Article
Neurosciences
Julien Vezoli, Loic Magrou, Rainer Goebel, Xiao-Jing Wang, Kenneth Knoblauch, Martin Vinck, Henry Kennedy
Summary: The article discusses the hierarchical organization and function of the cortex, highlighting a principle of hierarchical distance within the cortex. It also explores the anatomical structure, functional hierarchy, and frequency-dependent Granger causality of inter-areal connectivity. Through statistical modeling and dynamical models, it reveals the complex structure and signal transmission mechanism of the cortex.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Sontheimer, Benedicte Pontier, Beatrice Claise, Carine Chassain, Jerome Coste, Jean-Jacques Lemaire
Summary: Chronic disorders of consciousness, including unresponsive wakefulness syndrome and minimally conscious state, lack clear definition of their anatomo-functional correlates. A study using resting-state functional MRI revealed disrupted functional connectivity between subcortical structures and cortical networks in chronic DOC patients, with implications for the mesocircuit model and potential therapeutic implications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Domenica Veniero, Joachim Gross, Stephanie Morand, Felix Duecker, Alexander T. Sack, Gregor Thut
Summary: The activation of the Frontal Eye Fields can shape visual cortex activity and perception through mechanisms of oscillatory realignment at the beta frequency.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Megan E. Cosgrove, Jordan R. Saadon, Charles B. Mikell, Patricia L. Stefancin, Leor Alkadaa, Zhe Wang, Sabir Saluja, John Servider, Bayan Razzaq, Chuan Huang, Sima Mofakham
Summary: The integrity of thalamic projections to prefrontal cortex subregions was significantly associated with the return of goal-directed behavior following traumatic brain injury. A linear regression model based on thalamo-prefrontal connections showed 72% accuracy in predicting command-following, supporting the role of thalamo-prefrontal connectivity in recovery after TBI.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Rajanikant Panda, Ane Lopez-Gonzalez, Matthieu Gilson, Olivia Gosseries, Aurore Thibaut, Gianluca Frasso, Benedetta Cecconi, Anira Escrichs, Gustavo Deco, Steven Laureys, Gorka Zamora-Lopez, Jitka Annen
Summary: The study of brain's dynamic activity is helping in the clinical assessment of patients with consciousness disorders. The reduced neural propagation and responsiveness to events in patients with disorders of consciousness is related to severe reduction in glucose metabolism. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms behind consciousness disorders, combining network function with measures of brain integrity and behavior.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Yuan Du, Hongyi Wang, Yang Yang, Jianfeng Zhang, Yue Huang, Shunwu Fan, Chenhui Gu, Liqing Shangguan, Xianfeng Lin
Summary: This article reviews the preparation of EV mimetics (EVMs) as alternatives to EVs using a top-down approach. EVMs possess similar structure and composition to EVs, and exhibit good targeting ability and cellular uptake mechanism. However, EVMs also have certain limitations and immunogenicity issues. Despite these drawbacks, EVMs show great potential for clinical applications.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Katarzyna Kujawa, Grzegorz Zurek, Agnieszka Kwiatkowska, Roman Olejniczak, Alina Zurek
Summary: This study aimed to describe the percentage of tasks completed by patients diagnosed with disorders of consciousness involving language functions during neurorehabilitation using an alternative communication tool. The patients, observed over different periods of time, were able to complete tasks with an average rate of 70.45% despite their unresponsive wakefulness syndrome. The changes in language functions during the research were not entirely clear, highlighting the importance of patients' completion of tasks.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Hang Wu, Qiuyou Xie, Jiahui Pan, Qimei Liang, Yue Lan, Yequn Guo, Junrong Han, Musi Xie, Yueyao Liu, Liubei Jiang, Xuehai Wu, Yuanqing Li, Pengmin Qin
Summary: Using task-dependent neuroimaging techniques, recent studies have found patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) who show signs of awareness but cannot perform specific tasks accurately due to cognitive impairments, leading to false-negative findings. This study investigates the use of temporal stability as a tool to detect cognitive functions and identify cognitive motor dissociation (CMD) in DOC patients. The results show that temporal stability is impaired in DOC patients and that a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model based on temporal stability can accurately distinguish DOC patients from controls and identify CMD.
Article
Psychiatry
Ismail Bouziane, Moumita Das, Karl J. Friston, Cesar Caballero-Gaudes, Dipanjan Ray
Summary: This study focuses on the somatic aspects of anxiety and explores the effective connectivity among different brain regions using functional MRI data and dynamic causal modeling. It finds that in people with high somatic arousal, top-down connectivity is enhanced in three networks, which is consistent with the psychology of anxiety. The changes in connectivity are reliable enough to predict the severity of somatic anxiety in new participants. Interestingly, the increase in connectivity is not associated with fear affect scores, indicating a relative dissociation between somatic and cognitive dimensions of anxiety.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Pieter Verbeke, Tom Verguts
Summary: Research has found that finding the optimal balance between shared and separated neural representations is a crucial challenge. The multiplicative adaptive modulation network outperformed others in terms of task accuracy and developed hidden units that optimally share representations between tasks.
