Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mia Moses, Jeggan Tiego, Ditte Demontis, G. Bragi Walters, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson, Anders D. Borglum, Aurina Arnatkeviciute, Mark A. Bellgrove
Summary: This study examined three potential endophenotypes for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): working memory function, response inhibition, and reaction time variability. The results showed that higher genetic risk for ADHD was associated with higher ADHD traits, as well as poorer working memory performance and increased reaction time variability. Lower working memory performance, poorer response inhibition, and increased reaction time variability were associated with more pronounced ADHD traits. Working memory and reaction time variability partially mediated the relationship between genetic risk for ADHD and ADHD traits, explaining 14% and 16% of the association, respectively.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Erica D. Musser, Stephanie S. J. Morris, Kathleen Feeney, Rosario Pintos Lobo, Edward F. Ester
Summary: Inattention is a key symptom of ADHD, but the mechanisms underlying it are unclear. More specific approaches are needed to link disruptions in cognitive performance with ADHD behaviors. A pilot study found that even typically developing children did not maximally extract and combine information to maximize rewards in a cognitive task targeting attention selection mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mana Oguchi, Toru Takahashi, Yusuke Nitta, Hiroaki Kumano
Summary: Among adults with ADHD, procrastination is one of the most common problems in daily life. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between suboptimal decision-making or temporal discounting (TD) and procrastination among adults with ADHD. The results showed that even when ADHD symptoms were high, higher TD rates were associated with more procrastination, while lower TD rates were associated with less procrastination. The study suggests that procrastination interventions for adult ADHD-prone individuals need to pay attention to reward responses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edward D. Barker, Alex Ing, Francesca Biondo, Tianye Jia, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Ebba Du Rietz, Yuning Zhang, Barbara Ruggeri, Tobias Banaschewski, Sarah Hohmann, Arun L. W. Bokde, Uli Bromberg, Christian Buechel, Erin Burke Quinlan, Edmund Sounga-Barke, April B. Bowling, Sylvane Desrivieres, Herta Flor, Vincent Frouin, Hugh Garavan, Philip Asherson, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Bernd Ittermann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos-Orfanos, Luise Poustka, Michael N. Smolka, Nora C. Vetter, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann
Summary: There is a clear link between ADHD, impulsivity features, and overweight/obesity, with neural and polygenic correlates playing a role in this association. The study found shared neural substrate associated with impulsivity symptoms, BMI, and their respective polygenic risk scores, indicating a common genetic liability for ADHD and BMI. Impulsivity symptoms and BMI were also mediated by neuroimaging substrate, revealing a potential underlying mechanism for their phenotypic association.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Stefano Damiani, Livio Tarchi, Andrea Scalabrini, Simone Marini, Umberto Provenzani, Matteo Rocchetti, Francesco Oliva, Pierluigi Politi
Summary: Research shows that the subcortical structure, particularly the caudate nucleus, plays a significant role in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by exhibiting significant differences in functional connectivity, such as increased connectivity with two mesolimbic regions related to the Salience Network. The degree of hyper-functional connectivity is positively correlated with ADHD symptoms and shows different patterns of evolution in ADHD and neurotypical subjects.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Myrte J. M. van Langen, Branko M. van Hulst, Miriam Douma, Maarten Steffers, Nicolle M. H. van de Wiel, Els van den Ban, Sarah Durston, Patrick de Zeeuw
Summary: The study found that in children with ADHD, parent-rated reward sensitivity was associated with treatment outcomes, with children who had lower reward sensitivity showing greater improvement in behavioral interventions.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Cheng Wang, Xin Wang, Xiaobei Jing, Hiroshi Yokoi, Weimin Huang, Mingxing Zhu, Shixiong Chen, Guanglin Li
Summary: The study proposes a method using the CNN-LSTM model to effectively identify children with ADHD and its subtypes. The visualized features extracted by this model can better explain the differences in ERP response among different groups, providing more reliable neural biomarkers for accurate diagnosis in clinics.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan M. Grotewiel, Megan E. Crenshaw, Amelia Dorsey, Elizabeth Street
Summary: Hyperfocus and flow are intense concentration experiences associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance. Hyperfocus has been historically seen as a symptom of ADHD, autism, or schizophrenia, while flow is regarded as an enjoyable experience in positive psychology. Recent studies suggest that hyperfocus and flow may be the same phenomenon viewed from different perspectives.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yachao Rong, Ningxuan Chen, Jiarui Dong, Qi Li, Xiaodong Yue, Li Hu, Ping Wei
Summary: The current study used a modified task to investigate the neural mechanisms involved in anticipating and receiving immediate or delayed rewards, as well as how pursuing these rewards affects cognitive task performance. The findings suggest that immediate rewards are associated with the fastest behavioral responses and the strongest neural activity, followed by delayed rewards, while no rewards are associated with the slowest behavioral responses and the weakest neural activity. Additionally, expectations related to specific neural activities predicted behavioral performance, particularly in the context of immediate rewards.
