Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Steven J. Large, David A. Sivak
Summary: Quantifying energy flow within fluctuating nanoscale systems is challenging, and coarse graining simplifies system description but introduces hidden contributions that complicate thermodynamics. A thermodynamically consistent theory for describing excess power in autonomous systems is developed, along with a phenomenological framework to quantify hidden excess power. The theoretical predictions are confirmed in numerical simulations of molecular transport and rotary motors.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jiayin Gu, Fan Zhang
Summary: We applied tensor network algorithms to study the counting statistics of stochastic particle transport in a one-dimensional out-of-equilibrium diffusive system. The numerical results demonstrate the validity of these approaches by comparing the cumulant generating function for the current with the analytical solution. Furthermore, the fluctuation theorem for the current is shown to hold.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Toshihiro Matsuo, Akihiko Sonoda
Summary: We investigate entropy production in finitely slow transitions between nonequilibrium steady states in Markov jump processes. We use the improved adiabatic approximation method to obtain nonadiabatic corrections and analyze two types of excess entropy production. Numerical study is conducted on a two-state system.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Marco Bellini, Hyukjoon Kwon, Nicola Biagi, Saverio Francesconi, Alessandro Zavatta, M. S. Kim
Summary: In this study, we propose and experimentally verify a quantum generalization of microscopic reversibility in the interaction of quantum systems. By studying the influence of quantum coherence on the backward process, we find that the quantum modification is crucial for microscopic reversibility in the low-temperature limit, while a quantum-to-classical transition is observed as the temperature increases in the thermal field.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andras Grabarits, Marton Kormos, Izabella Lovas, Gergely Zarand
Summary: In this study, we investigated the typical distribution of quantum work at finite temperature. We found that for small work, the distribution follows a Gaussian distribution and the variance is proportional to the average work. However, at low temperature or for large work, a non-Gaussian distribution with superdiffusive work fluctuations is observed. Additionally, the time dependence of the probability of adiabaticity transitions from an exponential to a stretched exponential behavior. For large average work, the distribution becomes universal, dependent only on temperature and mean work. Our findings suggest that work statistics can be described by a Markovian energy-space diffusion process, starting from a thermal initial state. The validity of our results can be verified through measurements on nanoscale circuits or single qubit interferometry.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
R. Tucker Sprenkle, L. G. Silvestri, M. S. Murillo, S. D. Bergeson
Summary: This study validates the assumptions and capabilities of simulations for ion-ion temperature relaxation in strongly coupled Coulomb systems, and invalidates theoretical models in this regime.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qinghua Zhao, Guillaume Gouget, Jiacen Guo, Shengsong Yang, Tianshuo Zhao, Daniel B. Straus, Chengyang Qian, Nuri Oh, Han Wang, Christopher B. Murray, Cherie R. Kagan
Summary: This study successfully transformed epitaxially connected PbSe nanocrystal thin films into high photoconductance zinc-blende CdSe NC solids through solid-state cation exchange reactions, and further improved the structure and photoconductivity using atomic-layer deposited Al2O3. The fabricated field-effect transistors showed high electron mobilities and on-off ratios after doping, demonstrating the potential for optoelectronic devices with high performance.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Si-Si Gu, Sigmund Kohler, Yong-Qiang Xu, Rui Wu, Shun-Li Jiang, Shu-Kun Ye, Ting Lin, Bao-Chuan Wang, Hai-Ou Li, Gang Cao, Guo-Ping Guo
Summary: We experimentally and theoretically investigate a driven hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) system that goes beyond the dispersive coupling regime. By considering the cavity as part of the driven system, we develop a theory that is applicable to strongly coupled and multiqubit systems. Our model successfully reproduces the measured fringes in a single driven double quantum dot (DQD)-cavity setup and the enlarged splittings of the hybrid Floquet states in the presence of a second DQD. This work opens up avenues for studying Floquet states of multiqubit systems with arbitrarily strong coupling and provides a new perspective for understanding strongly driven hybrid systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Linan Meng, Na Xin, Chen Hu, Hassan Al Sabea, Miao Zhang, Hongyu Jiang, Yiru Ji, Chuancheng Jia, Zhuang Yan, Qinghua Zhang, Lin Gu, Xiaoyan He, Pramila Selvanathan, Lucie Norel, Stephane Rigaut, Hong Guo, Sheng Meng, Xuefeng Guo
Summary: The study presents a robust solid-state single-molecule field-effect transistor using graphene electrodes and a metal back-gate electrode. The transistor exhibits high on/off ratio and reversible photoswitching function, making it a potential alternative to conventional silicon-based transistors.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zi Yu Pan, Peng Fei Gao, Chun Ju Jing, Jun Zhou, Wen Ting Liang, Gang Lei, Wei Feng, Yuan Fang Li, Cheng Zhi Huang
Summary: This study reveals that plasmon-driven photocatalytic reactions (PPR) are proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) dependent, with alternation first and then simultaneity of electron gain and loss. This finding provides exciting opportunities for enhancing efficient light-to-energy and photoelectric conversions, while also offering insight into the plasmon-driven photocatalytic formation of azo compounds.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Matteo Colangeli, Manh Hong Duong, Adrian Muntean
Summary: In this article, we propose a reduction scheme for a system constituted by two coupled harmonically-bound Brownian oscillators. We construct a lower dimensional model to reduce the description, which inherits some basic features of the original dynamics and is written in terms of suitable transport coefficients. The deterministic component of the dynamics is obtained using the invariant manifold method, while the diffusion terms are determined via the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. We focus on the behavior of the coefficients up to a critical value of the coupling parameter and discuss the commutativity of alternative reduction paths.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Sagnik Chakraborty, Arpan Das, Dariusz Chruscinski
Summary: We discuss a model of closed quantum evolution of two qubits, where one qubit acts as a bath and thermalizes the other qubit acting as the system. The exact master equation for the system is derived, and interestingly, it takes the Gorini-Kossakowski-Lindblad-Sudarshan (GKLS) form, with constant coefficients representing pumping and damping of a single qubit system. Based on this model, we construct an Otto cycle connected to a single qubit bath and study its thermodynamic properties, including effects of finite baths and non-Markovianity. We find closed form expressions for efficiency, power, and different modifications of the joint Hamiltonian.
