Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yusaku Takamura, Shintaro Fujii, Satoko Ohmatsu, Shu Morioka, Noritaka Kawashima
Summary: Visuospatial neglect (VSN) is a neurological syndrome where patients fail to detect stimuli on the side opposite a hemispheric lesion. A study found VSN can be divided into elements such as low arousal, exogenous neglect, and spatial working memory deficit, each correlating with specific neural damage. This research sheds light on the complex structure of VSN as a deficit in attention network components.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shenhao Dai, Celine Piscicelli, Emmanuelle Clarac, Monica Baciu, Marc Hommel, Dominic Perennou
Summary: Lateropulsion, or pusher syndrome, is characterized by body tilt, pushing, and resistance, adjusting body orientation in the roll plane to an incorrect reference of verticality. It may represent a form of spatial neglect, supporting the idea of 3D maps in the human brain involving an internal model of verticality.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Michael C. W. English, Murray T. Maybery, Troy A. W. Visser
Summary: Most individuals have a slight bias towards visual stimuli in their left visual field (LVF), indicating right-brain specialization in visuospatial functions. Neurodevelopmental disorders can alter this bias, suggesting a connection to changes in hemispheric asymmetry. We reviewed existing literature on the link between autism and alterations in visuospatial bias, finding 13 studies that explored this issue. Evidence consistently showed reduced LVF bias in individuals with autism, particularly in studies measuring attentional bias or preference using tasks like line bisection, while findings were less conclusive for studies measuring attentional performance (e.g., reaction time). Further research and recommendations for extending this line of inquiry are needed.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ana Pina Rodrigues, Miguel Castelo-Branco, Marieke van Asselen
Summary: In this study, it was found that adults with developmental dyslexia exhibit slower mechanisms in using exogenous attention orienting and abnormal responses at farther peripheral distances. Dyslexics also showed attentional facilitation deficits above 12 degrees of eccentricity, indicating a deficit in attentional engagement at far periphery.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lei Cao, Linlin Ye, Huanxin Xie, Yichen Zhang, Weiqun Song
Summary: Visual-spatial attention disorder after stroke has a significant impact on recovery and quality of life in stroke patients. Rapid recovery from the disorder is associated with changes in brain networks.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Daniel Perez-Marcos, Roberta Ronchi, Arthur Giroux, Fanny Brenet, Andrea Serino, Tej Tadi, Olaf Blanke
Summary: This paper presents two tasks in immersive virtual reality to assess unilateral spatial neglect (USN) and proposes new objective scores based on participant's performance. It validates the feasibility of these assessments and suggests that they can help distinguish neurological patients with and without USN.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Haggar Cohen-Dallal, Nachum Soroker, Yoni Pertzov
Summary: Patients with stroke and unilateral spatial neglect (USN) show impaired working memory (WM), particularly in the binding between object identity and location. Errors in identification and localization were more prominent on the contralesional side, especially after a long retention interval. These errors were often due to swapping of correctly identified objects from the contralesional side to the correct locations of objects from the ipsilesional side.
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neuroimaging
Ningning He, Lena Palaniyappan, Zeqiang Linli, Shuixia Guo
Summary: In this study, a comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted on imaging data from ADHD patients and control subjects, revealing the significant role of brain asymmetry in ADHD, especially in regions like the prefrontal, frontal, subcortical, and cerebellar areas where structural and functional abnormalities were found.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Margaret Jane Moore, Nele Demeyere
Summary: This study investigates a case of word-centred neglect dyslexia to explore alternative mechanisms for this condition. The patient, EF, exhibited right-lateralised neglect dyslexia along with severe left egocentric neglect and left hemianopia. The severity of EF's neglect dyslexia was not influenced by factors that typically affect visuospatial neglect. Instead, EF's deficits in reading appear to be related to a deficit in cognitive inhibition. These findings challenge the dominant model of word-centred neglect dyslexia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nuala Brady, Kate Darmody, Fiona N. Newell, Sarah M. Cooney
Summary: This study compared the performance of dyslexic and typical readers on tasks measuring holistic face processing and holistic word processing. The results showed that dyslexic readers exhibited greater holistic processing of words than typical readers, while face processing abilities were similar. Additionally, the study found that more holistic processing in both tasks predicted higher accuracy and speed for dyslexic readers, but lower accuracy for typical readers in word reading.