Article
Neurosciences
Adam Pines, Arielle S. Keller, Bart Larsen, Maxwell Bertolero, Arian Ashourvan, Dani S. Bassett, Matthew Cieslak, Sydney Covitz, Yong Fan, Eric Feczko, Audrey Houghton, Amanda R. Rueter, Manish Saggar, Golia Shafiei, Tinashe M. Tapera, Jacob Vogel, Sarah M. Weinstein, Russell T. Shinohara, Leanne M. Williams, Damien A. Fair, Theodore D. Satterthwaite
Summary: This study tracks cortical activity propagations using advanced neuroimaging and computer vision techniques in a large sample of youth (n = 388), showing that top-down cortical propagations become more prevalent with greater demands for cognitive control as well as with development in youth.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jinwei Xing, Elizabeth R. Chrastil, Douglas A. Nitz, Jeffrey L. Krichmar
Summary: Humans and animals have the ability to translate their position from one spatial frame of reference to another, and seamlessly switch between top-down and first-person views. The medial temporal lobe and other cortical regions are found to contribute to this function. By using variational autoencoders to reconstruct views, researchers gain insights into how the neural system carries out these computations.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Piergiuseppe Liuzzi, Bahia Hakiki, Maenia Scarpino, Rachele Burali, Antonio Maiorelli, Francesca Draghi, Anna Maria Romoli, Antonello Grippo, Francesca Cecchi, Andrea Mannini
Summary: Detecting residual signs of consciousness is crucial for personalized neurorehabilitation treatments. This study proposes an innovative approach by assessing the amount of autonomic information within the brain and found that EEG-ECG mutual information is higher in patients with Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome and Minimally Consciousness State minus (MCS -). The measure of residual consciousness signs is robust and can provide complementary insights for the objective assessment of patients' consciousness levels.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Olga R. Dobrushina, Galina A. Arina, Larisa A. Dobrynina, Evgenia S. Novikova, Mariia Gubanova, Anastasia Belopasova, Viktoriia P. Vorobeva, Anastasia D. Suslina, Ekaterina Pechenkova, Olga S. Perepelkina, Elena Kremneva, Marina Krotenkova
Summary: This study aimed to reveal the neural networks responsible for bottom-up and top-down processing of interoceptive information using the rubber hand illusion and a heartbeat detection task. The results showed a thalamus-dependent network associated with bottom-up processing and an amygdala-dependent network associated with top-down processing in cardioception. The interaction between current sensory experience and internal models was found to underlie the integration of interoceptive information.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Li Chen, Patrick Bedard, Mark Hallett, Silvina G. Horovitz
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients and high-level task-control deficits, as well as the effects of levodopa on network dynamics. Levodopa intake improves dwell time in PD patients and is related to changes in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. PD patients have fewer occurrences in State II and decreased connectivity between sensorimotor and control networks.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Evan S. Lutkenhoff, Anna Nigri, Davide Rossi Sebastiano, Davide Sattin, Elisa Visani, Cristina Rosazza, Ludovico D'Incerti, Maria Grazia Bruzzone, Silvana Franceschetti, Matilde Leonardi, Stefania Ferraro, Martin M. Monti
Summary: This study explores the association between long-term impairment of consciousness, spontaneous brain oscillations, and underlying subcortical damage in patients with a disorder of consciousness. The findings suggest that electroencephalographic measures can provide valuable information for diagnosing and understanding the underlying brain pathology of this patient cohort.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Andrea Luppi, Joshua Cain, Lennart R. B. Spindler, Urszula J. Gorska, Daniel Toker, Andrew E. Hudson, Emery N. Brown, Michael N. Diringer, Robert D. Stevens, Marcello Massimini, Martin M. Monti, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis, Melanie Boly
Summary: To address the knowledge gaps in disorders of consciousness research, it is important to differentiate between the neural mechanisms of consciousness and those underlying connectedness to the environment and behavioral responsiveness, as well as to address the lack of mechanistic integration between structural brain damage and abnormal brain function, the lack of translational bridges between micro- and macro-scale neural phenomena, and the incomplete exploration of possible synergies between data-driven and theory-driven approaches.
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Joel Frohlich, Julia S. Crone, Micah A. Johnson, Evan S. Lutkenhoff, Norman M. Spivak, John Dell'Italia, Joerg F. Hipp, Vikesh Shrestha, Jesus E. Ruiz Tejeda, Courtney Real, Paul M. Vespa, Martin M. Monti
Summary: This study confirms the validity of the ABCD model in predicting behavioral recovery in patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury. It outperforms data-driven clustering methods and may be equally effective as a more simplified categorization. Additionally, a correlation between EEG findings and functional magnetic resonance imaging provides further evidence for investigation in larger studies.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martin Max Monti, Caroline Schnakers
Summary: For the first time, the American Academy of Neurology and the European Academy of Neurology have recognized the value of advanced neuroimaging and electrophysiology techniques (AIEs) in diagnosing patients with a disorder of consciousness (DOC). However, due to the limited availability of these techniques outside advanced medical centers, it is important to provide physicians with a framework for deciding when AIEs are suitable. This article proposes an algorithmic flowchart based on the new guidelines to determine the appropriateness of AIEs for individual patients with DOC and ensure evidence-based best practices are followed.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Toker, Ioannis Pappas, Janna D. Lendner, Joel Frohlich, Diego M. Mateos, Suresh Muthukumaraswamy, Robin Carhart-Harris, Michelle Paff, Paul M. Vespa, Martin M. Monti, Friedrich T. Sommer, Robert T. Knight, Mark D'Esposito
Summary: This study identifies a critical point near which waking cortical oscillatory dynamics operate, known as the edge-of-chaos critical point, and discusses the impact of this critical point on consciousness and its potential clinical applications.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Norman M. Spivak, Joseph L. Sanguinetti, Martin M. Monti
Summary: This article summarizes the use of focused ultrasound in neuromodulation and discusses different approaches for targeting, delivering, and validating focused ultrasound. It focuses on the parameter space and ongoing theories of ultrasonic neuromodulation. Furthermore, it explores the current and future applications of this technique.