Article
Psychiatry
Dara E. Babinski, Erika F. H. Saunders, Fan He, Duanping Liao, Amanda M. Pearl, Daniel A. Waschbusch
Summary: This study examined the diagnostic indicators, clinical characteristics, and functional impairment associated with adult ADHD using electronic medical records and self-report measures. The results showed a significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between self-report screening and medical records. ADHD was found to contribute to functional impairment even when controlling for other psychiatric comorbidities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nadia Ali, Amanda Caceres, Eric W. Hall, Dawn Laney
Summary: This pilot study compared reported symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity in adults with Fabry disease with normative control data, finding a higher prevalence of symptoms in Fabry disease patients. The study suggests that attention difficulties in Fabry disease patients are not solely explained by ADHD. Patients reporting symptoms were also more likely to report difficulties in adaptive functioning.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsin-Yi Fan, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Yu-Shian Cheng, Weilun Chung, Ruu-Fen Tzang, Hsien-Jane Chiu, Chun-Ning Ho, Kuo-Chuan Hung
Summary: This study provides a systematic review and analysis of the effectiveness of electroencephalogram-based neurofeedback (EEG-NF) in treating the core symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents/adults. The results suggest that EEG-NF can effectively improve inattention symptoms, but its effectiveness in reducing hyperactivity/impulsivity remains inconclusive.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingnan Du, Edmund T. Rolls, Weikang Gong, Miao Cao, Deniz Vatansever, Jie Zhang, Jujiao Kang, Wei Cheng, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: The study showed that children of younger mothers tend to have more behavioral and cognitive problems, which are associated with lower volumes of certain cortical regions. The findings suggest that parental age is linked to behavioral issues and cognitive decline in children.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E. M. Bruxel, C. R. Moreira-Maia, G. C. Akutagava-Martins, T. P. Quinn, M. Klein, B. Franke, M. Ribases, P. Rovira, C. Sanchez-Mora, D. B. Kappel, N. R. Mota, E. H. Grevet, C. H. D. Bau, M. Arcos-Burgos, L. A. Rohde, M. H. Hutz
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between ADGRL3 gene variants and ADHD susceptibility in children and adults, finding significant correlation in children but not in adults. The results suggest that ADGRL3 gene is predominantly associated with childhood ADHD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Sophie Carruthers, Giorgia Michelini, Viryanaga Kitsune, Georgina M. Hosang, Daniel Brandeis, Philip Asherson, Jonna Kuntsi
Summary: Research suggests that differences in ERP between individuals with BD and ADHD in conflict monitoring may be attributed to differences in early attention processes, pointing to distinct neural mechanisms between the two disorders.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Isabella Vainieri, Joanna Martin, Anna-Sophie Rommel, Philip Asherson, Tobias Banaschewski, Jan Buitelaar, Bru Cormand, Jennifer Crosbie, Stephen Faraone, Barbara Franke, Sandra K. Loo, Ana Miranda, Iris Manor, Robert D. Oades, Kirstin L. Purves, J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases, Herbert Roeyers, Aribert Rothenberger, Russell Schachar, Joseph Sergeant, Hans-Christoph Steinhausen, Pieter J. Vuijk, Alysa E. Doyle, Jonna Kuntsi
Summary: By analyzing ADHD samples from various international sites, it was found that polygenic risk scores (PRS) for ADHD are significantly associated with attention regulation.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Massimiliano Conson, Mattia Siciliano, Luigi Trojano, Pierluigi Zoccolotti, Isa Zappullo, Chiara Baiano, Giovanni Caputo, Alessandro Russo, Gabriella Santangelo
