Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Paulo Puac-Polanco, Nader Zakhari, Gerard H. Jansen, Carlos Torres
Summary: A 64-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of lightheadedness and intermittent balance and coordination difficulties. He also experienced speech difficulties and cognitive changes. Initial MRI revealed abnormal findings in the left supratentorial brain.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Huajing You, Tengteng Wu, Gang Du, Yue Huang, Yixuan Zeng, Lishan Lin, Dingbang Chen, Chao Wu, Xunhua Li, Jean-marc Burgunder, Zhong Pei
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of blood GFAP in evaluating the clinical severity of HD. The concentrations of plasma NfL and GFAP were analyzed and compared with clinical severity assessments, suggesting that GFAP may be a sensitive biomarker for evaluating HD progression.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Akshatha Ganne, Meenakshisundaram Balasubramaniam, W. Sue T. Griffin, Robert J. Shmookler Reis, Srinivas Ayyadevara
Summary: GFAP is found to be overexpressed and differentially phosphorylated in Alzheimer's disease, especially in patients with specific genotype. Knockdown of kinases involved in GFAP phosphorylation can reduce amyloid accumulation and associated behavioral traits. A small molecule compound, MSR1, has been identified to bind specifically to GFAP and may have therapeutic potential in treating AD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhengshi Yang, Karthik Sreenivasan, Erin N. Toledano Strom, Amanda M. Leisgang Osse, Lorenzo Gabriel Pasia, Celica Glenn Cosme, Maya Rae N. Mugosa, Emma Lea Chevalier, Aaron Ritter, Justin B. Miller, Dietmar Cordes, Jeffrey L. Cummings, Jefferson W. Kinney
Summary: Our study found that GFAP has potential clinical utility in screening amyloid pathology and predicting future cognitive decline. GFAP, NfL, and ptau-181 were moderately associated with each other, with discrepant relevance to age, sex, and AD genetic risk, suggesting their relevant but differential roles for AD assessment. The combination of GFAP with ptau-181 provides an accurate model to predict brain amyloid status, with the superior performance of GFAP over ptau-181 when the prediction is limited to cognitively impaired participants.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ahmed Abdelhak, Kai Antweiler, Markus C. Kowarik, Makbule Senel, Joachim Havla, Uwe K. Zettl, Ingo Kleiter, Thomas Skripuletz, Axel Haarmann, Alexander Stahmann, Andre Huss, Stefan Gingele, Markus Krumbholz, Pascal Benkert, Jens Kuhle, Tim Friede, Albert C. Ludolph, Ulf Ziemann, Tania Kuempfel, Hayrettin Tumani
Summary: This study confirms the value of serum GFAP and NfL in PPMS and SPMS, and indicates that the combination of high GFAP and low NfL levels can help identify progression risk in people with progressive multiple sclerosis.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shanice Beerepoot, Hans Heijst, Birthe Roos, Mirjam M. C. Wamelink, Jaap Jan Boelens, Caroline A. Lindemans, Peter M. van Hasselt, Edwin H. Jacobs, Marjo S. van der Knaap, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Nicole Wolf
Summary: This study compared neurofilament light chain and GFAP levels in patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy and healthy controls, suggesting that these two proteins may serve as biomarkers for clinical assessment and treatment decisions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhongmin Yuan, Huilu Li, Lu Huang, Congcong Fu, Yaotang Chen, Cheng Zhi, Wei Qiu, Youming Long
Summary: In autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy (GFAP-A), there is a predominance of CD8(+) T cells with marked lymphocytic infiltration, especially adjacent to dystrophic neurons and astrocytes. Additionally, there is diffuse infiltration by CD68(+) and CD163(+) macrophages. CD8(+) astrocytes were identified in some samples, but no CD4(+) astrocytes were observed.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yingfang Liang, Gangqi Wang, Bixun Li, Guoliang Li, Hao Zeng
Summary: This study aimed to summarize the clinical features of Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytosis mimicking tuberculosis meningitis. The clinical manifestations, cerebrospinal fluid results, and imaging data of five patients were retrospectively analyzed. Anti-GFAP antibody testing should be routinely performed in patients with suspected tuberculosis meningitis to avoid misdiagnosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jiao Li, Chentao Wang, Yulan Cao, Jijun Shi, Huihui Liu, Meili Zhou, Chunfeng Liu, Weidong Hu
Summary: Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy is a steroid-responsive autoimmune disease of the nervous system, and timely accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Article
Pediatrics
Haixia Huang, Ke Bai, Yueqiang Fu, Siwei Lu, Yunni Ran, Hongxing Dang, Jing Li
Summary: Autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy is a novel form of autoimmune meningoencephalitis related to GFAP autoantibodies, with few pediatric cases reported. Diagnosis is confirmed through MRI analysis and antibody testing, with treatment usually involving IVIG and intravenous steroids.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eun-Hee Kim, Young-Eun Jang, Sang-Hwan Ji, Ji-Hyun Lee, Sung-Ae Cho, Jin-Tae Kim, Hyunyee Yoon, Hee-Soo Kim