Review
Neurosciences
John Dell'Italia, Joseph L. Sanguinetti, Martin M. Monti, Alexander Bystritsky, Nicco Reggente
Summary: Low intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) has been recognized as a non-invasive neuromodulation technology with superior spatial specificity. This review introduces the underlying mechanics of acoustic energy and neuronal membranes, as well as categorizes empirical studies to evaluate theoretical mechanisms supporting LIFU's effects.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Correction
Critical Care Medicine
Andrea I. Luppi, Joshua Cain, Lennart R. B. Spindler, Urszula J. Gorska, Daniel Toker, Andrew E. Hudson, Emery N. Brown, Michael N. Diringer, Robert D. Stevens, Marcello Massimini, Martin M. Monti, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis, Melanie Boly
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Josh A. Cain, Norman M. Spivak, John P. Coetzee, Julia S. Crone, Micah A. Johnson, Evan S. Lutkenhoff, Courtney Real, Manuel Buitrago-Blanco, Paul M. Vespa, Caroline Schnakers, Martin M. Monti
Summary: The use of low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) neuromodulation to stimulate the thalamus can improve behavioral responsiveness in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOCs). Functional MRI showed decreased BOLD signals in the frontal cortex and basal ganglia during thalamic LIFU. The altered connectivity of the sonicated thalamus was related to the degree of recovery observed after LIFU.
Article
Biology
Andrea I. Luppi, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Judith Allanson, John D. Pickard, Guy B. Williams, Michael M. Craig, Paola Finoia, Alexander R. D. Peattie, Peter Coppola, Adrian M. Owen, Lorina Naci, David K. Menon, Daniel Bor, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis
Summary: Perturbations in a large-scale whole-brain model reveal that anesthesia and injury can have similar effects on brain dynamics. A computational model incorporating PET and diffusion MRI data shows that spatially-specific local inhibition and connectome perturbation play key roles in reproducing the brain activity observed during anesthesia and disorders of consciousness. These findings suggest common neurobiological mechanisms underlying these conditions.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Marina Weiler, Raphael F. Casseb, Brunno M. de Campos, Julia S. Crone, Evan S. Lutkenhoff, Paul M. Vespa, Martin M. Monti
Summary: This study evaluated the ability of different preprocessing strategies to mitigate noise-related signal in functional connectivity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. The pipelines combining spike regression with physiological regressors were found to be the most effective. It was also observed that excluding high-motion participants reduced the importance of the choice of denoising pipeline but resulted in substantial data loss.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin M. Monti, Norman M. Spivak, Brian L. Edlow, Yelena G. Bodien
Summary: In the past 30 years, there has been an increasing trend in clinical trials to assess novel interventions not only based on statistical significance, but also on clinically meaningful changes for patients. However, in the context of Disorders of Consciousness (DOC), there is currently no consensus on what constitutes a minimal clinically important difference (MCID). To address this issue, researchers have developed a probability-based approach using published diagnostic guidelines to establish a MCID and applied it to the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R), the most validated and frequently used scale in DOC.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Martin M. Monti, Rachel Beekman, Norman M. Spivak, Aurore Thibaut, Caroline Schnakers, John Whyte, Erika Molteni
Summary: This study reports the development of a case report form (CRF) by the Therapeutic Interventions Working Group, which aims to systematize the assessment of novel interventions intended to increase consciousness or rate of recovery in patients with disorders of consciousness.
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
Emily Dennis, Alexander Olsen, Maheen Adamson, Houshang Amiri, Erin Bigler, Karen Caeyenberghs, Kristen Dams-O'Connor, Evelyn Deutscher, Ekaterina Dobryakova, Helen Genova, Jordan Grafman, Asta Haberg, Cooper Hodges, Andrei Irimia, Neda Jahanshad, Ruchira Jha, Hannah Lindsey, Abdalla Mohamed, Martin Monti, Mary Newsome, Gershon Spitz, Paul Thompson, David Tate, Elisabeth Wilde, Frank Hillary
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Jasmine A. T. DiCesare, Mahsa Malekmohammadi, Daniel Toker, Hiro Sparks, Andrew Hudson, Martin Monti, Nader Pouratian