Article
Acoustics
Sneha Singh
Summary: This article examines the effect of diameter, length, and chirality on the fundamental coupled torsional-radial vibration frequency of single-walled carbon nanotube. Through molecular-structural-mechanics-approach and finite element analysis, a mathematical form for this frequency is derived, which accurately predicts the frequencies of single-walled carbon nanotubes. The study finds that the vibration frequency is independent of diameter and inversely proportional to length, and the behavior of single-walled carbon nanotubes in these vibrations is similar to thin shells.
JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marco Romanelli, Rosario Roberto Riso, Tor S. Haugland, Enrico Ronca, Stefano Corni, Henrik Koch
Summary: Strong coupling between molecules and quantized fields provides an effective method to engineer molecular properties. New hybrid states are formed when molecules interact with quantized fields, and their properties can be modulated by fine-tuning the field features. Plasmonic nanocavities, with their reduced quantization volume, allow for significant modifications of molecular properties and intriguing applications such as single-molecule imaging and high-resolution spectroscopy. This work focuses on phenomena involving the simultaneous effects of multiple plasmonic modes, and proposes a theoretical methodology to accurately account for these effects while remaining computationally feasible.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kuljeet Kaur, Ben Johns, Pooja Bhatt, Jino George
Summary: Recent experiments propose an unconventional way to enhance conductivity through strong light-matter coupling between an organic semiconductor and a plasmonic mode. By structuring the refractive indices of multilayers in a commercially available MOSFET, mirrorless cavities can boost conductivity. The increase in electron mobility occurs when the electronic transition of dye molecules and the second-order cavity mode enter into the strong coupling regime.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jorge Tabanera, Ines Luque, Samuel L. Jacob, Massimiliano Esposito, Felipe Barra, Juan M. R. Parrondo
Summary: Collisional reservoirs are important in modeling open quantum systems, where theoretical solutions in one dimension with flat interaction potentials are feasible. Approximate scattering map methods help preserve the system's symmetries and achieve thermalization effectively.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuntaro Amano, Massimiliano Esposito, Elisabeth Kreidt, David A. Leigh, Emanuele Penocchio, Benjamin M. W. Roberts
Summary: The framework of information thermodynamics allows us to quantitatively relate information to other thermodynamic parameters and reveals the generation of energy and information flow in the chemical to mechanical process. This is of great significance for understanding the thermodynamic level of molecular motors and has practical implications for machine design.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jan Meibohm, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: We have discovered a finite-time dynamical phase transition in the thermal relaxation process, which is characterized by a cusp singularity in the probability distribution of the magnetization at a critical time. This transition is attributed to the sudden switch in dynamics, represented by a dynamical order parameter. We have developed a dynamical Landau theory that applies to various systems with scalar, parity-invariant order parameters. Our theory reveals an exact mapping between the dynamical and equilibrium phase transitions of the magnetic model near criticality, suggesting critical exponents of mean-field type. We propose that neglected interactions between nearby saddle points at the mean-field level may lead to spatiotemporal fluctuations and give rise to novel dynamical critical phenomena.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Emanuele Penocchio, Francesco Avanzini, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: This study extends the scope of information thermodynamics to deterministic bipartite chemical reaction networks and introduces a meaningful concept of mutual information between different molecular features. By using this concept, separate second laws can be formulated for each subnetwork, and the working mechanisms of chemically driven self-assembly and light-driven bimolecular motor can be investigated.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Artur Wachtel, Riccardo Rao, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: This article provides a rigorous definition of free-energy transduction and its efficiency in open chemical reaction networks. Central energy metabolism is analyzed to relate the fundamental currents to metabolic pathways and discuss their efficiency in transducing free energy.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Stefano Corra, Marina Tranfic Bakic, Jessica Groppi, Massimo Baroncini, Serena Silvi, Emanuele Penocchio, Massimiliano Esposito, Alberto Credi
Summary: This study presents a theoretical model and experimental evidence for the operation of an out-of-equilibrium photoactivated artificial molecular pump. The relationship between light energy input and the deviation of the dissipative state from thermodynamic equilibrium in this artificial system is quantitatively analyzed.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shesha Gopal Marehalli Srinivas, Matteo Polettini, Massimiliano Esposito, Francesco Avanzini
