Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lisa Klotz, Ralf Enz
Summary: The study analyzed the expression and localization of mGluR7a and mGluR7b in mouse cochlear wholemounts, finding a presynaptic localization of mGluR7a at inner hair cells (IHCs) and co-localization of mGluR7b with mGluR7a at IHC ribbon synapses. The numbers of mGluR7a and mGluR7b puncta were reduced at higher frequencies and in older animals, indicating potential age and frequency-related changes in the cochlea.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Bodzeta, Nicky Scheefhals, Harold D. MacGillavry
Summary: The various functions of glutamate in the brain are mediated by ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors, which modulate synaptic transmission and plasticity. mGluRs play roles at both presynaptic and postsynaptic sites, acting as essential signal integrators that couple mechanisms of transmission and plasticity.
Article
Neurosciences
Chaohong Li, Baosheng Zhao, Chenlu Zhao, Lu Huang, Yuzhen Liu
Summary: The study revealed the expression and physiological function of mGluR1 in the CB. Activation of mGluR1 inhibited the response of CB to hypoxia and prolonged the latency period of the response.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shu Zeng, Min Tao, Lei Yuan, Lili Zhang, Xie Luo
Summary: mGluR5 plays a role in the development of NAFLD, with its antagonist reducing lipid accumulation and its agonist promoting lipid deposition.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Osama Khojah, Seraj Makkawi, Saeed Alghamdi
Summary: This study aimed to systematically review reported cases of anti-mGluR1 encephalitis and summarize their clinical presentation, management, outcomes, and case reports. The study found that anti-mGluR1 encephalitis manifests as symptoms of cerebellar pathology, and early diagnosis with prompt initiation of immunotherapy is crucial for patient recovery.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christina A. Gates, Donald S. Backos, Philip Reigan, Nicholas R. Natale
Summary: Isoxazolo[3,4-d] pyridazinones ([3,4-d]s) were found to selectively positively modulate metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) Subtypes 2 and 4, with no cross-reactivity at mGluR1a, mGluR5, or mGluR8. Additional analogs were prepared to increase binding affinity, resulting in successful selective lateral metalation and electrophilic quenching at the C3 position.
Article
Neurosciences
Thomas M. Sanderson, Liam T. Ralph, Mascia Amici, Ai Na Ng, Bong-Kiun Kaang, Min Zhuo, Sang Jeong Kim, John Georgiou, Graham L. Collingridge
Summary: In hippocampal area CA1, mGluR-LTD can be expressed by a decrease in neurotransmitter release probability or a change in postsynaptic AMPA receptor number. The determinant of expression locus is still unknown. Using different concentrations of DHPG, we found that low concentration DHPG induces presynaptic LTD that requires NMDA receptor co-activation, while high concentration DHPG induces postsynaptic LTD that is independent of NMDA receptor activation. Our results reveal an unexpected complexity to mGluR-mediated synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.
FRONTIERS IN SYNAPTIC NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Falko Lange, Julia Hoernschemeyer, Timo Kirschstein
Summary: The progression of glioblastomas and tumor-associated epilepsy is closely linked through various pathophysiological mechanisms involving the neurotransmitter glutamate. Current research focuses on the role of glutamate receptors in these diseases and discusses future interventions to interfere with the glutamatergic network.
Article
Cell Biology
M. Crespo, D. A. Leon-Navarro, M. Martin
Summary: Febrile seizures in children can lead to epilepsy in adults, with glutamate playing a key role in the development of neurological disorders. In the short term after seizures, GLT-1 levels increase and glutamate concentration decreases, while mGlu(5)R levels remain unchanged. However, in the long term, an increase in mGlu(5)R levels and decreases in GLT-1 and glutamate levels are observed, associated with the development of an anxious phenotype and potentially increased vulnerability to epileptic events in adults.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deepa Gautam, Ulhas P. Naik, Meghna U. Naik, Santosh K. Yadav, Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia, Debabrata Dash
Summary: This paper explores the role of platelets in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as the critical role of glutamate receptors in the pathophysiology of these diseases. By reviewing data from clinical trials, animal models, and cellular studies, it reveals the involvement of glutamate receptor dysfunction in neurodegenerative processes and provides an overview of current treatments, including glutamate receptor antagonists, for AD and PD.
Review
Neurosciences
David Ramos-Vicente, Seth G. N. Grant, Alex Bayes
Summary: Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in both vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems. The evolution of glutamate receptors is more complex than anticipated, with recent research proposing a new classification system for ionotropic glutamate receptors. Additionally, the evolution of animal metabotropic glutamate receptors has resulted in the formation of four classes instead of three previously recognized.
