Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isaac M. Klimasmith, Angela D. Kent
Summary: While synthetic nitrogen fertilizers enable current crop production, their environmental impact is significant. Interest in microbial inoculants as an alternative is growing, but their effects on nitrogen dynamics at an ecosystem level are not fully understood.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Shaniya Ahmad, Madiha Abbas, Mohammad Fahad Ullah, Moammir H. Aziz, Ozal Beylerli, Majid Ali Alam, Mansoor Ali Syed, Shahab Uddin, Aamir Ahmad
Summary: The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer metastasis, particularly in the context of NF-kappa B signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), is a hot topic of research. NKILA has emerged as a well-studied lncRNA that regulates NF-kappa B and inhibits EMT-induced metastasis. lncRNAs like FOXD2-AS1, KRT19P3, MALAT1, SNHG15, CRNDE, and AC007271.3 are also implicated in the regulation of NF-kappa B signaling and cancer metastasis.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacqueline Copeland, Kayla Wilson, Marcos Simoes-Costa
Summary: Early embryogenesis requires a balance of intrinsic and extrinsic signals to drive progenitor cells towards different fates. miRNAs modulate signaling pathways and generate spatial complexity through localized RNA interference in vertebrate embryos. Understanding the complex crosstalk between miRNAs, signaling systems, and cell fate decisions is crucial for developmental outcomes and disease research.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nikhila Reddy Sultanpuram, Umer Ahmed, Jonathan Thomas Peters, Tian Zhang, Andrew Z. Wang
Summary: Radiotherapy is used to improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes, but there are challenges in treating all patients and controlling the tumor microenvironment. To overcome these challenges, engineered metastases utilizing irradiated engineered tumor cells are developed as personalized cancer vaccines.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shiu-Jau Chen, Shao-Cheng Wang, Yuan-Chuan Chen
Summary: Immunotherapy is a novel anti-cancer method that provides a better or alternative option for cancer patients. While increasingly approved for cancer treatment, it still has limitations such as low response rates in most cases. Future development should focus on biomarker discovery, new tumor targets, neoadjuvant immunotherapy, and combination with conventional therapies for more effective outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Xueli Bian, Rui Liu, Ying Meng, Dongming Xing, Daqian Xu, Zhimin Lu
Summary: Dysregulation of lipid metabolism plays a significant role in cancer progression, and understanding the regulation and disruption of lipid metabolism in cancer cells have led to promising clinical approaches in cancer therapy.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jan Korbecki, Mateusz Bosiacki, Katarzyna Barczak, Ryta Lagocka, Agnieszka Brodowska, Dariusz Chlubek, Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
Summary: CXCL1, a member of the CXC chemokine subfamily, is mainly responsible for attracting neutrophils in the immune system. This review summarizes the clinical significance and involvement of CXCL1 in major reproductive cancers, including breast cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer. It focuses on the clinical aspects, molecular contributions, and impact of CXCL1 on the tumor microenvironment. The significance of introducing CXCL1-targeting drugs and the role of ACKR1/DARC in reproductive cancers are also discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Emma J. Crosbie, Sarah J. Kitson, Jessica N. McAlpine, Asima Mukhopadhyay, Melanie E. Powell, Naveena Singh
Summary: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer in high income countries, with a global rise in incidence. Obesity is the major underlying cause, posing challenges for diagnosis and treatment. Early presentation with postmenopausal bleeding ensures cure, but advanced cases have poor prognosis. Minimally invasive surgical staging and targeted chemotherapeutic strategies are important advances.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shahneen Sandhu, Caroline M. Moore, Edmund Chiong, Himisha Beltran, Robert G. Bristow, Scott G. Williams
Summary: Management of prostate cancer is rapidly evolving with advances in understanding the genomic landscape, improved imaging methods, and personalised therapeutics targeting DNA repair pathways. The therapeutic framework for metastatic disease has shifted, with oligometastatic disease being evaluated for metastatic-directed therapies, and novel androgen pathway inhibitors showing significant survival benefits as first-line therapy for metastatic disease. Emerging research into molecular characterisation and novel therapeutics, such as targeted radioisotopes and immunotherapy, hold promise for improving patient outcomes.
Review
Oncology
Blerida Banushi, Shannon R. Joseph, Benedict Lum, Jason J. Lee, Fiona Simpson
Summary: This Review discusses the impact of endocytotic pathways on various cancer processes and how understanding these pathways can be used to improve cancer therapy. It also highlights the role of endocytosis in nutrient scavenging, metastasis, and drug delivery.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alesha A. Thai, Benjamin J. Solomon, Lecia Sequist, Justin F. Gainor, Rebecca S. Heist
Summary: The seminar highlights significant advancements in screening, diagnosis, and treatment of lung cancer in the past two decades, with a specific focus on targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. These progressions have transformed outcomes for many patients.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Debbie W. Chen, Brian H. H. Lang, Donald S. A. McLeod, Kate Newbold, Megan R. Haymart
Summary: The past 5-10 years have seen significant advancements in the diagnosis and management of thyroid cancer, including ultrasound-based risk stratification systems, less invasive alternatives to surgery, and the availability of new systemic therapies for advanced cases. However, disparities in thyroid cancer care still exist, highlighting the importance of population-based studies and inclusive research to address barriers to equitable care.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sibylle Loibl, Philip Poortmans, Monica Morrow, Carsten Denkert, Giuseppe Curigliano
Summary: Breast cancer diagnosis and treatment have become increasingly complex, incorporating various biomarkers and neoadjuvant therapies, with de-escalation schemes for radiotherapy now becoming standard practice.
Editorial Material
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Monique Brouillette
Summary: Tumors are commonly inhabited by bacteria and fungi, which can be utilized for cancer detection, classification, and assessing the effectiveness of interventions.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Zikun Ma, Xiangdong Li, Yize Mao, Chen Wei, Zhuoli Huang, Guibo Li, Jianhua Yin, Xiaoyu Liang, Zhuowei Liu
Summary: In this study, a subset of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) characterized by overexpression of the urea transporter SLC14A1 was identified in bladder cancer patients. These CAFs were induced by interferon signaling and conferred stemness to bladder cancer cells through the WNT5A paracrine pathway. Inhibiting the formation of SLC14A1(+) CAFs sensitized tumor cells to chemotherapy. Importantly, bladder cancer patients with a high proportion of intratumoral SLC14A1(+) CAFs had a poor outcome and a worse response rate to neoadjuvant chemotherapy or immunotherapy.