Article
Environmental Sciences
Miguel Santibanez-Andrade, Yesennia Sanchez-Perez, Yolanda Chirino, Rocio Morales-Barcenas, Claudia M. Garcia-Cuellar
Summary: PM10 exposure increases chromosomal instability in lung cancer cells by affecting the expression levels of long non-coding RNA NORAD and components of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Aneuploidy events are induced by SAC deregulation due to PM10 treatment.
Review
Cell Biology
Paola Vagnarelli
Summary: The ultimate goal of cell division is to generate two identical daughter cells resembling the mother cell. Mitotic exit, which completes genomic material separation and rebuilds cellular structures, is a highly regulated process in space and time. Our understanding of mitotic exit is still limited compared to earlier stages of mitosis.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ines Milagre, Carolina Pereira, Raquel A. Oliveira
Summary: Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, are widely used in biomedical research for understanding development, disease progression, and drug discovery. However, concerns have been raised regarding their safety in regenerative medicine, particularly due to the occurrence of aneuploid cells resulting from errors in chromosome segregation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ximena Contreras, Nicole Amberg, Amarbayasgalan Davaatseren, Andi H. Hansen, Johanna Sonntag, Lill Andersen, Tina Bernthaler, Carmen Streicher, Anna Heger, Randy L. Johnson, Lindsay A. Schwarz, Liqun Luo, Thomas Ruelicke, Simon Hippenmeyer
Summary: MADM technology allows genetic marking and analysis of single cells in mice, but currently only applicable to a subset of genes. Researchers have successfully generated transgenic mice with MADM components, allowing for single-cell genetic mosaic analysis of almost the entire mouse genome.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sjoerd J. Klaasen, My Anh Truong, Richard H. van Jaarsveld, Isabella Koprivec, Valentina Stimac, Sippe G. de Vries, Patrik Risteski, Snjezana Kodba, Kruno Vukusic, Kim L. de Luca, Joana F. Marques, Elianne M. Gerrits, Bjorn Bakker, Floris Foijer, Jop Kind, Iva M. Tolic, Susanne M. A. Lens, Geert J. P. L. Kops
Summary: Chromosome segregation errors and micronuclei can lead to aneuploidies and chromosomal rearrangements. Our study reveals that chromosomes have different segregation error frequencies, resulting in non-random aneuploidy landscapes. Mis-segregated chromosomes are also frequently entrapped in micronuclei. We find that segregation error frequencies correlate with chromosome position in the nucleus, with peripheral chromosomes behind spindle poles having the highest error frequencies. Furthermore, larger chromosomes, which are preferentially located near the nuclear periphery, show higher frequencies of chromothripsis and aneuploidies. These findings have important implications for our understanding of tumor genome evolution and the origins of specific aneuploidies during development.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Margarida Gomes, Bernardo Orr, Marco Novais-Cruz, Filipe De Sousa, Joana Macario-Monteiro, Carolina Lemos, Cristina Ferras, Helder Maiato
Summary: Defects in chromosome alignment may lead to chromosomal/genomic instability, further driving the division of cancer cells. This study uncovers the distinct mechanism of misaligned chromosomes and reveals genetic conditions predisposing to these events.
Article
Developmental Biology
Sophie H. L. Austin, Rut Gabarro-Solanas, Piero Rigo, Oana Paun, Lachlan Harris, Francois Guillemot, Noelia Urban
Summary: Adult mouse hippocampal neural stem cells respond to Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, which can induce neuronal differentiation and activate or differentiate quiescent NSCs in a dose-dependent manner. However, the deletion of beta-catenin in NSCs does not affect their activation or maintenance of stem cell characteristics.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Salinee Naewla, Ram Prajit, Nataya Sritawan, Kornrawee Suwannakot, Apiwat Sirichoat, Anusara Aranarochana, Peter Wigmore, Jariya Umka Welbat
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the flavonoid Hesperidin (Hsd), found in citrus fruits, on MTX-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neural stem cells. The results showed that Hsd can attenuate the impairments of hippocampal NSC proliferation and neuronal apoptosis caused by MTX.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroyoshi Doi, Taito Matsuda, Atsuhiko Sakai, Shuzo Matsubara, Sumio Hoka, Ken Yamaura, Kinichi Nakashima
Summary: Early-life exposure to midazolam alters neural stem cells in the mouse hippocampus, leading to reduced neurogenesis and impaired memory functions. Voluntary exercise can restore hippocampal neurogenesis, normalize the transcriptome, and improve cognitive abilities in exposed mice.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Junchen Chen, Xiaoxue Dong, Xuejun Cheng, Qiang Zhu, Jinyu Zhang, Qian Li, Xiaoli Huang, Min Wang, Liping Li, Weixiang Guo, Binggui Sun, Qiang Shu, Wen Yi, Xuekun Li