Article
Cell Biology
Anu G. Nair, Paola Muttathukunnel, Martin Mueler
Summary: The study demonstrates that different receptor perturbations at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction result in different responses, with some receptor inhibitions not compensated by PHP while others induce compensatory PHP through distinct signaling pathways. This highlights the diversity of homeostatic signaling mechanisms, showing that synapses respond differentially to similar activity impairments and achieve homeostatic compensation via different pathways.
Article
Neurosciences
Bryan A. Copits, Raaj Gowrishankar, Patrick R. O'Neill, Jun-Nan Li, Kasey S. Girven, Judy J. Yoo, Xenia Meshik, Kyle E. Parker, Skylar M. Spangler, Abigail J. Elerding, Bobbie J. Brown, Sofia E. Shirley, Kelly K. L. Ma, Alexis M. Vasquez, M. Christine Stander, Vani Kalyanaraman, Sherri K. Vogt, Vijay K. Samineni, Tommaso Patriarchi, Lin Tian, N. Gautam, Roger K. Sunahara, Robert W. Gereau, Michael R. Bruchas
Summary: This study introduces a GPCR-based opsin called parapinopsin (PPO), which can rapidly and reversibly inhibit the release of glutamate, GABA, and dopamine at presynaptic terminals by coupling with G(i/o) signaling cascades. PPO alters reward behaviors in a time-locked and reversible manner in vivo, filling a significant gap in the neuroscience toolkit for rapid and reversible synaptic inhibition.
Article
Neurosciences
Wilber Romero-Fernandez, Jaume J. Taura, Rene A. J. Crans, Marc Lopez-Cano, Ramon Fores-Pons, Manuel Narvaez, Jens Carlsson, Francisco Ciruela, Kjell Fuxe, Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela
Summary: The study demonstrates the role of A(2A)R in modulating the D2R-mGluR(5) heteromeric component, showing that A(2A)R and mGluR(5) can interact to influence D2R signaling, indicating integrative activity within higher-order heteroreceptor complexes.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Laura Musazzi
Summary: This review focuses on the antidepressant effect of pharmacological modulation of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors, highlighting mGlu2/3 antagonists as the most promising compounds for the development of new antidepressants. Despite accumulating evidence supporting the role of glutamate modulation in rapid antidepressant effects, more mechanistic studies are needed to fully understand the potential of drugs targeting the glutamate synapse in depression.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DISCOVERY
(2021)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Konstantin Butenko, Ruediger Koehling, Ursula van Rienen
Summary: The globus pallidus internus and the subthalamic nucleus are common targets for deep brain stimulation in treating symptoms of Parkinson's disease and dystonia. However, the use of conventional electrodes may lead to undesired stimulation effects in non-targeted brain regions. A relatively simple electrode design can efficiently focalize the stimulating field in the lower located nuclei.
FRONTIERS IN COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Luisa Mueller, Timo Kirschstein, Ruediger Koehling, Angela Kuhla, Stefan Teipel
Summary: Transgenic mouse models provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and its impact on neuronal function, with implications for potential therapeutic interventions and the monitoring of amyloid-related neuronal dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Franz Plocksties, Maria Kober, Christoph Niemann, Jakob Heller, Mareike Fauser, Martin Nuessel, Felix Uster, Denise Franz, Monique Zwar, Anika Luettig, Justin Kroeger, Joerg Harloff, Axel Schulz, Angelika Richter, Ruediger Koehling, Dirk Timmermann, Alexander Storch
Summary: The STELLA system, a low-cost dual-channel DBS implant, was developed for long-term research in small animal models, providing stable electrical stimulation with minimal impact on animal behavior.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Konstantinos Spiliotis, Jens Starke, Denise Franz, Angelika Richter, Rudiger Kohling
Summary: A computational model of the basal ganglia network and thalamus was proposed to study movement disorders and treatment effects of deep brain stimulation. Simulation of Parkinsonian conditions showed that different levels of striatal projections can switch macroscopic quantities dynamics from normal to Parkinsonian conditions. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus affects the network dynamics and increases thalamic activity to levels close to normal.
BIOLOGICAL CYBERNETICS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Falko Lange, Jakob Venus, Daria Shams Esfand Abady, Katrin Porath, Anne Einsle, Tina Sellmann, Valentin Neubert, Gesine Reichart, Michael Linnebacher, Ruediger Koehling, Timo Kirschstein
Summary: In electric fields, glioblastoma cells are capable of galvanotactic migration, and the PI3K/AKT pathway plays a critical role in this process.