Article
Neurosciences
Tianqiang Liu, Michel Thiebaut de Schotten, Irene Altarelli, Franck Ramus, Jingjing Zhao
Summary: This study provides evidence for distinct neural circuits corresponding to visual attention span (VAS) and phonological deficits in developmental dyslexia. The findings suggest that structural connectivity of different brain networks is associated with individual differences in VAS and phonological processing accuracy in dyslexic children.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kean Poon, Mimi S. H. Ho, Li-Chih Wang
Summary: The study found that children with ADHD-I and/or RD exhibit diverse cognitive profiles, with RD associated with verbal and visual-spatial working memory deficits, while ADHD-I was associated with behavioral working memory deficits. The comorbid condition demonstrated additive deficits of the two disorders but with greater deficits in behavioral working memory. These results support the cognitive subtype hypothesis, providing insight into the distinctive working memory profiles of different groups and guiding the development of future intervention programs.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Sudre, Marine Bouyssi-Kobar, Luke Norman, Wendy Sharp, Saadia Choudhury, Philip Shaw
Summary: The study found significant heritability in the rates of change of white matter tract microstructural properties and connectivity between different brain networks. Changes in hyperactivity-impulsivity were associated with heritable changes in white matter tracts metrics and connectivity between attention and cognitive networks. This suggests that these heritable ADHD-associated neural phenotypes can be useful for future gene discovery and understanding.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lisa K. Chinn, Marina A. Zhukova, Ryan J. Kroeger, Leandro M. Ledesma, Joslyn E. Cavitt, Elena L. Grigorenko
Summary: Although learning disorders and developmental language disorder have overlapping characteristics, they are currently diagnosed separately. The extent to which they have overlapping or distinct neural signatures is still uncertain. Identifying neural markers/endophenotypes is important for developing diagnostic tools and understanding disorders across different dimensions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Nergiz Turgut, Anna-Lena Jansen, Joern Nielsen, Ines Heber, Paul Eling, Helmut Hildebrandt
Summary: The study compared the effects of automatic and controlled procedures on neglect patients, showing that practicing an endogenous attention task leads to significant improvements in neglect patients, especially for invalid trials. Therefore, neglect treatments based on top-down strategies should be given more attention.
BRAIN AND COGNITION
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karen E. Waldie, Gjurgjica Badzakova-Trajkov, Haeme R. P. Park, Yuxuan Zheng, Denise Neumann, Nasrin Zamani Foroushani
Summary: The study found that bilinguals recruit more extensive networks when processing the second language, but show weaker lateralisation during lexical decisions in both L1 and L2. While learning a second language late confers benefits to executive functioning, it comes at the expense of decreased cortical efficiency.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW ZEALAND
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susan Schenk, Karen Waldie, Gina Grimshaw
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW ZEALAND
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Markus Hausmann
Summary: There is strong evidence suggesting differences in brain activity between men and women in long-term memory and other cognitive functions. While sex/gender is not fully understood as a proxy for underlying biological and psychosocial factors, cognitive neuroscience within a biopsychosocial approach plays a key role in investigating these differences for a better understanding.
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Markus Hausmann, Michael C. Corballis, Mara Fabri
Summary: Previous research has shown a strong right bias in attention allocation in split brain subjects, even after functional disconnection of intact right-hemispheric areas. The results from two split-brain patients revealed a pathological rightward bias in attention allocation, suggesting a strong dependence on the left hemisphere in spatial attention, which is opposite to what is normally expected in individuals with intact commissures.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marco Hirnstein, Markus Hausmann
Summary: This commentary rejects the extreme 'sexual dimorphism' concept and emphasizes the importance of sex/gender differences in the brain, highlighting that even small effects can have meaningful behavioral consequences. It suggests that non-binary sex/gender-related factors may better explain individual differences and play important roles in the etiology of mental and neurodevelopmental disorders. The conclusion underscores the significance of the biopsychosocial approach in understanding sex/gender differences in the brain.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Denise Neumann, Elizabeth R. Peterson, Lisa Underwood, Susan M. B. Morton, Karen E. Waldie
Summary: The study found that cognitive composite indices at 9 months, 2 years, and 4.5 years were differently related to cognitive outcomes at 8 years, with CCIs identified at 4.5 years having a better predictive power for future cognitive development.
