Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Regina L. Triplett, Rachel E. Lean, Amisha Parikh, J. Philip Miller, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Sydney Kaplan, Dominique Meyer, Christopher Adamson, Tara A. Smyser, Cynthia E. Rogers, Deanna M. Barch, Barbara Warner, Joan L. Luby, Christopher D. Smyser
Summary: This prospective study found that prenatal exposure to maternal social disadvantage is associated with global reductions in brain volumes and cortical folding in newborns, highlighting the importance of addressing parental socioeconomic hardships in preventive interventions for fetal brain development.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhihai Huang, Yulan Zhang, Xiaohui Ma, Yu Feng, Xuemei Zong, J. Dedrick Jordan, Quanguang Zhang
Summary: Adverse experiences in early life have been linked to poor physical and mental health outcomes, including cognitive dysfunction and depressive-like symptoms in adulthood. The molecular mechanisms responsible for these negative consequences are unclear. Anticipatory guidance is currently the main approach for preventing early life adversity, as there is no available treatment to prevent or alleviate the neurological sequelae. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms behind these associations and evaluate the potential of photobiomodulation (PBM) as a preventive therapy for the cognitive and behavioral manifestations of early life adversity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eric M. Schoenfeld, Nishant K. Gupta, Shariful A. Syed, Anna Rozenboym, Sasha L. Fulton, Andrea P. Jackowski, Tarique D. Perera, Jeremy D. Coplan
Summary: The study suggests that bonnet macaques reared under stress, carrying the ?s?-allele and having smaller adolescent hippocampal volume, exhibit reduced neurogenesis in adulthood. The positive impact of ipsilateral hippocampal volume on neurogenesis levels was observed.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Sidney Zisook, Beata Planeta, Paul B. Hicks, Peijun Chen, Lori L. Davis, Gerardo Villarreal, Mamta Sapra, Gary R. Johnson, Somaia Mohamed
Summary: The study explores the association between specific types of childhood adversity and clinical features and treatment outcomes in adults with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). It shows that childhood adversities are linked to demographic characteristics, severity of depression and anxiety, treatment response, and long-term outcomes, emphasizing the importance of considering childhood maltreatment histories in treating individuals with MDD.
GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Maysam Fadaei-kenarsary, Khadijeh Esmaeilpour, Mohammad Shabani, Vahid Sheibani
Summary: Maternal morphine exposure has negative consequences for learning and memory in the offspring, and maternal separation can cause behavioral and neuropsychiatric problems. However, there is no evidence for the combinatory effects of oral chronic maternal morphine exposure and maternal separation in the CA1 area of the hippocampus in the male adolescent offspring.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Rayiky Rupasinghe, Gabi Dezsi, Ezgi Ozturk, Simone Carron, Matthew R. Hudson, Pablo M. Casillas-Espinosa, Nigel C. Jones
Summary: Early life stress significantly affects maternal care, accelerates epileptogenesis, and exacerbates disease severity in epilepsy. It also relates to depressive behaviors in epileptic rats. The effects on HPA axis functions are complex and contradictory, with implications for understanding the increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders in epilepsy.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Johanna Wallensten, Fariborz Mobarrez, Marie Asberg, Kristian Borg, Aniella Beser, Alexander Wilczek, Anna Nager
Summary: This study found that stress-related mental disorders may be associated with changes in astrocytes and neurons. Elevated levels of S100B, a peripheral marker, were observed in patients with chronic stress-induced exhaustion disorder (SED), especially in women. These findings suggest a potential link between astrocyte pathophysiological changes and cognitive dysfunction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Natalia Duque-Wilckens, Robert Teis, Erika Sarno, Frauke Stoelting, Sonia Khalid, Zakaria Dairi, Alex Douma, Nidia Maradiaga, Stina Hench, Christine D. Dharshika, Kyan M. Thelen, Brian Gulbransen, A. J. Robison, Adam J. Moeser