Article
Biology
Julia Hoernschemeyer, Timo Kirschstein, Gesine Reichart, Christin Sasse, Jakob Venus, Anne Einsle, Katrin Porath, Michael Linnebacher, Ruediger Koehling, Falko Lange
Summary: Glioblastoma is a common and aggressive primary brain tumor with multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. Small-molecule kinase inhibitors regorafenib and MK-2206, as well as dactolisib, showed effective results in all preclinical tumor models, while trametinib was found to be highly resistant.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Denis Revskij, Jakob Runst, Camilla Umstaetter, Luise Ehlers, Sarah Rohde, Dietmar Zechner, Manuela Bastian, Brigitte Mueller-Hilke, Georg Fuellen, Larissa Henze, Hugo Murua Escobar, Christian Junghanss, Axel Kowald, Uwe Walter, Ruediger Koehling, Olaf Wolkenhauer, Robert Jaster
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between Ucp2 and the microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) using a model of accelerated aging. The results suggest that Ucp2 promotes tumor growth and is associated with the stromal response in the tumor microenvironment.
HEPATOBILIARY & PANCREATIC DISEASES INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Maraike Kuepper, Katrin Porath, Tina Sellmann, Christian G. Bien, Ruediger Kohling, Timo Kirschstein
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Bernd Frerker, Stefan Fiedler, Timo Kirschstein, Falko Lange, Katrin Porath, Tina Sellmann, Leonie Kutzner, Fabian Wilde, Julian Moosmann, Ruediger Koehling, Guido Hildebrandt, Elisabeth Schueltke
Summary: In an ex vivo model of rodent esophageal smooth muscle, high-dose-rate radiotherapy did not affect the function of the contractile apparatus, but a significant increase in peak latency and a decrease in maximal force change were observed in the middle and distal esophageal segments, indicating delayed esophageal function.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Melissa Barker-Haliski, Julika Pitsch, Aristea S. S. Galanopoulou, Rudiger Koehling
Summary: Epilepsy is a heterogeneous disorder with diverse clinical presentation and features, and its animal models stem from various events. Emphasis on rigor and reproducibility in preclinical research highlights the importance of standardized phenotyping strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nadja Engel, Michael Dau, Vivien Engel, Denise Franz, Fabian Klemmstein, Christiane Thanisch, Juergen F. Kolb, Marcus Frank, Armin Springer, Ruediger Koehling, Rainer Bader, Bernhard Frerich, Nadine Wiesmann, Diana Heimes, Peer W. Kaemmerer
Summary: By combining electrical stimulation of a commercial titanium implant with real-time impedance sensing, osteogenesis progress can be monitored and electrical stimulation can be adjusted accordingly for individual fracture healing.
Article
Biology
Falko Lange, Katrin Porath, Tina Sellmann, Anne Einsle, Robert Jaster, Michael Linnebacher, Ruediger Koehling, Timo Kirschstein
Summary: Migration of colorectal cancer cells greatly contributes to the progression of the disease. Direct-current electrical fields, known as galvanotaxis, could be a driving factor for directional migration. In this study, we investigated the migration of colorectal cancer cells in electrical fields and found that three out of five cell lines exhibited preferred cathodal migration. We determined that voltage-gated calcium channels and intracellular signaling pathways such as MEK and AKT played important roles in galvanotaxis.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Meeting Abstract
Physiology
A. Bornemann, D. Franz, N. Engel, M. Heerdegen, F. Santana Kragelund, A. Luettig, S. Perl, F. V. Plocksties, A. Richter, R. Koehling
Article
Cell Biology
Steffen Moeller, Nadine Saul, Alan A. Cohen, Ruediger Koehling, Sina Sender, Hugo Murua Escobar, Christian Junghanss, Francesca Cirulli, Alessandra Berry, Peter Antal, Priit Adler, Jaak Vilo, Michele Boiani, Ludger Jansen, Dirk Repsilber, Hans Joergen Grabe, Stephan Struckmann, Israel Barrantes, Mohamed Hamed, Brecht Wouters, Liliane Schoofs, Walter Luyten, Georg Fuellen
Correction
Neurosciences
Lucia Privitera, Ellen L. Hogg, Matthias Gaestel, Mark J. Wall, Sonia A. L. Correa
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Ya Jiang, Guan-Hao Wang, Jing-Jiao Xu, Xiao-Li Li, Xiao-Yan Lin, Xiang Fang, Hong-Xu Zhang, Mei Feng, Chun-Ming Jiang
Summary: This study reveals the importance of LINC00473 in regulating temozolomide (TMZ) resistance in glioblastoma (GB) and its potential mechanism. By regulating the expression of CEBP alpha and MGMT, LINC00473 promotes the formation of chemoresistance. Furthermore, LINC00473 can transfer chemoresistance to adjacent sensitive cells through exosomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Olga Kopach, Tetyana Pivneva, Nataliya Fedirko, Nana Voitenko
Summary: This study found that diabetic animals exhibit severe xerostomia characterized by reduced saliva flow rate, diminished total protein content, and decreased amylase activity. The impaired saliva production in diabetes is associated with reduced and delayed intracellular Ca2+ signals in submandibular acinar cells, caused by malfunctioning mitochondria. Targeting malfunctioning mitochondria may be a potential strategy for the treatment of diabetic xerostomia.
