Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Victoria Anthony Uyanga, Lijing Sun, Yu Liu, Meiming Zhang, Jingpeng Zhao, Xiaojuan Wang, Hongchao Jiao, Okanlawon M. Onagbesan, Hai Lin
Summary: This study investigated the effects of L-citrulline supplementation on arginine metabolism, nitric oxide synthesis, and intestinal function in broilers. The results showed that L-citrulline improved arginine metabolism, nitric oxide synthesis, and promoted intestinal function in broilers.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Rebecca R. Crowther, Joseph E. Qualls
Summary: This article provides a summary of the current knowledge on anti-Mtb immunity, focusing on immune cell amino acid metabolism, specifically discussing the roles of L-arginine and L-tryptophan in TB patients. By uncovering the immune cell contribution during Mtb infection and how amino acid utilization regulates their functions, novel host-directed therapies may be developed and refined to help eradicate TB.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Matthew S. Crouse, Kyle J. McLean, Josephine Dwamena, Tammi L. Neville, Ana Clara B. Menezes, Alison K. Ward, Lawrence P. Reynolds, Carl R. Dahlen, Bryan W. Neville, Pawel P. Borowicz, Joel S. Caton
Summary: The study revealed that maternal nutrition during early pregnancy affects the abundance of glucose and amino acid transporters in heifer uteroplacental tissues. Different nutritional treatments and gestation days lead to variations in transporter abundance in different tissue compartments.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maral Afshinpour, Hamid Mahdiuni
Summary: This study investigates the transportation mechanism of arginine in CAT-1 and finds that water molecules play a leading role in forming the transportation channel. Understanding the arginine transportation mechanism is essential for developing CAT-1 blockers and potential medications for certain types of cancers.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sachiko Iwai, Tomoko Hasegawa, Hanako Ohashi Ikeda, Akitaka Tsujikawa
Summary: This study demonstrates that BCAAs enhance intracellular ATP production by promoting glucose uptake through translocation of glucose transporters to the plasma membrane. These findings have implications for the clinical application of BCAAs in treating retinal neurodegenerative diseases.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Qingkui Jiang, Lanbo Shi
Summary: This study examined the uptake and metabolism of amino acids during macrophage polarization to the M1-like phenotype, revealing potential mechanisms for amino acid uptake through the collaboration of NOS2 with LAT1 and LAT2, as well as discussing the role of glutamine metabolism in the metabolic reprogramming of M1-like macrophages.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Tamara Treleaven, Madeleine L. M. Hardy, Michelle Guttman-Jones, Michael B. Morris, Margot L. Day
Summary: Exposure of oocytes to specific amino acids during IVF can improve embryo development, with proline and pipecolic acid showing beneficial effects by reducing mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species. However, competitive inhibition may affect the uptake of specific amino acids, highlighting the importance of considering the interaction between multiple amino acids in IVF medium.
Article
Polymer Science
Kuen Hee Eom, Shuwei Li, Eun Gyeong Lee, Jae Ho Kim, Jung Rae Kim, Il Kim
Summary: Cell-penetrating peptides are facilitated by the presence of arginine or other guanidinium groups. However, little research has been done on the impact of these functional groups on antimicrobial peptides. In this study, a series of cationic linear, star, and multi-branched copolymers were synthesized and their antibacterial efficacy was tested. The results showed that the structure and composition of the copolymers significantly influenced their antibacterial activity, with the multi-branched structure exhibiting the highest efficacy.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maithri Tharmavaram, Gaurav Pandey, Nitasha Khatri, Deepak Rawtani
Summary: Halloysite Nanotubes (Hal) are used as reinforcements with tunable surface chem-is try for the attachment of various molecules. This study focused on using Hal as a support for amino acid attachment, specifically L-arginine. The amino acid-functionalized Hal showed high immobilization and exhibited excellent antifouling abilities against Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a model foulant.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Stephen A. Tapanes, Dena Arizanovska, Madelen M. Diaz, Oluwarotimi O. Folorunso, Theresa Harvey, Stephanie E. Brown, Inna Radzishevsky, Liesl N. Close, Jonathan R. Jagid, Joacir Graciolli Cordeiro, Herman Wolosker, Darrick T. Balu, Daniel J. Liebl
Summary: Synaptic damage is a common response to traumatic CNS injury and contributes to cognitive dysfunction. In this study, researchers discovered that D-serine synthesized by reactive glial cells plays a crucial role in synaptic damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI). They also identified the potential therapeutic effect of inhibiting glial D-serine release through the transporter Slc1a4 (ASCT1). The study suggests a new role for glial D-serine in acute pathological dysfunction following brain trauma.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Cristina Pedrazini, Mariliza Henrique da Silva, Francisco Carlos Groppo
Summary: Understanding viral characteristics, mechanisms of entry, and multiplication/dissemination can aid in the control and treatment of viral pathologies. L-lysine, an amino acid, may have therapeutic properties by interfering with the formation of viral proteins and DNA, as well as increasing the breakdown of arginine, which is essential for some viruses.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Pengqi Bao, Li Chen, Yue Hu, Yan Wang, Cunliu Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the ability of L-arginine and L-lysine to mitigate the adverse effects of freezing on the structure and solubility of myofibrillar protein extract (MPE) in porcine Longissimus lumborum. The results showed that both L-arginine and L-lysine were effective in alleviating the adverse effects of freezing. These findings are important in the meat industry.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kehong Liu, Yingqi Peng, Ling Lin, Zhihua Gong, Wenjun Xiao, Yinhua Li
Summary: In this study, it was found that L-theanine (LTA) found in tea can affect amino acid absorption and protein synthesis in the intestine, thereby regulating lipid and protein metabolism. The results showed that LTA supplementation not only influenced the levels of alkaline phosphatase (AKP), total protein (TP), and urea nitrogen (BUN) in the serum, but also upregulated the expression of amino acid transporters and activated the mTOR signaling pathway. These findings suggest that LTA increases intestinal amino acid absorption, promotes protein metabolism, and improves nitrogen utilization.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Iris Alvarez-merz, Maria-dolores Munoz, Jesus M. Hernandez-guijo, Jose M. Solis
Summary: Non-excitatory amino acids (AA) can induce membrane depolarization and affect synaptic transmission during hypoxia. The mixture of L-alanine, glycine, L-glutamine, and L-serine can reliably provoke this effect. AA transporters, such as system N and alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2), may serve as therapeutic targets for brain ischemia treatment.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Florian Rothenhaeusler, Holger Ruckdaeschel
Summary: The study focuses on the glass transition temperature, viscosity, and latency of bio-based epoxy resins cured with L-arginine in the presence of a urea-based accelerator. The results show that the epoxy resins with the accelerator have low viscosity and sufficient latency, making them suitable for use as matrix materials in fiber-reinforced polymer composites.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Edna C. Cieslik, Markus Ullsperger, Martin Gell, Simon B. Eickhoff, Robert Langner
Summary: Previous studies on error processing have primarily focused on the posterior medial frontal cortex, but the role of other brain regions has been underestimated. This study used activation likelihood estimation meta-analyses to explore brain activity related to committing errors and responding successfully in interference tasks. It was found that the salience network and the temporoparietal junction were commonly involved in both correct and incorrect responses, indicating their general involvement in coping with situations that require increased cognitive control. Error-specific convergence was observed in the dorsal posterior cingulate cortex, posterior thalamus, and left superior frontal gyrus, while successful responding showed stronger convergence in the dorsal attention network and lateral prefrontal regions. Underrecruitment of these regions in error trials may reflect failures in activating the appropriate stimulus-response contingencies necessary for successful response execution.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2024)