Summary: This paper investigates the relationship between the chemical master equation and its dual equation for stochastic chemical processes. By studying the topological properties of the chemical reaction network, it is determined whether they satisfy the law of mass-action. It is proven that only networks with zero deficiency can satisfy the law of mass-action, while other networks cannot invert the direction of their steady-state reactions by controlling the kinetic constants. Therefore, the deficiency of the network determines the non-invertibility of the chemical dynamics. Furthermore, it is shown that catalytic chemical networks do not have zero deficiency when they are driven out of equilibrium due to species exchange with the environment.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Krzysztof Ptaszynski, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: There is controversy about whether the coherent superposition of occupied states of two fermionic modes should be regarded as entangled, and whether the quantum correlations it possesses are accessible and usable as a resource. The superselection rule has been cited as a reason for why this entanglement cannot be accessed through local operations on individual modes. However, this study demonstrates that entanglement of a two-mode fermionic state can be utilized as a genuine quantum resource in open-system thermodynamic processes, enabling tasks that are forbidden for separable states. Quantum thermodynamics can thus provide insight into the nature of fermionic entanglement and its operational meaning.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jorge Tabanera-Bravo, Juan M. R. Parrondo, Massimiliano Esposito, Felipe Barra
Summary: We introduce a class of quantum maps that can thermalize a system in collisional reservoirs when combined with a dephasing mechanism. These maps describe collision effects, inducing transitions obeying detailed balance and creating coherences that prevent thermalization. By combining these maps with random unitary evolution causing dephasing, we find that a low collision rate leads to thermalization in the system. This scenario is suitable for modeling equilibrium collisional reservoirs, and we provide a thorough characterization of the resulting thermalization process.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Dmytro Kolisnyk, Gernot Schaller
Summary: By selectively driving the transitions of a single qutrit with weakly coupled reservoirs, one of the world's smallest refrigerators can be implemented. We analyze the performance of N such fridges that are collectively coupled to the reservoirs. We observe a quantum boost, seen in a quadratic scaling of the steady-state cooling current with N. As N increases, the scaling reduces to linear due to energetically unfavorable transitions responsible for the quantum boost.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Krzysztof Ptaszynski, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: The entropy production in fermionic systems is mostly quantum due to the restriction on allowed measurements imposed by the parity superselection rule. In contrast, bosonic systems allow for a larger amount of classical correlations to be accessed through Gaussian measurements. This distinction suggests a quantum-to-classical transition in the microscopic formulation of entropy production.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Krzysztof Ptaszynski, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: This study investigates the entropy production of an open system coupled to a reservoir initialized in a canonical state. The entropy production is found to be a sum of the mutual information between the system and the bath, as well as a measure of the displacement of the environment from equilibrium. However, when the reservoir is initialized in a microcanonical or certain pure state, the information-theoretic contributions to the entropy production depend on the initial state of the reservoir.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Nahuel Freitas, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: A CMOS-based implementation of an autonomous Maxwell's demon was proposed to demonstrate its functionality at macroscopic scales. The nonautonomous version of the model was analyzed analytically, followed by a study of system-demon information flows in generic bipartite setups. It was found that the information flow is an intensive quantity and scaling the thermodynamic forces can prevent the demon from stopping above a finite scale.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
N. Ahmadiniaz, M. Geller, J. Koenig, P. Kratzer, A. Lorke, G. Schaller, R. Schuetzhold
Summary: This paper investigates the potential application of the quantum Zeno effect in isolating a quantum dot from its surrounding electron reservoir, specifically focusing on the tunneling of an electron from a continuum reservoir to a discrete level in the dot. The study finds that achieving the quantum Zeno effect in this scenario can be challenging, but the required repetition rate can be lowered through certain methods. The paper also discusses the anti-Zeno effect and how measurements can accelerate or enable quantum evolution.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
G. Schaller, F. Queisser, N. Szpak, J. Koenig, R. Schuetzhold
Summary: In this study, we investigate the dissipative Fermi-Hubbard model under weak tunneling and strong repulsive interactions. We find that the Mott insulator property remains stable for cold baths at intermediate chemical potentials, and the particle number relaxes quickly towards half filling. On longer time scales, the antiferromagnetic order of the Mott-Neel ground state on bipartite lattices decays, even at zero temperature. We quantify the different relaxation time scales for zero and nonzero temperatures using waiting time distributions, which can be derived from an effective (non-Hermitian) Hamiltonian.
