240 genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to PM resistance have been discovered on all 21 wheat chromosomes. Wheat landraces have emerged as important sources of genetic diversity for developing new resistant cultivars, but many of them have not been characterized for PM resistance. The challenge lies in the polygenic nature of PM resistance and the lack of consistent disease pressure in trials.
Article
Agronomy
Antonin Dreiseitl
Summary: The aim of this study is to identify genes for powdery mildew resistance in spring barley varieties bred for human consumption. Fifteen resistance genes, including the nonspecific resistance gene Mlo, were found. The use of Mlo gene is recommended for barley varieties earmarked for human consumption.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marion C. Muller, Lukas Kunz, Johannes Graf, Seraina Schudel, Beat Keller
Summary: The emergence of new fungal pathogens through hybridization poses a serious challenge to agriculture, especially with the discovery of a new mildew form affecting triticale crops. Lineage-specific effectors in the hybrid genome play a crucial role in host adaptation in triticale mildew, highlighting the negative implications of pathogen hybridizations on resistance breeding.
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mirna Barsoum, Stefan Kusch, Lamprinos Frantzeskakis, Ulrich Schaffrath, Ralph Panstruga
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Katrin Gruner, Tobias Esser, Johanna Acevedo-Garcia, Matthias Freh, Michael Habig, Roxana Strugala, Eva Stukenbrock, Ulrich Schaffrath, Ralph Panstruga
Article
Plant Sciences
Marciel Pereira Mendes, Richard Hickman, Marcel C. Van Verk, Nicole M. Nieuwendijk, Anja Reinstaedler, Ralph Panstruga, Corne M. J. Pieterse, Saskia C. M. Van Wees
Summary: The study shows that overexpression of pathogen-induced cysteine-rich transmembrane proteins (PCMs) in Arabidopsis enhances resistance against pathogens and stimulates hypocotyl growth, suggesting a potential role for PCMs in connecting disease resistance and photomorphogenesis.
Article
Microbiology
Paloma Duran, Anja Reinstaedler, Anna Lisa Rajakrut, Masayoshi Hashimoto, Ruben Garrido-Oter, Paul Schulze-Lefert, Ralph Panstruga
Summary: Powdery mildew infection mainly affects microbial communities in local plant tissue, possibly driven by pathogen-induced changes in source-sink relationships and host immune status.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Hannah Thieron, Mansi Singh, Ralph Panstruga
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jan W. Huebbers, Kim Buttgen, Franz Leissing, Melissa Mantz, Markus Pauly, Pitter F. Huesgen, Ralph Panstruga
Summary: A revised method for isolating Arabidopsis thaliana leaf trichomes has been developed, which significantly increases yield and purity. The method allows for comprehensive proteomic analysis of trichomes and can be applied to different plant species, providing valuable insights into trichome biology.
Review
Immunology
Ralph Panstruga, Seamas C. Donnelly, Juergen Bernhagen
Summary: This article examines the immunomodulatory role of MIF and MDL proteins during Pseudomonas infections in mammals and plants, and identifies differences in their underlying molecular mechanisms.
Article
Microbiology
Stacey A. Vincent, Andreas Ebertz, Pietro D. Spanu, Paul F. Devlin
Summary: Plant microbiomes and immune responses have coevolved, including the phyllosphere microbiome and defense phytohormone signaling. The study investigates the impact of the foliar phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) on the structure and composition of the phyllosphere microbiome. It was found that SA signaling increases community diversity and leads to the colonization of rare taxa in the phyllosphere.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Stefan Kusch, Mansi Singh, Hannah Thieron, Pietro D. Spanu, Ralph Panstruga
Summary: This study analyzed the accumulation of small RNAs during the interaction between barley and the fungal pathogen Blumeria hordei. The researchers found specific small RNA fragments enriched in extracellular vesicles and infected epidermis, as well as tRNA fragments from B. hordei in haustoria. These findings suggest a key role for cross-kingdom RNA interference and noncoding RNA fragments in the communication between B. hordei and its host barley.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kira von Bongartz, Bjorn Sabelleck, Anezka Baquero Forero, Hannah Kuhn, Franz Leissing, Ralph Panstruga
Summary: Mildew resistance locus o (MLO) proteins are heptahelical integral membrane proteins and some isoforms act as susceptibility factors for the powdery mildew pathogen. Barley Mlo interacts with intracellular calcium sensor calmodulin (CAM) in a calcium-dependent manner. Mutations in key amino acid residues affect the MLO-CAM association. However, some experiments showed that mutations do not reduce CAM binding to MLO.
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ralph Panstruga, Wolfram Antonin, Alexander Lichius
Summary: This article provides a comparative study of the basic cell biology across the animal, plant, and fungal kingdoms, highlighting the differences in cell structure and cellular processes. The study focuses on differences in cell size, shape, extracellular matrix composition, cell-cell junctions, membrane-bound organelles, and cytoskeleton organization, as well as disparities in signal transduction, intracellular transport, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and cytokinesis. The comprehensive cross-kingdom comparison gives a more holistic view of multicellular eukaryotic cell biology.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Ralph Panstruga, Pietro Spanu
Summary: According to recent studies, transfer and ribosomal RNAs not only play a major role in protein synthesis, but also have important functions as processed fragments in cellular processes such as translation modulation and gene expression regulation. These fragments are also involved in plant-microbe interactions and may be transferred between different kingdoms.
Article
Plant Sciences
Matthias Freh, Jinlan Gao, Morten Petersen, Ralph Panstruga
Summary: The plant immune system relies on immune sensors to defend against phytopathogens. Fine-tuning and proper regulation of the immune system are essential to prevent plant autoimmunity. Recent findings have provided insights into the mechanisms of plant autoimmunity and highlight the importance of NLR expression regulation.
