Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raquel Coronel, Adela Bernabeu-Zornoza, Charlotte Palmer, Rosa Gonzalez-Sastre, Andreea Rosca, Patricia Mateos-Martinez, Victoria Lopez-Alonso, Isabel Liste
Summary: This study investigates the effects of amyloid precursor protein (APP) overexpression on human neural stem cells (hNSCs) and identifies differentially expressed genes related to neuronal and glial differentiation processes, as well as signaling pathways such as Notch, Wnt, PI3K-AKT, and JAK-STAT.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raquel Coronel, Victoria Lopez-Alonso, Marta I. Gallego, Isabel Liste
Summary: This article investigates the biological role of APP in hNSCs cells, revealing its association with cell proliferation and cell fate specification.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuping Hao, Lingzhan Shao, Jianan Hou, Yan Zhang, Yuqian Ma, Jinhao Liu, Chuan Xu, Fujun Chen, Li-Hui Cao, Yong Ping
Summary: This study found that the natural polyphenolic phytochemical resveratrol (RES) improves sleep and courtship memory in a Drosophila model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by activating sirtuin 1 (Sirt1/Sir2), and reduces behavioral deficits and A beta burden.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jinhu Kim, Seungjoon Kim, Hyeonho Kim, In-Wook Hwang, Sungwon Bae, Sudeep Karki, Dongwook Kim, Roberto Ogelman, Geul Bang, Jin Young Kim, Tommi Kajander, Ji Won Um, Won Chan Oh, Jaewon Ko
Summary: Balanced synaptic inhibition is crucial for brain function. MDGA1 suppresses synaptic inhibition in mammalian neurons by interacting with APP, affecting GABAergic synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 neurons. Down-regulation of APP specifically suppresses GABAergic transmission strength and inputs in presynaptic interneurons. Overexpression of MDGA1 impairs novel object recognition memory in mice.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Youji Jia, Guodong Wang, Wei Yan, Bo Kong, Yong Xu, Chenglong Wang, Dezhi Tang, Xiaobing Xi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Psoralen on myelosuppression and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Both cell and animal models were used to observe the impacts of Psoralen on hematopoietic stem cells and bone growth factors. The results showed that Psoralen treatment inhibited cell apoptosis and regulated the expression of bone growth factors and hematopoietic growth factors.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ning Xu, Tingting Xu, Raymond Mirasol, Lena Holmberg, Per Henrik Vincent, Xiaofei Li, Anna Falk, Eirikur Benedikz, Emilia Rotstein, Ake Seiger, Elisabet Akesson, Scott Falci, Erik Sundstrom
Summary: The study developed a rat model of PTS and demonstrated that transplantation of human neural stem/progenitor cells can be used as an effective treatment for PTS in an animal model closely mimicking the clinical situation. The neural cells transplanted into the cysts prevented further expansion and partially obliterated the cysts, significantly reducing their volumes.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yanjun Guo, Qinqiu Wang, Shenghui Chen, Chengfu Xu
Summary: This article summarizes the regulatory effects of APP and its cleavage peptides on metabolism in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, indicating that peptides generated by non-amyloidogenic processing can have positive effects on metabolism, while those produced by amyloidogenic processing may have negative impacts. Abnormal expression of APP is associated with metabolic diseases (such as diabetes, obesity, etc.) and cancer.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jiang Chen, Jun-Sheng Chen, Song Li, Fengning Zhang, Jie Deng, Ling-Hui Zeng, Jun Tan
Summary: Decades of research have shown that amyloid-beta (Aβ) plays an undeniable role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the focus on the pathological effects of Aβ may overshadow the significance of its metabolic precursor, amyloid precursor protein (APP), in the occurrence and progression of AD. This review explores the various roles of APP in AD, including its structure, functions, enzymatic processing, and potential therapeutic approaches to targeting APP to ameliorate AD pathologies and halt disease progression.
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaoju Guan, Panpan Chen, Minpeng Ji, Xin Wen, Dan Chen, Xingyi Zhao, Fu Huang, Jiexia Wang, Jingjing Shao, Jiajia Xie, Xingxing Zhao, Fenfen Chen, Jing Tian, Han Lin, Barry R. Zirkin, Ping Duan, Zhijian Su, Haolin Chen
Summary: In adult testis, stem Leydig cells (SLCs) could be involved in the regeneration of adult Leydig cells (ALCs). The proliferation and differentiation of SLCs are separately regulated, as indicated by the observation that cells proliferating after ALC loss were not the ones forming ALCs.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kseniia S. Orobets, Andrey L. Karamyshev
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder associated with age or inherited mutations. It is characterized by severe dementia that affects memory, cognitive functions, and daily life. The disease is linked to the accumulation of cytotoxic amyloid beta and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, as well as other pathological features. Various treatment options, such as antibody-based therapy and stem cell transplantation, are being investigated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Swapna Nandakumar, Pradnya Shahani, Indrani Datta, Rajarshi Pal
Summary: Research on the differentiation signals of neural precursor cells is a key challenge in cell therapy, while neural stem cells have important potential due to their multipotency and immunomodulatory effects. In the face of a neurologic epidemic, the immunomodulatory role of neural stem cells may have important implications for preventing disease progression. Using small molecule-mediated strategies for NPC generation can improve consistency and robustness of the process.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Binna Seol, Young-Dae Kim, Yee Sook Cho
Summary: The study developed induced pluripotent stem cells and neural precursor cell models related to sialidosis, confirming their ability to faithfully recapitulate key disease-specific phenotypes. It was also found that impaired differentiation capacity of the cells could be effectively rescued by inducing autophagy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daisuke Ibi, Sari Kondo, Ayano Ohmi, Yuya Kojima, Genki Nakasai, Rika Takaba, Masayuki Hiramatsu
Summary: This study found that betaine can prevent memory impairments caused by Aβ deposition and its mechanism of action involves activating the SIRT1 molecule. These findings provide new insight for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Marva Lachish, Nina Fainstein, Tal Ganz, Lihi Sofer, Tamir Ben-Hur
Summary: Brain neural precursor cells (NPCs) support microglial function to clear excess amyloid beta (Aβ), but NPC from the Alzheimer's disease (AD) environment fail to do so, potentially accelerating disease pathology.
Article
Cell Biology
Tung-Sheng Chen, Shou-Ying Chuang, Chia-Yao Shen, Tsung-Jung Ho, Ruey-Lin Chang, Yu-Lan Yeh, Chia-Hua Kuo, B. Mahalakshmi, Wei-Wen Kuo, Chih-Yang Huang
Summary: High-glucose suppresses mesenchymal stem cell functions in diabetes mellitus. Resveratrol enhances MSC functions and improves survival markers, AMPK/Sirt1 axis, and apoptotic markers. Pretreatment with resveratrol may have clinical potential in treating heart failure in diabetic patients.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.