Article
Neurosciences
Alice Milne, Sijia Zhao, Christina Tampakaki, Gabriela Bury, Maria Chait
Summary: The brain is highly sensitive to auditory regularities, with predictability facilitating sequence processing by reducing processing demands, leading to smaller pupil diameters.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Yanzhu Fan, Ke Fang, Ruolei Sun, Di Shen, Jing Yang, Yezhong Tang, Guangzhan Fang
Summary: The ability to discriminate species and recognize individuals is crucial for animals' reproductive success and survival. This study investigated the temporal order and neural localization of these decision-making processes in the music frog. The results showed that the frogs first discriminated the species and then identified individual characteristics. Additionally, differences were found in auditory discrimination between sexes and in spatial dominance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiang He, Zijun Ke, Zehua Wu, Lihan Chen, Zhenzhu Yue
Summary: In this study, we investigated the modulation of auditory duration perception by task-irrelevant visual apparent motion. We found that the speed and temporal frequency of the apparent motion had an impact on the perception of auditory duration. Slow apparent motion led to overestimation of auditory duration, while fast apparent motion did not have this effect. Additionally, the temporal frequency of the apparent motion influenced auditory duration perception, with fast apparent motion and the actual motion frequency resulting in underestimation of auditory duration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Francesco Di Muccio, Paolo Ruggeri, Catherine Brandner, Jerome Barral
Summary: Cardiorespiratory fitness is positively related to sustained attention performance. This study finds that higher cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with faster response times and higher accuracy in a psychomotor vigilance task. EEG analysis reveals increased global field power in the posterior cingulate cortex and earlier activation of supplementary motor areas in individuals with higher cardiorespiratory fitness.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Baptiste Bouvier, Patrick Susini, Catherine Marquis-Favre, Nicolas Misdariis
Summary: Attention allows the listener to choose relevant information, but irrelevant stimuli can capture attention due to salient features. This study examined the impact of sound attributes on attentional capture and found a relationship between the variations of these attributes and the magnitude of the capture effect.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lei Li, Yali Liu, Ling Li
Summary: The indoor acoustic environment plays a crucial role in auditory learning, and auditory sustained attention is essential for various auditory learning tasks. Two common acoustic indicators, noise and reverberation time (RT), have been found to affect attention. In this study, experiments were carried out to investigate the impact of noise masking and reverberation effect separately on auditory sustained attention. Additionally, various RT and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) were designed and implemented to examine their effects on attention. The results showed that SNR significantly influenced omission errors, commission errors, and mean reaction time, while RT had a significant impact on inattentive omission errors, impulsive commission errors, and response time. This study provides theoretical support for the acoustic design of indoor learning environments and fills the gap in basic experimental data in the current standards of indoor acoustic environment in China.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Robert J. Barry, Frances M. De Blasio, Adele E. Cave
Summary: This study analyzes the results of an experiment conducted on children and identifies gender differences. The female group showed longer latencies in the "stop" response component compared to the male group, and also exhibited fewer errors and faster response time. These findings suggest that girls in this age range have a developmental advantage in task execution and ERP processing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andre Mattes, Elisa Porth, Eva Niessen, Kilian Kummer, Markus Mueck, Jutta Stahl
Summary: Understanding human error processing is a relevant interdisciplinary goal. The error negativity (Ne) has been established as a fundamental electrophysiological marker of various types of erroneous decisions. It has been commonly interpreted that Ne differences reflect more intense error processing under accuracy instructions, but our study challenges this interpretation by demonstrating that the significant speed-accuracy difference in the participant-average waveform is mostly attributable to the alignment of neuro-cognitive processes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Rahel Schumacher, Ajay D. Halai, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
Summary: It is increasingly recognized that patients with aphasia after a left-hemisphere stroke often experience difficulties in attention. This study analyzes patients' performances on different attention tasks and measures, revealing variations and a weak association with language abilities. This research highlights the importance of assessing attention in aphasic patients.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Susan M. Mingils, Patricia L. Davies, Jaclyn A. Stephens, William J. Gavin