Article
Neurosciences
Nicholas M. Timme, Cherish E. Ardinger, Seth D. C. Weir, Rachel Zelaya-Escobar, Rachel Kruger, Christopher C. Lapish
Summary: This study aimed to assess aversion-resistant drinking behavior in head-fixed mice and explore the relationship between non-consummatory behaviors and aversion-resistant drinking. The results showed that head-fixed mice exhibited heterogenous levels of aversion-resistant drinking and non-consummatory behaviors were related to the intensity of this behavior.
Article
Neurosciences
David R. Maguire, Charles P. France
Summary: Methocinnamox (MCAM) is a novel, long-acting opioid receptor antagonist that effectively decreases fentanyl self-administration and prevents opioid overdose in monkeys. The study demonstrates the potential therapeutic utility of MCAM in the treatment of opioid use disorder.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiang Li, Dan Feng, Shenglu Ma, Mingxing Li, Shulei Zhao, Man Tang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of fluoxetine on neurochemical, neurobiological, and neurobehavioral changes in different subregions of the hippocampus. The results showed that fluoxetine increased dialysate 5-HT, decreased membrane 5-HTT protein, and increased cytoplasmic fraction. Additionally, fluoxetine reduced immobility times in behavioral tests, with greater effects observed in the ventral subregion compared to the dorsal subregion.
Article
Neurosciences
Alexander V. Zholos, Mariia I. Melnyk, Dariia O. Dryn
Summary: Acetylcholine is an important neurotransmitter in visceral smooth muscles, activating M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors to cause smooth muscle excitation and contraction. This review focuses on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying acetylcholine-induced depolarisation and smooth muscle contraction, as well as the effects of anticholinergic drugs on gastrointestinal motility. The knowledge gained from recent studies has greatly expanded our understanding of these processes.
Article
Neurosciences
Zhenlong Li, Hsien-Yu Peng, Chau-Shoun Lee, Tzer-Bin Lin, Ming-Chun Hsieh, Cheng-Yuan Lai, Han-Fang Wu, Lih-Chyang Chen, Mei-Ci Chen, Dylan Chou
Summary: Methylone shows significant efficacy in treating depression and social deficits, making it an ideal candidate for anti-depressant medication.
Article
Neurosciences
Aline Freyssin, Allison Carles, Sarra Guehairia, Gilles Rubinstenn, Tangui Maurice
Summary: This study explores the potential of combining FENM and S1R agonists in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The results showed that most FENM-based combinations can protect against learning deficits caused by A beta 25-35, with better efficacy in short-term memory.
Article
Neurosciences
J. D. Lorente, J. Cuitavi, L. Rullo, S. Candeletti, P. Romualdi, L. Hipolito
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of pain on negative affect in different sexes and time courses, as well as the involvement of the dynorphinergic and corticotropin releasing factor systems in these pain-related behaviors. The results showed sex and time-dependent anxiety- and anhedonia-like behaviors induced by pain in female rats. The recruitment of KOR/DYN in the NAc was identified as a key neurological substrate mediating pain-induced behavioral alterations.
Article
Neurosciences
Rongjun Liu, Daofan Sun, Xiuzhong Xing, Qingge Chen, Bo Lu, Bo Meng, Hui Yuan, Lan Mo, Liufang Sheng, Jinwei Zheng, Qiusheng Wang, Junping Chen, Xiaowei Chen
Summary: The coexistence of pain and depression is frequently observed in patients with chronic pain and depression. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide, has been reported to relieve chronic pain and depressive symptoms. This study investigated the effect of intranasal oxytocin on neuropathic pain and comorbid depressive symptoms, and found that oxytocin attenuated depression-like behavior but did not alleviate mechanical hyperalgesia. The results suggest that intranasal oxytocin may have the potential to treat depressive symptoms in neuropathic pain patients.
