Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hui-yun Zhang, Yan-mei Li, Wei Liang, Liu-wei Zheng
Summary: Hydrogen embrittlement involves hydrogen-defect interactions at multiple-length scales, and the challenge of measuring the precise location of hydrogen atoms limits our understanding. Researchers used TOF-SIMS to observe hydrogen localization in 304 austenitic stainless steel, and found a large amount of hydrogen at grain boundaries in cold-rolled steel, providing direct evidence that alpha'-martensite acts as a hydrogen diffusion channel and grain boundaries act as trapping sites. This mechanistic understanding of hydrogen materials interactions facilitates the development of hydrogen-resistant steels.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhen Sun, Xinghua Yu
Summary: The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of low transformation temperature (LTT) filling metal on residual stress and distortion in multi-layer butt-welded 22SiMn2TiB steel. A three-dimensional thermal elastic-plastic finite element model is developed to predict the martensite fraction, residual stress, and distortion. The results show that LTT filling metal can effectively reduce welding distortion and residual stress.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yaji Li, Jun Li, Jinyao Ma, Peide Han
Summary: The presence of silicon in metastable austenitic stainless steel (MASS) affects the strain-induced martensitic transformation during cold rolling. Higher silicon content leads to faster martensitic nucleation and more uniform distribution of martensite. It also increases the strain hardening rate of MASS. This finding is beneficial for the rolling of ultra-thin strip stainless steel.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhitao Wu, Kaiyu Zhang, Yuanjian Hong, Chengshuang Zhou, Jinyang Zheng, Lin Zhang
Summary: The fatigue crack growth rate of warm-rolled AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel is influenced by rolling temperature and strain, with lower temperature inhibiting crack growth. In the presence of hydrogen gas, the formation of alpha' martensite in warm-rolled specimens is effectively suppressed, leading to a reduction in fatigue crack growth rate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chengcong Huang, Weihao Cai, Liang Qi, Zhigang Wang, Renguo Guan
Summary: Rare-earth yttrium plays an important role in the hydrogen embrittlement of AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel. It improves ductility by interacting with titanium, improving stress concentration, and reducing hydrogen-induced phase transformation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Jiang, X. Zhou, X. Y. Li, K. Lu
Summary: Grain boundary relaxation can stabilize nanograined structures in many FCC metals and alloys, but this mechanism is interfered by deformation-induced martensitic transformation in 304 stainless steels. In this study, gradient FCC nanograined structures were prepared in a 304 stainless steel and triggered GB relaxation was observed in samples with grain sizes below 60 nm. Thermal stability increased with decreasing grain size, contrary to the conventional trend. Martensitic nanograins of the same composition did not exhibit GB relaxation, as their instability temperature was controlled by reverse martensitic transformation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chilou Zhou, Pengzhi Dai, Hao Wu, Mohan He, Xianhui Liu, Paul K. Chu
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between ferrite morphology and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) in welded austenitic stainless steel. The results show that the morphology of ferrite influences the resistance to HE, with skeletal ferrite showing the highest resistance and lathy ferrite showing the lowest resistance.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Patxi Fernandez-Zelaia, Andres Marquez Rossy, Quinn Campbell, Andrzej Nycz, Christopher Ledford, Michael M. Kirka
Summary: In this work, a deep convolutional architecture is developed to estimate the prior austenite structure from observed martensite electron backscatter diffraction micrographs. A novel data augmentation strategy enables training the model with only four micrographs, and the model is faster and more generalizable compared to algorithmic approaches. This work demonstrates the suitability of modern computer vision approaches for capturing complex spatial-orientation patterns in orientation imaging micrographs.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Christian Hempel, Marcel Mandel, Caroline Quitzke, Markus Radajewski, Christina Schroeder, Marco Wendler, Olena Volkova, Lutz Krueger
Summary: The study investigates the impact of electrochemical hydrogen charging on the tensile properties and fracture behavior of plasma tungsten inert gas welds in high-alloy austenitic steel. Compared to the pure base metal, the weld metal shows higher susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement, resulting in reduced ductility. The presence of more delta-ferrite and higher dislocation density in the weld zone contribute to this hydrogen-induced embrittlement.
STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hanna Yang, Thanh Tuan Nguyen, Jaeyeong Park, Hyeong Min Heo, Junghoon Lee, Un Bong Baek, Young-Kook Lee
Summary: In this study, the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of STS 304 austenitic stainless steel was investigated. The results showed that the resistance decreased with decreasing temperature and disappeared below -150 degrees C. The occurrence of hydrogen embrittlement at temperatures from 25 to -50 degrees C was attributed to strain-induced martensitic transformation and hydrogen diffusion into stress-concentrated regions.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hongliang Li, Shixiong Liu, Feixiang Sun, Qiang Ma, Hao Ji, Haixia Liu, Hao Chen
Summary: The use of butter layer can eliminate the formation of hardened martensite resulting from the rapid cooling rate, improve the impact toughness of HAZ at 16Mn side, and increase ultimate tensile strength.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jinxin Xue, Hao Wu, Chilou Zhou, Yuanming Zhang, Mohan He, Xinrui Yan, Huiyu Xie, Rui Yan, Yansheng Yin
Summary: This study investigates the effect of heat input on the hydrogen embrittlement of TIG welded 304 austenitic stainless steel. It was found that the ferrite content in the weld first increases and then decreases with the increase in heat input. The susceptibility of the weld to hydrogen embrittlement also shows a similar trend.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hui-yun Zhang, Liu-wei Zheng, Tao Wang, Wen-jie Lv, Quan-xin Shi, Jin-yao Ma, Yi Luo, Wei Liang, Jun Hu, R. D. K. Misra
Summary: The research found that in 304 austenitic stainless steel, hydrogen promotes the formation of alpha'-martensite, increases hydrogen diffusion depth, and hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity. Hydrogen is captured by the grain boundary, slightly reducing the material's hardness, but the role of hydrogen in reducing hardness cannot be overestimated.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mitsuhiro Okayasu, Takafumi Fujiwara
Summary: The study investigated the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) characteristics of 22MnB5 steel manufactured using hot-stamping process at different temperatures. Results showed that the martensite phase content and dual-phase structure in hot-stamped samples have an impact on HE, and low-temperature heating can improve resistance to HE.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jang Woong Jo, Hyun Joo Seo, Byung-In Jung, Sangwoo Choi, Chong Soo Lee
Summary: This study demonstrates the significance of the bainite fraction in dual-phase steel on its resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. Increasing the number of fine cementite particles in bainite can enhance the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of the steel.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)