Summary: This study examined the developmental trends of P3 amplitude and latency and their associations with participant traits, tones of the novelty oddball paradigm, and scalp sites. The results showed that children had larger P3 amplitudes compared to adults and this finding was explained by the role of N2 in discrimination. Furthermore, the developmental trends were primarily linear in amplitude but mostly non-linear in latency. Sex differences and interactions between tones and scalp sites were also observed.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Masaru Tanaka, Ryoichi Nakashima, Kentaro Hiromitsu, Hiroshi Imamizu
Summary: Mindfulness meditation is increasingly used for clinical treatment and well-being, with its fundamental benefit being enhanced attention control. The effects of meditation methods on attention functions depend on the individual's traits related to mindfulness and sometimes may not have an impact on attention functions.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kelin M. Brace, Elyse S. Sussman
Summary: The study investigated how the brain maintains rhythmic predictions in the presence of multiple perceptual interpretations from the same sound source. Results showed that the brain can track multiple predictions about complexities in sound streams and automatically detect deviations with respect to these predictions.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kelsey Mankel, Utsav Shrestha, Aaryani Tipirneni-Sajja, Gavin M. Bidelman
Summary: Categorizing sounds into meaningful groups is important for efficient auditory processing. However, the development of auditory categories in the brain, especially for non-speech sounds like music, is not well understood. In this study, musically naive listeners were trained to identify sounds from a musical interval continuum, and their neuroplastic changes were tracked using EEG. The results showed that learners had improved behavioral identification and decreased neural responses after training, suggesting successful auditory categorical learning of music sounds. Moreover, learners had structural differences in the auditory cortex, indicating the association between superior categorization and brain anatomy.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Nash Unsworth, Ashley L. Miller
Summary: Individual differences in attention abilities predict performance in various domains, with intensity and consistency being key aspects of attention. Evidence suggests that the amount and consistency of attention allocated to a task are related to overall task performance. Factors such as capacity, arousal, regulation, and motivation drive variations in intensity and consistency, which are important for understanding working memory, learning, and preparatory control.
CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Mathematical
Antonino Vallesi, Virginia Tronelli, Francesco Lomi, Rachele Pezzetta
Summary: With aging, attention decline in various aspects. Older adults demonstrate slower but more accurate performance in sustained attention tasks compared to younger adults, possibly due to a more prudent strategy that reduces false alarms.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Song Xue, Feng Kong, Yiying Song, Jia Liu
Summary: This study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the relationship between individual's spontaneous neural activity and social interaction anxiety in a nonclinical population. The results showed that social interaction anxiety was correlated with the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in several brain regions, and that emotional intelligence partially mediated this relationship. This study provides evidence for the neural basis of social interaction anxiety in the normal population and highlights the role of emotional intelligence in this anxiety.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Katsuyuki Yamaguchi, Takuya Yazawa
Summary: This study provides morphometric data on the development of the human medullary arcuate nucleus (AN) by examining the brains of preterm and perinatal infants. The results show that AN morphology demonstrates asymmetry and individual variability during the fetal period. The volume and neuronal number of AN increase exponentially with age, while neuronal density decreases exponentially. The AN may undergo neuron death and neuroblasts production after mid-gestation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhan Zhou, Weixin Dai, Tianxiao Liu, Min Shi, Yi Wei, Lifei Chen, Yubo Xie
Summary: Studies have shown that propofol-induced neurotoxicity is caused by disruption of mitochondrial fission and fusion, leading to an energy supply imbalance for developing neurons. Healthy mitochondria released by astrocytes can migrate to compromised neurons to mitigate propofol-induced neurotoxicity, but the exact mechanisms involved still need further clarification.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
An Chen, Song Hao, Yongpeng Han, Yang Fang, Yibei Miao
Summary: This study explores the efficacy of two forms of BCI attention training games and finds that physical games may be more effective than video games. The research also offers valuable insights for future game design from a neuroscience perspective.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Lina Liu, Luran Liu, Yunting Lu, Tianyuan Zhang, Wenting Zhao