Summary: Exposure to early life adversity increases the risk of developing psychiatric and inflammatory disorders later in life. The mechanisms behind this are not fully understood, but it is hypothesized that persistent low grade inflammation and the crosstalk between stress-processing brain networks and the immune system play a role. The meninges, which surround the central nervous system, have unique features that allow them to coordinate immune trafficking between the brain and the peripheral immune system. A mouse model study found that early life adversity affects gene expression and mast cell histology in the meninges, and this effect is further pronounced when combined with adult stress. These findings suggest that early life adversity induces long-term changes in the meningeal immune system and heightens sensitivity to adult stress-induced responses.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Katrina A. Milbocker, Taylor S. Campbell, Nicholas Collins, SuHyeong Kim, Ian F. Smith, Tania L. Roth, Anna Y. Klintsova
Summary: Early-life adversity (ELA) negatively affects neurodevelopment in children and adolescents, potentially leading to behavioral deficits and increasing the risk of developing a myriad of neuropsychiatric disorders. A comprehensive review of the mechanisms affecting adolescent neurodevelopment, specifically synaptic pruning and myelination, is lacking.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Sero Toriano Parel, Catherine Jensen Pena
Summary: Both early-life stress and female sex are associated with increased risk for depression, and the interactions between ELS, brain development, and sex are complex. ELS reveals latent sex differences and produces transcriptomic changes in response to adult stress, with sex-specific gene contributions.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Tiffany C. Ho, Lucy S. King
Summary: This article discusses the impact of early exposure to psychosocial adversity on the risk of depression, focusing on stress models centered around developmental processes. It proposes a general framework for understanding how psychosocial adversity in early life disrupts or calibrates the biobehavioral systems implicated in depression, emphasizing the different effects of adversity depending on the timing and developmental stage.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xiaojing Li, Qiuyue Lv, Wanjie Tang, Wei Deng, Liansheng Zhao, Yajing Meng, Wanjun Guo, Tao Li
Summary: College students with early life adversity (ELA) are more susceptible to psychological stress during the COVID-19 epidemic, experiencing more severe acute stress reactions, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Childhood ELA not only increases the risk of anxiety and depressive symptoms in early adulthood, but also leads to more severe acute stress reactions during the epidemic.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hongqi Xiao, Minlan Yuan, Hailong Li, Shiyi Li, Yang Du, Mei Wang, Hongru Zhu, Wei Zhang, Changjian Qiu, Xiaoqi Huang
Summary: The study demonstrates that the functional connectivity of the left hippocampus can predict early efficacy of antidepressants. The ROC curve analysis shows that the FC measures between the left hippocampus and the left inferior frontal gyrus and precuneus are crucial for differentiating early improved and non-improved depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eleonora Fadel, Heinz Boeker, Matti Gaertner, Andre Richter, Birgit Kleim, Erich Seifritz, Simone Grimm, Laura M. Wade-Bohleber
Summary: Depressive symptoms and ELA have distinct associations with FC, with symptoms related to increased FC within SN and decreased FC between SN and other networks. The study contributes to understanding the differential impacts of depression and ELA.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tjeerd Rudmer de Vries, Iris Arends, Naja Hulvej Rod, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Ute Bultmann
