Journal
NEUROLOGY
Volume 78, Issue 18, Pages 1401-1407Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182544728
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Funding
- Swedish Society of Medicine
- Swedish Research Council-Medicine [522-2A09-195]
- Sven Jerring Foundation
- Orebro Society of Medicine
- Karolinska Institutet, Orebro University Hospital
- Clas Groschinsky Foundation
- Juhlin Foundation
- Majblomman Foundation, Uppsala-Orebro Regional Research Council
- Swedish Celiac Society
- Stockholm County Council
- Eisai
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Johnson & Johnson/Janssen-Cilag Novartis
- Sanofi-Aventis
- Pfizer
- UCB
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Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is associated with several neurologic disorders but it is unclear whether CD is associated with epilepsy. We therefore investigated whether biopsy-verified CD is associated with epilepsy. Methods: Cohort study. Using biopsy report data from all Swedish pathology departments (n = 28), we identified individuals with CD who were diagnosed from 1969 to 2008 (Marsh 3: villous atrophy). Through Cox regression, we calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for epilepsy (defined as a diagnosis of epilepsy in the Swedish National Patient Register) in 28,885 individuals with CD and 143,166 controls matched for age, sex, calendar period, and county. Results: Individuals with CD were at an increased risk of future epilepsy (HR = 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.24-1.62) (272 individuals with CD had a diagnosis of epilepsy vs an expected 192). The absolute risk of future epilepsy in patients with CD was 92/100,000 person-years (excess risk = 27/100,000 person-years). This risk increase was seen in all ages, including children with CD. The HR for having at least 2 interactions with health care due to epilepsy was 1.41 (95% CI = 1.19-1.66). When we restricted epilepsy to those with both a diagnosis of epilepsy and an independent record of antiepileptic drug prescriptions, CD was associated with a 1.43-fold increased risk of epilepsy (95% CI = 1.10-1.86). Conclusion: Individuals with CD seem to be at a moderately increased risk of epilepsy. Neurology (R) 2012;78:1401-1407
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