Summary: This study reveals that GDI1 serves as a potential diagnostic biomarker for AD and inhibition of GDI1 can attenuate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. The findings offer new insights for the treatment of AD.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Zahra Gholami, Ava Soltani Hekmat, Ali Abbasi, Kazem Javanmardi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of alamandine on allodynia in a rat model and found the presence of MrgD receptors in the vlPAG and RVM regions. Microinjection of alamandine resulted in a significant increase in paw withdrawal threshold and could be blocked by an MrgD receptor antagonist. Upregulation of MrgD receptor expression following allodynia induction suggests a potential compensatory mechanism in response to pain.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Mingliang Xu, Lei Xia, Junjie Li, Yehong Du, Zhifang Dong
Summary: This study found that DHF effectively alleviates sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in developing mice by restoring the balance between tau O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation. Therefore, DHF has the potential to be a therapeutic agent for treating cognitive impairment associated with anesthetics, such as sevoflurane.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Tsubasa Mitsutake, Hisato Nakazono, Takanori Taniguchi, Hisayoshi Yoshizuka, Maiko Sakamoto
Summary: The posterior parietal cortex plays a crucial role in postural stability, and transcranial electrical stimulation of this region can modulate physical control responses. This study found that cathodal stimulation significantly decreased joint angular velocity in multiple directions, while there were no significant differences with transcranial random noise stimulation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xishuai Yang, Wei Zhang, Xueli Chang, Zuopeng Li, Runquan Du, Junhong Guo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose rituximab (RTX) in patients with muscle-specific kinase antibody positive myasthenia gravis (MuSK-MG). The results showed that low-dose RTX treatment led to significant improvements in clinical symptoms and quality of life for patients with MuSK-MG.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Jian Zhang, Shunyuan Guo, Rong Tao, Fan Wang, Yihong Xie, Huizi Wang, Lan Ding, Yuejian Shen, Xiaoli Zhou, Junli Feng, Qing Shen
Summary: This study established an Alzheimer's disease (AD) model of zebrafish induced by AlCl3 and found that marine-derived plasmalogens (Pls) could alleviate cognitive impairments of AD zebrafish by reversing athletic impairment and altering the expression levels of genes related to oxidative stress, ferroptosis, synaptic dysfunction, and apoptosis.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Lu Li, Jiaqi Ren, Qi Fang, Liqiang Yu, Jintao Wang
Summary: ICU-AW is a common and severe neuromuscular complication in critically ill patients. Electrophysiological examination is essential for accurate diagnosis and early prediction of the disease. This study aimed to establish and validate an ICU-AW predictive model in SIRS patients, providing a practical tool for early clinical prediction.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Ahmad Alipour, Roghayeh Mohammadi
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate the separate and combined effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) regions on pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from neuropathic pain (NP). The results showed that tDCS had the potential to induce pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from NP. The mean perceived pain intensity in the posttest was lower in the M1 stimulation group than in the F3 stimulation group. However, more trials with larger sample sizes are necessary to define clinically relevant effects.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Eduardo J. Fusse, Franciele F. Scarante, Maria A. Vicente, Mariana M. Marrubia, Flavia Turcato, Davi S. Scomparin, Melissa A. Ribeiro, Maria J. Figueiredo, Tamires A. V. Brigante, Francisco S. Guimaraes, Alline C. Campos
Summary: Repeated exposure to psychosocial stress alters the endocannabinoid system and affects brain regions associated with emotional distress. Enhancing the effects of endocannabinoids through pharmacological inhibition induces an anti-stress behavioral effect, possibly mediated by the mTOR signaling pathway.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Giulia Agostoni, Luca Bischetti, Federica Repaci, Margherita Bechi, Marco Spangaro, Irene Ceccato, Elena Cavallini, Luca Fiorentino, Francesca Martini, Jacopo Sapienza, Mariachiara Buonocore, Michele Francesco D'Incalci, Federica Cocchi, Carmelo Guglielmino, Roberto Cavallaro, Marta Bosia, Valentina Bambini
Summary: This study found a general impairment in humor comprehension in individuals with schizophrenia, with mental jokes being more difficult for both patients and controls. Humor comprehension was closely associated with the patients' overall pragmatic and linguistic profile, while the association with Theory of Mind (ToM) was minimal. Another notable finding was the increased appreciation of humor in individuals with schizophrenia, who rated jokes as funnier than controls did, regardless of whether they were correctly or incorrectly completed. The funniness ratings were not predicted by any measure, suggesting a dimension of humor untied to cognition or psychopathology.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiuping Gong, Qi Li, Yang Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that Sev targets CREBBP to inhibit ALG13 transcription, leading to hippocampal damage and cognitive impairment.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)