Summary: In Study 1, differences in GHFT accuracy and time scores were observed across age groups in typically developing children, regardless of sex and socioeconomic factors. In Study 2, children with autism achieved time scores at or above the 50th centile and significantly differed from the controls for time score, indicating that GHFT is a valuable tool for defining the cognitive profile of children with autism.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Giovanna Cuomo, Valerio Maglianella, Sheida Ghanbari Ghooshchy, Pierluigi Zoccolotti, Marialuisa Martelli, Stefano Paolucci, Giovanni Morone, Marco Iosa
Summary: This review examines the potential benefits of motor imagery interventions for improving walking ability in Parkinson's disease patients, and discusses new perspectives and techniques including Brain Computer Interfaces, neurofeedback, and virtual reality for rehabilitation.
EXPERT REVIEW OF NEUROTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Christelle Vernhet, Cecile Michelon, Florine Dellapiazza, Cecile Rattaz, Marie-Maude Geoffray, Herbert Roeyers, Marie-Christine Picot, Amaria Baghdadli
Summary: The study found that mothers perceived a greater impact of ASD on their quality of life compared to fathers, and there was a strong correlation between the child's clinical characteristics and parents' perception of the impact of ASD on quality of life. Certain parental factors were also associated with the impact on quality of life.
QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Floor Moerman, Petra Warreyn, Ellen Demurie, Sofie Boterberg, Julie Vermeirsch, Herbert Roeyers
Summary: This study observed the play behaviors of siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), very preterm children, and children at typical likelihood for ASD at 24 months. The results showed that children with ASD and atypical development engaged less in spontaneous symbolic play compared to typically developing children. The duration of spontaneous and elicited symbolic play was associated with later ASD traits in siblings. However, no significant association between play variables and ASD traits was found in preterm children. These findings suggest that spontaneous symbolic play may be indicative of developmental challenges across different populations and highlight the importance of studying beyond just siblings to broaden our understanding of ASD.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Peter B. Marschik, Luise Poustka, Sven Boelte, Herbert Roeyers, Anders Nordahl-Hansen
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Fen Zhang, Floor Moerman, Haijing Niu, Petra Warreyn, Herbert Roeyers
Summary: This study investigated the differences in brain network efficiency and information transferring between infants at elevated likelihood (EL) and typical likelihood (TL) for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The results showed that 5-month-old EL infants exhibited overgrown local connections and inefficiencies in brain network organization.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sofie Boterberg, Elise Vantroys, Boel De Paepe, Rudy Van Coster, Herbert Roeyers
Summary: There is increasing evidence of a link between dysfunctional mitochondria and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A study aimed at exploring this association examined lactate concentrations in the urine of children with ASD as a non-invasive screening method for metabolic abnormalities. The study found no significant association between urine lactate concentrations and mitochondrial dysfunction or regression, but milder mitochondrial dysfunction could not be ruled out. Future research should focus on developing alternative biomarkers and conducting prospective studies to improve early detection.