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susan M. B. Morton, Carin Napier, Manisha Morar, Karen Waldie, Elizabeth Peterson, Polly Atatoa Carr, Kane Meissel, Sarah-Jane Paine, Cameron C. Grant, Pat Bullen, John Fenaughty, Amy Bird, Lisa Underwood, Clare Wall, Daniel Exeter, Katen Prickett, Te Kani Kingi, Renee Liang, Jacinta Fa'alili-Fidow, Sarah Gerritsen, Emma Marks, Caroline Walker, Fiona Langridge, Rebecca Evans, Denise Neumann, Molly Grant, Hakkan Lai, Seini Taufa, Ash Smith, Jane Cha
Summary: Growing Up in New Zealand is the largest contemporary longitudinal study in the country, providing insight into the lives of children and young people. While most children are growing up well, a significant portion face challenges that limit their wellbeing and opportunities.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW ZEALAND
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Vojtech Smekal, D. Michael Burt, Robert W. Kentridge, Markus Hausmann
Summary: This study aims to address the inconsistencies in the literature regarding the dominance of the right cerebral hemisphere in emotional face perception, specifically exploring the effects of emotional expression intensity, different emotions, and conscious perception. The findings support the hypothesis of right hemisphere dominance in emotional lateralization, while also suggesting that the dominance may be influenced by task difficulty and visual perception strategy.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Marco Hirnstein, Josephine Stuebs, Angelica Moe, Markus Hausmann
Summary: Women have a slight advantage in verbal abilities, particularly in phonemic fluency and recall. The gender difference in semantic fluency and recognition appears to be category-dependent. Published articles report stronger female advantages, and first authors believe their own gender performs better.
PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Maria T. Corkin, Elizabeth R. Peterson, Annette M. E. Henderson, Karen E. Waldie, Elaine Reese, Susan M. B. Morton
Summary: The recent proliferation of mobile technology has greatly influenced the media environment experienced by preschool children today, allowing for a re-evaluation of the predictors of screen time for children in this age group. While previous research found no association between mothers' life logistics and preschool children's screen time, it did find a small negative effect of mothers' work hours on children's screen time. Surprisingly, ethnicity emerged as the strongest predictor of screen time, while symptoms of inattention/hyperactivity and regular childcare attendance were also associated with screen time. Furthermore, the study identified four modifiable media parenting practices that were related to preschool children's screen time.
SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ramune Griksiene, Rimante Gaizauskaite, Indre Pretkelyte, Markus Hausmann
Summary: The present study assessed the functional cerebral asymmetries of visual working memory (VWM) in relation to language lateralization. The results showed that men and women performed more accurately and faster in the right visual half-field for VWM tasks. In the lexical decision task, a right visual half-field advantage was observed in performance accuracy. There was no relationship between lateralization in VWM and lexical decision. VWM performance accuracy decreased significantly with increasing asymmetry, especially for women.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Guy Vingerhoets, Helena Verhelst, Robin Gerrits, Nicholas Badcock, Dorothy V. M. Bishop, David Carey, Jason Flindall, Gina Grimshaw, Lauren Julius Harris, Markus Hausmann, Marco Hirnstein, Lutz Jancke, Marc Joliot, Karsten Specht, Rene Westerhausen
Summary: This study aims to establish consensus on best practices for assessing and reporting left-right asymmetry in various methods of laterality research. Experts in the field were surveyed and their input was used to generate key recommendations.
Article
Neurosciences
Linda Arrighi, Markus Hausmann
Summary: A recent study found that the male advantage in mental rotation is the largest cognitive sex/gender difference in psychological literature. This study further investigated the impact of spatial anxiety and self-confidence on these gender differences.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Angelica Moe, Markus Hausmann, Marco Hirnstein
Summary: The study found that men were more likely to endorse male-favouring stereotypes while women were more likely to endorse female-favouring stereotypes. STEM students were more likely to endorse gender stereotypes than non-STEM students, and female STEM students had a stronger belief in the ability to change and improve male-favouring abilities.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PSYCHOLOGISCHE FORSCHUNG
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Markus Hausmann, Bobby R. Innes, Yan K. Birch, Robert W. Kentridge
Summary: This study examined hemispheric asymmetries in emotional face perception, finding that only broadband expressions produced a LVF/RH bias, while only happiness revealed a significant LVF/RH bias in hybrid images. This suggests that the low spatial frequency content of emotional facial expressions may not be sufficient to induce an LVF bias under free-viewing conditions, where the bias is primarily cortically mediated.
