Journal
NEUROPSYCHOBIOLOGY
Volume 64, Issue 1, Pages 38-46Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000324992
Keywords
Alcoholism; Dopamine; Ghrelin; Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; Personality; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Temperament and Character Inventory
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Funding
- Swedish Research Council [4247]
- Alcohol Research Council of the Swedish Alcohol Retailing Monopoly
- Swedish Labour Market Insurance (AFA)
- Wilhelm and Martina Lundgrens Scientific Foundation
- Signe and Olof Wallenius Foundation
- Goljes Memory Foundation
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital [7136, 7341]
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Components of the brain reward system, i.e. the mesolimbic dopamine, laterodorsal cholinergic and ghrelin signaling systems, have been implicated in alcohol reward in preclinical studies. Genetic variants of these systems have previously been linked to alcohol dependence. Here, we genotyped 31 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): 1 SNP in the dopamine D 2 receptor (DRD2) gene, 20 SNPs in 5 different nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit (CHRN*) genes, and 10 SNPs in the genes encoding pro-ghrelin (GHRL) and its receptor (GHSR), in a pilot study of type 1 alcoholics (n = 84) and healthy controls (n = 32). These individuals were characterized using the Temperament and Character Inventory. None of the SNPs were associated with risk of alcohol dependence in this population. The GG genotype of SNP rs13261190 in the CHRNB3 was associated with increased novelty seeking, while SNPs of the ghrelin signaling system were associated with decreased self-directedness (AA of rs495225, GHSR) and alterations in self-transcendence (AA of both rs42451 and rs35680, GHRL). In conclusion, this pilot study suggests that reward-related genes are associated with altered personality scores in type 1 alcohol dependence, which warrants future studies of these associations in larger study samples. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel
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