Summary: Commonly used methods for modelling early life adversity have limitations in capturing its complex nature. Network analysis provides an alternative approach that can reveal associations and interactions among adversities. Applying network analysis can offer insights into potential mechanisms linking adversities and life course outcomes.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
E. Frawley, M. Cowman, M. Lepage, G. Donohoe
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in improving functioning in early psychosis. The results indicated that psychosocial interventions, particularly when provided as part of a multi-component intervention model in community-based settings, are associated with significant improvements in social and occupational function. Different intervention approaches showed varying levels of effectiveness, with cognitive remediation training outperforming symptom-focused cognitive behavioural therapy interventions and multi-component interventions associated with the largest gains.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Joan Fitzgerald, Laura Fahey, Laurena Holleran, Pilib Broin, Gary Donohoe, Derek W. Morris
Summary: This study explored the genetic basis of cognitive resilience using education years as a proxy for past cognitive performance and processing speed as a measure of current cognitive performance. By conducting a GWAS-by-subtraction, the researchers identified 13 genetic loci associated with resilience. Functional analyses revealed enrichment in various brain regions and specific cell types. Furthermore, a Mendelian randomisation analysis showed a causal effect of white matter volume on cognitive resilience.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fienne-Elisa Beckmann, Stephanie Seidenbecher, Coraline D. Metzger, Dorothee M. Gescher, Angela Carballedo, Leonardo Tozzi, Veronica O'Keane, Thomas Frodl
Summary: This study found a link between C-reactive protein (CRP) and major depressive disorder (MDD) as well as network dysfunction. The results showed dysregulated neural circuits specifically connected to elevated plasma CRP levels, suggesting the existence of a certain immune-inflammatory subtype of MDD.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Du Lei, Kun Qin, Walter H. L. Pinaya, Jonathan Young, Therese van Amelsvoort, Machteld Marcelis, Gary Donohoe, David O. Mothersill, Aiden Corvin, Sandra Vieira, Su Lui, Cristina Scarpazza, Celso Arango, Ed Bullmore, Qiyong Gong, Philip McGuire, Andrea Mechelli
Summary: This study used graph-based approaches to investigate topological abnormalities of functional brain networks in schizophrenia. The results showed that graph convolutional network (GCN) had higher classification accuracy compared to support vector machine (SVM). The most discriminative brain regions were located in a distributed network including striatal areas and the amygdala. Deficits in the nodal efficiency of bilateral putamen and pallidum were found to be associated with negative symptoms.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Linda M. Bonnekoh, Stephanie Seidenbecher, Katrin Knigge, Anne-Kathrin Huenecke, Coraline D. Metzger, Claus Tempelmann, Martin Kanowski, Joern Kaufmann, Gabriela Meyer-Lotz, Konstantin Schlaaff, Henrik Dobrowolny, Leonardo Tozzi, Dorothee M. Gescher, Johann Steiner, Clemens Kirschbaum, Thomas Frodl
Summary: This study investigated metabolic alterations in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of patients with major depression and comorbid anxiety disorder. It found a relationship between N-acetylaspartate metabolism in the ACC and activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) as represented by long-term cortisol output.
WORLD JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
John A. Williams, Stephen Burgess, John Suckling, Paris Alexandros Lalousis, Fatima Batool, Sian Lowri Griffiths, Edward Palmer, Andreas Karwath, Andrey Barsky, Georgios Gkoutos, Stephen Wood, Nicholas M. Barnes, Anthony S. David, Gary Donohoe, Joanna C. Neill, Bill Deakin, Golam M. Khandaker, Rachel Upthegrove
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between inflammation and changes in brain structures, and explores the transcriptome-driven functional basis with relevance to mental illness. It finds that genetically determined IL-6 is associated with brain structure and potentially affects areas implicated in developmental neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism.
