Article
Urology & Nephrology
Pietro Manuel Ferraro, Eric N. Taylor, John R. Asplin, Gary C. Curhan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the abnormal handling of alkali and acid precursors in the gut in kidney stone formers, and its impact on urine composition and stone formation. The analysis of data from three independent cohorts showed that kidney stone formers have lower net gastrointestinal alkali absorption, which explains the differences in urine composition and the likelihood of stone formation.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyrylo Pyrshev, Naghmeh Hassanzadeh Khayyat, Anna Stavniichuk, Viktor N. Tomilin, Oleg Zaika, Nirupama Ramkumar, Oleh Pochynyuk
Summary: The inhibition of ClC-K2 can be used to distinguish between A-type and B-type intercalated cells in the collecting duct and monitor changes in their functional status and abundance in response to systemic acid/base stimuli.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Amanda P. Waller, Michael I. Lindinger
Summary: Exercise induces changes in blood acid-base status, which are related to the duration and intensity of the activity. Prolonged activity and transportation result in significant losses of water and electrolyte from the body, mainly through sweating. To replace these losses, it is recommended that horses consume electrolyte solutions. This study investigated the effects of different volumes of water and oral electrolyte supplementation on the acid-base state in horses during exercise. The results showed that small volumes of supplementation had minimal or no effect, while the larger volume of electrolyte supplement abolished the alkalosis that occurred during long-lasting submaximal exercise.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Najeeb Zaheer Shah, Shah Malik, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Kamrudeen Mohammed
Summary: A 68-year-old female presented with refractory hypokalemic hypertension and metabolic alkalosis, raising suspicion of Cushing's syndrome (CS). Further investigation confirmed ACTH-dependent CS, with treatment resulting in significant improvement of symptoms.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Peter D. Constable, Florian M. Trefz, Ismail Sen, Joachim Berchtold, Mohammad Nouri, Geoffrey Smith, Walter Gruenberg
Summary: Optimal fluid therapy protocols for neonatal calves and adult cattle should be individually tailored based on signalment, history, and physical examination findings, and taking into account laboratory analysis when available. Eye recession magnitude, skin tenting duration, and urine specific gravity by refractometry are useful indicators of hydration status. Various crystalloid solutions are recommended for intravenous fluid therapy in dehydrated or septic calves and adult cattle, depending on the specific condition. Important attributes of an oral electrolyte solution for calves include osmolality, sodium concentration, effective strong ion difference (SID), and energy content.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Georg Semmler, Bernhard Scheiner, Lorenz Balcar, Rafael Paternostro, Benedikt Simbrunner, Matthias Pinter, Michael Trauner, Marta Bofill Roig, Elias Laurin Meyer, Benedikt Silvester Hofer, Mattias Mandorfer, David James Pinato, Christian Zauner, Thomas Reiberger, Georg-Christian Funk
Summary: This study confirms the association between hypochloremia and prognosis in patients with cirrhosis, both in clinically stable patients and critically ill cases.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Rosa D. Wouda, Martin Gritter, Micky Karsten, Erik H. A. Michels, Tamar M. Nieuweboer, A. H. Jan Danser, Martin H. de Borst, Ewout J. Hoorn, Joris I. Rotmans, Liffert Vogt
Summary: This study investigated whether intracellular uptake and potassium excretion after an acute oral potassium load depend on the accompanying anion and/or aldosterone. The results showed that potassium citrate has a greater effect on cellular potassium uptake and excretion compared to potassium chloride.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maram Hashim, Syed Athar, Waqar Haider Gaba
Summary: SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, can lead to adrenal insufficiency in patients. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Robin George Manappallil, Pradeep Puthen Veetil, Harish Babu, Sadab Raza Khan
Summary: The incidence of pituitary adenoma is on the rise, with most cases being incidental findings on imaging but presenting symptoms such as severe hyponatremia in some patients. The case described in the text highlights an elderly female patient who developed hypopituitarism and severe hyponatremia due to a pituitary microadenoma, which is a rare scenario.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
J. Shen, D-L Li, Z-S Yang, Y-Z Zhang, Z-Y Li
Summary: This study investigated whether anion gap (AG) can be used as a potential predictive biomarker for the recovery of neurological and cognitive functions in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The study found that AG levels measured at admission were significantly associated with the 180-day outcomes of the patients. Additionally, interventions to rectify AG levels promoted the recovery of neurological and cognitive functions.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ute Klein-Richers, Annika Heitland, Katrin Hartmann, Rene Doerfelt
Summary: This study compared the effects of lactate and acetate-containing solutions on acid-base status, electrolytes, and lactate values in dogs with fluid deficits. The results showed that both solutions caused minor changes in electrolyte concentrations and had minimal influence on acid-base status when used for bolus therapy. Further research is needed to evaluate their effects in larger volumes and for longer durations.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Giovanni Sabbatini, Alessio Caccioppola, Andrea C. Lusardi, Tommaso Pozzi, Claudia Bianco, Serena Baio, Davide Chiumello
Summary: The study observed patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery and found positive fluid balance, decreased circulating albumin, and increased albuminuria as physiological changes. Positive sodium balance was not always associated with an increase in sodium plasma concentration.
MINERVA ANESTESIOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lisandra de Camargo Campos, Mayara Cardoso dos Anjos, Mateus Gregorio dos Santos, Vinicius Maciel Cunha, Priscilla Fajardo Valente Pereira, Karina Keller Marques da Costa Flaiban, Julio Augusto Naylor Lisboa
Summary: This study compared the efficiency of continuous flow (CF) and bolus (B) methods in correcting water, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances in cows, and found that both methods were equally effective.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Davide Chiumello, Tommaso Pozzi, Isabella Fratti, Leo Modafferi, Marialaura Montante, Giuseppe Francesco Sferrazza Papa, Silvia Coppola
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of acid-base disorders in COVID-19 ARDS patients and found that Stewart's approach could detect mixed disorders. Impairment of oxygenation did not affect acid-base disorders.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dmitriy Stasishin, Patrick Schaffer, Zeryab Khan, Christie Murphy
Summary: Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyponatraemia associated with beer potomania are severe diagnoses that require intensive care level management. Correcting sodium and metabolic derangements in each disorder needs significant attention to fluid and electrolyte levels, with individualized approach to prevent overcorrection being essential. Understanding the pathophysiology behind hormonal and osmotic basis of these conditions is crucial in their management.