Journal
NEUROTHERAPEUTICS
Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 807-816Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s13311-014-0297-7
Keywords
Isolated Inherited Dystonia; DYT1 (TOR1A); DYT6 (THAP1); DYT25 (GNAL); Dystonia Pathogenesis
Funding
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [1R01NS077730]
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Isolated inherited dystonia-formerly referred to as primary dystonia-is characterized by abnormal motor functioning of a grossly normal appearing brain. The disease manifests as abnormal involuntary twisting movements. The absence of overt neuropathological lesions, while intriguing, has made it particularly difficult to unravel the pathogenesis of isolated inherited dystonia. The explosion of genetic techology enabling the identification of the causative gene mutations is transforming our understanding of dystonia pathogenesis, as the molecular, cellular and circuit level consequences of these mutations are identified in experimental systems. Here, I review the clinical genetics and cell biology of three forms of inherited dystonia for which the causative mutation is known: DYT1 (TOR1A), DYT6 (THAP1), DYT25 (GNAL).
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