Summary: The study investigated changes in plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein concentration during sevoflurane anesthesia induction in children under 3 years old and found that three hours of anesthesia did not cause neuronal injury. However, co-administration of dexmedetomidine led to an increase in plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein levels after 180 minutes, indicating a potential effect on neuronal injury that requires further study.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xin Gao, Ying Tang, Guo-Dong Yang, Wu Wei
Summary: GFAP astrocytopathy is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with various clinical manifestations, and area postrema syndrome (APS) is a rare presentation of this condition. Treatment with corticosteroids can lead to rapid symptom improvement, while typical MRI findings are helpful for diagnosis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Claus V. B. Hviid, Michael E. Benros, Jesper Krogh, Merete Nordentoft, Silje H. Christensen
Summary: This study found that serum GFAP/NfL levels in patients with unipolar depression were lower compared to healthy controls, while NfL levels increased during the follow-up period. Although no consistent associations were found between GFAP/NfL and depression severity or cognitive function, the study may support the presence of glial dysfunction but limited neuron damage in depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Silje Hovden Christensen, Claus Vinter Bodker Hviid, Anne Tranberg Madsen, Tina Parkner, Anne Winther-Larsen
Summary: Serum GFAP exhibits relatively low within-subject variation but considerable between-subject variation, and shows marked semidiurnal variation. Therefore, caution should be exercised in blood sampling and interpreting GFAP, especially in conditions where only small GFAP differences are observed.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wanwan Zhang, Yinyin Xie, Yali Wang, Fengxia Liu, Li Wang, Yajun Lian, Hongbo Liu, Cui Wang, Nanchang Xie
Summary: This study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and short-term prognosis of autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A). New symptoms were discovered, such as nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, and neuropathic pain. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed lesions in the brain parenchyma, meninges, and spinal cord. First-line immunotherapy was effective, particularly in children, while positive non-neural autoantibodies and proven viral infection were associated with poor outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Song Xue, Feng Kong, Yiying Song, Jia Liu
Summary: This study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the relationship between individual's spontaneous neural activity and social interaction anxiety in a nonclinical population. The results showed that social interaction anxiety was correlated with the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in several brain regions, and that emotional intelligence partially mediated this relationship. This study provides evidence for the neural basis of social interaction anxiety in the normal population and highlights the role of emotional intelligence in this anxiety.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Katsuyuki Yamaguchi, Takuya Yazawa
Summary: This study provides morphometric data on the development of the human medullary arcuate nucleus (AN) by examining the brains of preterm and perinatal infants. The results show that AN morphology demonstrates asymmetry and individual variability during the fetal period. The volume and neuronal number of AN increase exponentially with age, while neuronal density decreases exponentially. The AN may undergo neuron death and neuroblasts production after mid-gestation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhan Zhou, Weixin Dai, Tianxiao Liu, Min Shi, Yi Wei, Lifei Chen, Yubo Xie
Summary: Studies have shown that propofol-induced neurotoxicity is caused by disruption of mitochondrial fission and fusion, leading to an energy supply imbalance for developing neurons. Healthy mitochondria released by astrocytes can migrate to compromised neurons to mitigate propofol-induced neurotoxicity, but the exact mechanisms involved still need further clarification.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
An Chen, Song Hao, Yongpeng Han, Yang Fang, Yibei Miao
Summary: This study explores the efficacy of two forms of BCI attention training games and finds that physical games may be more effective than video games. The research also offers valuable insights for future game design from a neuroscience perspective.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Lina Liu, Luran Liu, Yunting Lu, Tianyuan Zhang, Wenting Zhao
