Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chengjun Li, Hualan Chen
Summary: In early 2013, human infections caused by a novel H7N9 avian influenza virus were first reported in China, which later evolved into highly pathogenic strains. Since 2017, nationwide vaccination of chickens has successfully controlled H7N9 avian influenza infections in poultry and prevented human infections.
COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Baodi Li, Guofeng Xiang, Jun He, Hongyu Li, Congshan Xu, Aihong Yu, Zhe Zhao, Xueying Wang, Lihua Zhang, Hui Zhang, Huimin Zhang, Mingjun Xie, Peng Wang, Deshan Yu
Summary: The fifth wave of Avian H7N9 influenza virus outbreak was reported in Gansu Province, China during 2016-2017, with 5 human cases detected. Environmental samples tested positive for H7N9, indicating potential threat to human health. Phylogenetic analysis suggested two distinct trade routes as potential sources of the virus introduction into Gansu.
Article
Immunology
Pengxiang Chang, Jean-Remy Sadeyen, Sushant Bhat, Rebecca Daines, Altaf Hussain, Huseyin Yilmaz, Munir Iqbal
Summary: Since 2013, the H7N9 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have caused over 1500 human infections and a mortality rate of approximately 40%. Despite vaccination efforts, the viruses continue to evolve rapidly in poultry and some strains have the ability to escape vaccine-induced immunity. Recent analysis showed that the H7N9 AIVs from the early epidemic waves had dual receptor binding characteristics, but more recent strains lost or retained weak human receptor binding. The viruses also demonstrated increased acid stability but reduced thermal stability compared to earlier strains, and showed poor cross-reactivity with human monoclonal antibodies and ferret antisera.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Xin Yin, Guohua Deng, Xianying Zeng, Pengfei Cui, Yujie Hou, Yanjing Liu, Jingzhen Fang, Shuxin Pan, Dongxue Wang, Xiaohan Chen, Yaping Zhang, Xiurong Wang, Guobin Tian, Yanbing Li, Yan Chen, Liling Liu, Yasuo Suzuki, Yuntao Guan, Chengjun Li, Jianzhong Shi, Hualan Chen
Summary: The H7N9 avian influenza virus has caused five waves of human infection in China, but further cases have been prevented since September 2017 through the use of a vaccine in poultry. However, the virus has not been eradicated from poultry, with genetic analysis revealing new genotypes and the potential for escape from vaccine-induced immunity. The antigenic differences identified between the 2019 H7N9 viruses and the vaccine strain used for control in poultry highlight ongoing challenges in evolution and control of the virus.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Aimee M. Near, Jenny Tse, Yinong Young-Xu, David K. Hong, Carolina M. Reyes
Summary: Seasonal influenza poses a significant burden in the United States, particularly for vulnerable populations such as the elderly and those with comorbidities. Efforts are needed to reduce influenza burden in high-risk populations.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aicha Boukthir, Hind Bouguerra, Afif Ben Salah, Astrid C. Erber, Sana Chaabene, Hayet Moussa, Francois Guillemette, Nissaf Ben Alaya, Jihene Bettaieb
Summary: This study aimed to gain insights into the perceptions and barriers of influenza vaccination from the perspectives of pregnant women and older adults with chronic diseases. The study found that both groups recognized the weakness of the immune system as a key determinant for severity and identified lack of information and accessibility as the main barriers to influenza vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yuncong Yin, Yuan Liu, Juan Fen, Kaituo Liu, Tao Qin, Sujuan Chen, Daxin Peng, Xiufan Liu
Summary: This study identifies the first evidence of the low-pathogenicity H7N9 avian influenza virus infecting camels, posing a high risk to public health.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Virology
Joao P. P. L. Bonifacio, Nathalia Williams, Laure Garnier, Stephanie Hugues, Mirco Schmolke, Beryl Mazel-Sanchez
Summary: This study proposes a safer live attenuated influenza vaccine (optiLAIV) by modifying a nonstructural protein of the currently licensed LAIV. The results show that optiLAIV exhibits better efficacy in both mouse models and a human nasal mucosal model compared to the existing LAIV. This research is important for expanding the application of live attenuated vaccines and reducing the burden of influenza in high-risk populations.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Cheng Zhang, Kangkang Guo, Huan Cui, Ligong Chen, Chunmao Zhang, Xuejing Wang, Jiaming Li, Yingying Fu, Zhongyi Wang, Zhendong Guo, Juxiang Liu, Shishan Dong
Summary: The H7N9 virus isolated from a live poultry market in China has demonstrated transmission through direct contact and aerosol in mammals, with adaptive mutations increasing virulence and aerosol transmissibility. This suggests a potential risk of human-to-human transmission through environmental or airborne routes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qinan Yin, Willy Albert Flegel
Summary: This review provides a summary of DEL data and serves as a basis for making practical strategic decisions in managing patients and donors with DEL alleles in East Asia using molecular assays.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hao Tang, Chaojian Shen, Lianbin Zou, Chang Cai, Youming Wang, Ian D. Robertson, John Edwards, Baoxu Huang, Mieghan Bruce
Summary: Despite wide adoption of H7N9 vaccination in the yellow broiler industry in Guangxi, most stakeholders believe it is the best control measure and express a strong willingness to continue vaccination, even without government subsidies or free vaccines.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jun He, Sai Hou, Chenglong Xiong, Linjie Hu, Lei Gong, Junling Yu, Xiaoyu Zhou, Qingqing Chen, Yuan Yuan, Lan He, Meng Zhu, Weiwei Li, Yonglin Shi, Yong Sun, Haifeng Pan, Bin Su, Yihan Lu, Jiabing Wu
Summary: This study discusses the possible impact of H7N9 influenza A viruses (IAVs) on future influenza epidemics through gene reassortment events. A total of 61 human H7N9 isolates were obtained from Anhui province in China from 2013 to 2019, and bioinformatics analyses revealed the introduction of novel avian influenza A virus (AIV) subtypes through gene reassortment. The study also showed that H7N9, H9N2, and H5N1 can serve as persistent gene pools for AIVs in specific regions of China.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Dongchang He, Xiyue Wang, Huiguang Wu, Xiaoquan Wang, Yayao Yan, Yang Li, Tiansong Zhan, Xiaoli Hao, Jiao Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Chan Ding, Shuo Su, Min Gu, Xiufan Liu
Summary: Reassortment between H9N2 and H7N9 viruses is frequent, but the patterns of reassortment are not fully understood. H7N9 virus and its progeny frequently exchange internal genes with H9N2, but rarely with other AIV subtypes. The rates of intrasubtype reassortment were high in waves 2-3 and 5, with PB2 c05 and M c02 clusters being dominant in wave 5.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rui Zhang, Zhibin Peng, Yujie Meng, Hejia Song, Songwang Wang, Peng Bi, Dan Li, Xiang Zhao, Xiaoyuan Yao, Yonghong Li
Summary: This study explores the association between ambient temperature and influenza incidence and suggests tailored preventions targeting the most vulnerable populations and regions to reduce the burden of influenza from sensitive temperatures.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Bingbing Zhao, Wenqing Wang, Yating Song, Xiangyang Wen, Siyu Feng, Weiqiang Li, Yangbao Ding, Zuxian Chen, Zhuoliang He, Shao Wang, Peirong Jiao
Summary: Since 2017, the new highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) H7N9 have caused significant infection and death in chickens in China. A study analyzed the genetic characteristics of H7N9 avian influenza viruses isolated in Guangdong, China in 2017, and found highly pathogenic strains belonging to two different genotypes. The study also demonstrated that these viruses can replicate, transmit effectively, and induce strong immune responses in chickens.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