Review
Education, Special
Peter B. Marschik, Claudius A. A. Widmann, Sigrun Lang, Tomas Kulvicius, Sofie Boterberg, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Sven Boelte, Gianluca Esposito, Anders Nordahl-Hansen, Herbert Roeyers, Florentin Woergoetter, Christa Einspieler, Luise Poustka, Dajie Zhang
Summary: This study focused on typically developing children and those with neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes. It aimed to review observational and computational studies on the emergence of (pre-)babbling vocalisations and outline findings on acoustic characteristics of early verbal functions.
ADVANCES IN NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lyssa de Vries, Steffie Amelynck, Paer Nystroem, Lotte van Esch, Thijs Van Lierde, Petra Warreyn, Herbert Roeyers, Ilse Noens, Gunnar Naulaers, Bart Boets, Jean Steyaert, TIARA Team
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the developmental trajectories of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in infants, with or without increased likelihood for atypical ANS development. The pupillary light reflex (PLR) was used as an index and eye-tracking was employed to capture the PLR in 216 infants. The results revealed an increase in PLR parameters with age, as well as group differences in baseline pupil diameter and latency to constriction.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Maithri Sivaraman, Dermot Barnes-Holmes, R. Douglas Greer, Daniel M. Fienup, Herbert Roeyers
Summary: Relational frame theory and verbal behavior development theory are two behavior-analytic perspectives on human language and cognition. While they both rely on Skinner's analysis of verbal behavior, they have been developed independently in clinical psychology and education/development respectively. This paper aims to provide an overview of both theories and explore the points of contact between them. They address early language development and children's incidental learning of names, and there are broad similarities in the types of functional analyses they generate.
JOURNAL OF THE EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Letteria Tomasello, Leonardo Carlucci, Angelina Lagana, Santi Galletta, Chiara Valeria Marinelli, Massimo Raffaele, Pierluigi Zoccolotti
Summary: This study examined the effectiveness of EEG resting state and neuropsychological performances in distinguishing between different types of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in comparison to control subjects. The results showed that patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Fronto-Temporal Dementia (FTD) exhibited greater theta activation in posterior areas compared to MCI and control groups. AD patients also had higher delta band activity in temporal-occipital areas compared to controls and MCI patients. The joint use of cognitive and neurophysiological data can provide converging evidence for monitoring cognitive skills in individuals at risk.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Roberta Fadda, Sara Congiu, Herbert Roeyers, Tricia Skoler
Summary: This study assessed the influence of biophilic design on visual attention in 4-5-year-old children. The results showed that children had significantly longer first fixations in the high-biophilic-design condition compared to the low-biophilic-design condition. This study demonstrates the potential of biophilic design to enhance visual attention in indoor environments.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maria Magan-Maganto, Ricardo Canal-Bedia, Alvaro Bejarano-Martin, Maria Victoria Martin-Cilleros, Aranzazu Hernandez-Fabian, Andrea Luz Calvarro-Castaneda, Herbert Roeyers, Cristina Jenaro-Rio, Manuel Posada de la Paz
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in preterm children and its relationship with gestational age and birthweight. The results showed that the prevalence of ASD in preterm children was 7.02%, and there were statistically significant weak correlations between ASD and gestational age as well as birthweight, indicating a higher likelihood of developing ASD for those born smaller or earlier in their gestation.
HEALTH SCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Education & Educational Research
Francesco Domenico Di Blasi, Angela Antonia Costanzo, Maria Finocchiaro, Maria Agatina Stimoli, Rosa Zuccarello, Serafino Buono, Raffaele Ferri, Pierluigi Zoccolotti
Summary: A substantial proportion of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) also have an intellectual disability (ID). The academic achievement levels of students with ASD and ID (ASD-ID) are poorly documented and known. This systematic review examined the school skills of reading, spelling, and math in children and adolescents with ASD-ID. The results showed that students with ASD-ID had significantly lower scores in reading, spelling, and math compared to students with ASD without ID. Further research is needed to better understand the academic abilities of students with ASD-ID.
EDUCATION SCIENCES
(2023)