Summary: Ogt deficiency in adult neural stem/progenitor cells leads to a decrease in the aNSPC pool, abnormal neurogenesis, and impaired cognitive function in adult mice. Mechanistic studies reveal that Ogt catalyzes the O-GlcNAc modification of the Notch TM/ICD fragment, which in turn affects neurogenic defects induced by Ogt deficiency.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tracy A. Bedrosian, Judith Houtman, Juan Sebastian Eguiguren, Saeed Ghassemzadeh, Nicole Rund, Nicole M. Novaresi, Lauren Hu, Sarah L. Parylak, Ahmet M. Denli, Lynne Randolph-Moore, Takashi Namba, Fred H. Gage, Tomohisa Toda
Summary: The age-dependent decline of lamin B1 in adult neural stem/progenitor cells is associated with alterations in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and anxiety-like behavior in mice, indicating a role in stem cell aging and mood regulation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kathrin Barth, Verica Vasic, Brennan McDonald, Nora Heinig, Marc-Christoph Wagner, Ulrike Schumann, Cora Roehlecke, Frank Bicker, Lana Schumann, Konstantin Radyushkin, Jan Baumgart, Stefan Tenzer, Frauke Zipp, Matthias Meinhardt, Kari Alitalo, Irmgard Tegeder, Mirko H. H. Schmidt
Summary: Mature neurons, neural stem cells, and neural precursor cells secrete the neurovascular protein EGFL7 to shape the neurogenic niche of the hippocampus. Ablation of EGFL7 leads to increased neurogenesis and is correlated with elevated expression of VEGF-D. Infusion of VEGF-D increases neurogenesis, while its knockout decreases neurogenesis. Furthermore, EGFL7 knockout mice show improved spatial memory and memory consolidation in the hippocampus.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lena-Louise Schuele, Britta Schuermann, Andras Bilkei-Gorzo, Sara Gorgzadeh, Andreas Zimmer, Este Leidmaa
Summary: The endocannabinoid system plays a role in modulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis by influencing the proliferation and survival of neural stem and progenitor cells. Through experiments on mice, it was found that the deletion of cannabinoid receptors or the enzyme responsible for producing endocannabinoids can disrupt adult neurogenesis. The specific cell types involved in producing endocannabinoids relevant to neurogenesis are still unknown. This study revealed that the deletion of the enzyme in neural stem and progenitor cells and astrocytes significantly impairs neurogenesis, while the deletion in neurons does not have the same effect.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Luke Parkitny, Mirjana Maletic-Savatic
Summary: Adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal niche is influenced by glial cells' sensing and response to innate immune danger signals, affecting stem cell fate, survival, neuronal maturation, and integration. These responses can be appropriate and on-target, such as in learning-associated synaptic pruning, or excessive and off-target, as seen in neurodegenerative disorders.
Review
Neurosciences
Aikaterini Lampada, Verdon Taylor
Summary: Neurogenesis stops in most areas of the mammalian brain before or shortly after birth, but in certain brain regions, the production of new neurons continues into adulthood. Neural stem cells in these neurogenic zones are situated within niches that govern their activity and fate. Majority of adult brain stem cells are mitotically inactive and can remain dormant for extended periods. The molecular mechanisms regulating neural stem cell maintenance and differentiation are of great interest, with Notch signaling identified as a critical regulator in various tissues, including the nervous system. This review examines the roles of Notch signaling, as well as the functions of different Notch receptors and ligands, in the regulation of adult neurogenesis in mice.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
R. Samuel Rajendran, Ursula M. Wellbrock, Guenther K. H. Zupanc
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
(2008)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Che-Yu Chu, Chi-Fang Chen, R. Samuel Rajendran, Chia-Ning Shen, Te-Hao Chen, Chueh-Chuan Yen, Chih-Kuang Chuang, Dar-Shong Lin, Chung-Der Hsiao
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
P. Karthiga, M. Ponnanikajamideen, R. Samuel Rajendran, Gurusamy Annadurai, S. Rajeshkumar
DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhenzhen Song, Yun Zhang, Huazheng Zhang, R. Samuel Rajendran, Rongchun Wang, Chung-Der Hsiao, Jianheng Li, Qing Xia, Kechun Liu
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qing Xia, Shuo Gao, Samuel Rajendran Rapael Gnanamuthu, Kaiyan Zhuang, Zhenzhen Song, Yun Zhang, Xue Wang, Pengfei Tu, Jianheng Li, Kechun Liu
Summary: Aconitine (AC) exerts severe toxic effects on zebrafish embryo development, including cardiac, liver, and neurodevelopment impairment, as well as ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. High-concentration AC exposure results in deficient cardiovascular system and cell apoptosis in the heart and brain regions.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yun Zhang, Zhili Jia, R. Samuel Rajendran, Chengyue Zhu, Xue Wang, Kechun Liu, Juan Cen
Summary: The study focused on evaluating the potential toxic effects of PM10 on neurodevelopment and associated gene expression profiles in zebrafish embryos/larvae. High concentrations of PM10 exposure resulted in developmental neurotoxicity and dysfunction of dopaminergic neurons in zebrafish.
Article
Developmental Biology
R. Samuel Rajendran, Marianne M. Zupanc, Andreas Loesche, Jurjen Westra, Jerold Chun, Guenther K. H. Zupanc
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
(2007)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.