Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lamberta Ghaly, Vincent Bargnes, Sadiq Rahman, George-Abraam Tawfik, Sergio Bergese, William Caldwell
Summary: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a rare and debilitating chronic pain disorder characterized by persistent pain that is disproportionate to any preceding injury. It can significantly impact a person's quality of life, resulting in disability and psychological distress. Despite being recognized for over a century, finding effective treatment for CRPS remains challenging.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vincent Yaccarino, Max Y. Jin, Alaa Abd-Elsayed, Jacob M. Kraemer, Nalini Sehgal
Summary: This article briefly introduces the evolution, mechanisms, applications, and complications of peripheral nerve stimulation. The latest technology provides new treatment options for chronic neuropathic pain of the upper extremity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tomas Hoikkanen, Mette Nissen, Tiina-Mari Ikaheimo, Henna-Kaisa Jyrkkanen, Jukka Huttunen, Mikael von Und Zu Fraunberg
Summary: A retrospective study on 35 consecutive CRPS patients undergoing SCS treatment found that 70% continued using the SCS device over an 8-year follow-up period, but some patients experienced device explantation or complications, with no significant change in medication use.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Standiford Helm, Nikita Shirsat, Aaron Calodney, Alaa Abd-Elsayed, David Kloth, Amol Soin, Shalini Shah, Andrea Trescot
Summary: PNS shows level II evidence for treating refractory peripheral nerve injury and level III evidence for certain other pain conditions. The risk of adverse events with PNS is generally low compared to spinal cord stimulation. However, there is a lack of literature on certain indications for PNS treatment.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Selina Johnson, Anne Marshall, Dyfrig Hughes, Emily Holmes, Florian Henrich, Turo Nurmikko, Manohar Sharma, Bernhard Frank, Paul Bassett, Andrew Marshall, Walter Magerl, Andreas Goebel
Summary: Two interlinked studies examined the therapeutic LTD for chronic peripheral nerve injury pain, with the clinical trial showing non-significant results and the mechanistic study indicating improvement in mechanical hyperalgesia.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Alice H. Li, Amitabh Gulati, Michael S. Leong, Anuj K. Aggarwal, Vafi Salmasi, David Spinner, Einar Ottestad
Summary: This study surveyed PNS-implanting physicians worldwide to assess the factors they consider when offering permanent PNS treatment. The results showed that mononeuropathic pain was the most common indication for PNS, and the suprascapular nerve was the most frequently targeted nerve. There were variations among physicians in terms of the most frequently targeted nerves.
Article
Immunology
Wei Li, Jie Liang, Shaohua Li, Luoyang Wang, Shuo Xu, Suli Jiang, Meiying Song, Haining Meng, Dongchang Zhai, Lei Tang, Yanyan Yang, Li Zhang, Bei Zhang
Summary: This article summarizes the mechanisms of nerve damage and pain caused by excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lady Christine Ong Sio, Brian Hom, Shuchita Garg, Alaa Abd-Elsayed
Summary: Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has been widely used for treating chronic pain, although its mechanism of action remains largely unknown. The gate control theory proposed by Melzack and Wall in the 1960s has been the mainstay for understanding its mechanism. This review article discusses the mechanism of action, safety, and effectiveness of PNS in treating chronic pain, as well as current PNS devices available in the market.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mark A. Chmiela, Mark Hendrickson, Jason Hale, Chen Liang, Phillip Telefus, Afrin Sagir, Michael Stanton-Hicks
Summary: The study demonstrates that implantable PNS systems are effective in treating CRPS patients, improving function and reducing long-term pain. While a portion of patients require surgical revisions or implantation of a second PNS system, the majority are able to continue using the PNS system within the institution.
Article
Immunology
Chia-En Wong, Chia-Ying Hu, Po-Hsuan Lee, Chi-Chen Huang, Han-Wei Huang, Chih-Yuan Huang, Hsin-Tien Lo, Wentai Liu, Jung-Shun Lee
Summary: This study investigated the therapeutic effect of sciatic nerve stimulation (SNS) on acute neuropathic pain (NP) and its underlying mechanism. The results showed that both 2 Hz and 20 Hz SNS could alleviate pain behavior and hyperactivation of pain conducting pathways, reduce neuroinflammation and inflammatory protein expression, suppress astrocytic gliosis and microglia activation, and enhance the activity of the descending pain modulation pathway.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Joseph Buwembo, Russell Munson, Syed Ali Rizvi, Aadam Ijaz, Shivani Gupta
Summary: The study demonstrates that DISNES is effective in controlling disabling foot pain in CRPS I, improving quality of life, ambulation, and reducing disability. It also alleviates autonomic features and dystonia in CRPS I. Further research is needed to determine long-term efficacy due to limited sample size and follow-up duration.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Robert M. Chow, Ryan Yesung Lee, Kanishka Rajput
Summary: Recent increase in the usage of peripheral nerve stimulation for various chronic pain conditions, especially neuropathic etiology, has led to conflicting evidence about its efficacy and long-term outcomes. This article reviews the available evidence for peripheral nerve stimulation in chronic pain syndromes and upcoming evidence in the immediate postoperative period.
CURRENT PAIN AND HEADACHE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Junchi Li, Yongjie Li, Wei Shu
Summary: This study presents a case report of a 57-year-old male patient who developed post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathic pain (PTNP) and secondary hemifacial dystonia after orbital trauma. Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) was performed to relieve the patient's neuropathic pain and dystonia, with successful results. The findings highlight the potential benefits of PNS in treating PTNP and dystonia and discuss the underlying therapeutic mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Daniel S. Harvie, Tasha R. Stanton, Hannah Kennedy, Michel W. Coppieters
Summary: This case report examines visually evoked pain in a patient with complex regional pain syndrome type II, using virtual reality (VR) and graded exposure. The study found that VR exposure resulted in a significant reduction in visually evoked pain, but transfer of these improvements to the real world was limited. Further research is needed to understand how improvements gained in VR can be better applied to real-world situations.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Giuliano De Carolis, Mery Paroli, Alessandro Dario, Emil Isagulyan, Elizaveta Makashova
Summary: The aim of this case series was to assess the safety and effectiveness of peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) of the brachial plexus performed using a low invasive percutaneous approach with ultrasound guide. Results from an observational study showed that PNS systems of the brachial plexus implanted with percutaneous approach appear to be safe and effective in a follow-up period of 18 months.