Summary: This study reveals that GDI1 serves as a potential diagnostic biomarker for AD and inhibition of GDI1 can attenuate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. The findings offer new insights for the treatment of AD.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Zahra Gholami, Ava Soltani Hekmat, Ali Abbasi, Kazem Javanmardi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of alamandine on allodynia in a rat model and found the presence of MrgD receptors in the vlPAG and RVM regions. Microinjection of alamandine resulted in a significant increase in paw withdrawal threshold and could be blocked by an MrgD receptor antagonist. Upregulation of MrgD receptor expression following allodynia induction suggests a potential compensatory mechanism in response to pain.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Mingliang Xu, Lei Xia, Junjie Li, Yehong Du, Zhifang Dong
Summary: This study found that DHF effectively alleviates sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in developing mice by restoring the balance between tau O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation. Therefore, DHF has the potential to be a therapeutic agent for treating cognitive impairment associated with anesthetics, such as sevoflurane.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Tsubasa Mitsutake, Hisato Nakazono, Takanori Taniguchi, Hisayoshi Yoshizuka, Maiko Sakamoto
Summary: The posterior parietal cortex plays a crucial role in postural stability, and transcranial electrical stimulation of this region can modulate physical control responses. This study found that cathodal stimulation significantly decreased joint angular velocity in multiple directions, while there were no significant differences with transcranial random noise stimulation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xishuai Yang, Wei Zhang, Xueli Chang, Zuopeng Li, Runquan Du, Junhong Guo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose rituximab (RTX) in patients with muscle-specific kinase antibody positive myasthenia gravis (MuSK-MG). The results showed that low-dose RTX treatment led to significant improvements in clinical symptoms and quality of life for patients with MuSK-MG.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Jian Zhang, Shunyuan Guo, Rong Tao, Fan Wang, Yihong Xie, Huizi Wang, Lan Ding, Yuejian Shen, Xiaoli Zhou, Junli Feng, Qing Shen
Summary: This study established an Alzheimer's disease (AD) model of zebrafish induced by AlCl3 and found that marine-derived plasmalogens (Pls) could alleviate cognitive impairments of AD zebrafish by reversing athletic impairment and altering the expression levels of genes related to oxidative stress, ferroptosis, synaptic dysfunction, and apoptosis.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Lu Li, Jiaqi Ren, Qi Fang, Liqiang Yu, Jintao Wang
Summary: ICU-AW is a common and severe neuromuscular complication in critically ill patients. Electrophysiological examination is essential for accurate diagnosis and early prediction of the disease. This study aimed to establish and validate an ICU-AW predictive model in SIRS patients, providing a practical tool for early clinical prediction.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Ahmad Alipour, Roghayeh Mohammadi
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate the separate and combined effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) regions on pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from neuropathic pain (NP). The results showed that tDCS had the potential to induce pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from NP. The mean perceived pain intensity in the posttest was lower in the M1 stimulation group than in the F3 stimulation group. However, more trials with larger sample sizes are necessary to define clinically relevant effects.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Eduardo J. Fusse, Franciele F. Scarante, Maria A. Vicente, Mariana M. Marrubia, Flavia Turcato, Davi S. Scomparin, Melissa A. Ribeiro, Maria J. Figueiredo, Tamires A. V. Brigante, Francisco S. Guimaraes, Alline C. Campos
Summary: Repeated exposure to psychosocial stress alters the endocannabinoid system and affects brain regions associated with emotional distress. Enhancing the effects of endocannabinoids through pharmacological inhibition induces an anti-stress behavioral effect, possibly mediated by the mTOR signaling pathway.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Giulia Agostoni, Luca Bischetti, Federica Repaci, Margherita Bechi, Marco Spangaro, Irene Ceccato, Elena Cavallini, Luca Fiorentino, Francesca Martini, Jacopo Sapienza, Mariachiara Buonocore, Michele Francesco D'Incalci, Federica Cocchi, Carmelo Guglielmino, Roberto Cavallaro, Marta Bosia, Valentina Bambini
Summary: This study found a general impairment in humor comprehension in individuals with schizophrenia, with mental jokes being more difficult for both patients and controls. Humor comprehension was closely associated with the patients' overall pragmatic and linguistic profile, while the association with Theory of Mind (ToM) was minimal. Another notable finding was the increased appreciation of humor in individuals with schizophrenia, who rated jokes as funnier than controls did, regardless of whether they were correctly or incorrectly completed. The funniness ratings were not predicted by any measure, suggesting a dimension of humor untied to cognition or psychopathology.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiuping Gong, Qi Li, Yang Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that Sev targets CREBBP to inhibit ALG13 transcription, leading to hippocampal damage and cognitive impairment.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)