Article
Psychiatry
Marian Lueno, Henrik Dobrowolny, Dorothee Gescher, Laila Gbaoui, Gabriele Meyer-Lotz, Christoph Hoeschen, Thomas Frodl
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls. The results showed that certain mass concentrations were significantly decreased in MDD patients compared to healthy controls, and there were also significant differences in mass concentrations of other VOCs over time between the two groups. ROC analysis revealed that it was possible to differentiate between the groups. These findings suggest that VOCs may be a promising tool for future studies.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Saskia Therese Schirmer, Fienne-Elisa Beckmann, Hanna Gruber, Konstantin Schlaaff, Denise Scheermann, Stephanie Seidenbecher, Coraline Danielle Metzger, Claus Tempelmann, Thomas Frodl
Summary: This study compared resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and childhood trauma (CT) history versus MDD without CT, as well as healthy controls. The results showed decreased RSFC in MDD patients compared to controls in multiple brain networks. Patients with CT history exhibited more aberrant RSFC. This suggests that CT may be a significant factor in the etiology of MDD, contributing to dysregulated neural circuits and distinct pathophysiology.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Emma Frawley, Caroline Heary, Clio Berry, Matteo Cella, David Fowler, Til Wykes, Gary Donohoe
Summary: This study explores a psychosocial intervention combining cognitive remediation and social recovery therapy for early psychosis. Through qualitative research methods, four themes were identified and pragmatic feedback for improving the therapy was provided. The findings suggest that this intervention is acceptable and helpful for early psychosis patients.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sean R. McWhinney, Katharina Brosch, Vince D. Calhoun, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Nicolas A. Crossley, Udo Dannlowski, Erin Dickie, Lorielle M. F. Dietze, Gary Donohoe, Stefan Du Plessis, Stefan Ehrlich, Robin Emsley, Petra Furstova, David C. Glahn, Alfonso Gonzalez-Valderrama, Dominik Grotegerd, Laurena Holleran, Tilo T. J. Kircher, Pavel Knytl, Marian Kolenic, Rebekka Lencer, Igor Nenadic, Nils Opel, Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Amanda L. Rodrigue, Kelly Rootes-Murdy, Alex J. Ross, Kang Sim, Antonin Skoch, Filip Spaniel, Frederike Stein, Patrik Svancer, Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Juan Undurraga, Javier Vaquez-Bourgon, Aristotle Voineskos, Esther Walton, Thomas W. Weickert, Cynthia Shannon Weickert, Paul M. Thompson, Theo G. M. van Erp, Jessica A. Turner, Tomas Hajek
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Held, Dariush Henning, Carina Jiang, Christoph Hoeschen, Thomas Frodl
Summary: The study aimed to confirm the differences in the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the breathing air of schizophrenia patients compared to healthy participants. It also examined whether these VOCs remain stable or change during the early treatment course. Furthermore, it investigated the correlation between the VOCs and the existing psychopathology of schizophrenia patients.
Review
Psychiatry
Megan Cowman, Emmet Godfrey, Talissa Walsh, Emma Frawley, David Fowler, Mario Alvarez-Jimenez, Karen O'Connor, Til Wykes, Max Birchwood, Gary Donohoe
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of functioning measures in psychosis. The results showed that more specific measures of social and occupational function were better at detecting changes over time and in response to treatment.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Muhammad Kamran, Aodan Laighneach, Farhana Bibi, Gary Donohoe, Naveed Ahmed, Asim Ur Rehman, Derek W. Morris
Summary: This study identifies associations between SORCS3 and various brain-related disorders and traits, and reveals that SNPs related to neurodevelopment and cognitive function are associated with SORCS3. The study also shows that the SORCS3 gene-set contributes significantly to the heritability of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, intelligence, and education attainment. Furthermore, functional annotation reveals the enrichment of synapse-related ontologies in the SORCS3 gene-set.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Emma Corley, Laura Fahey, Joan Fitzgerald, Laurena Holleran, Esther Walton, Derek W. W. Morris, Gary Donohoe
Summary: Cognitive ability is a powerful predictor of occupational achievement, quality of life, and physical health. However, little is known about how genetic variation, brain morphology, early life adversity, and education interact to explain this variation in cognition.
GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Brian J. Burkett, Chad M. Rasmussen, W. Jonathan Fillmore, Jennifer S. Mcdonald, Robert J. Mcdonald, Andrew J. Fagan, Sarah A. Erdahl, Steven J. Eckdahl, Kirk M. Welker
Summary: The study found that MRI does not significantly increase mercury excretion from dental amalgam at 1.5T, 3T, or 7T field strengths, both for laboratory restorations and for those placed and lived with prior to extraction and scanning, demonstrating no added risk to the clinical patient or research subject.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)