Article
Clinical Neurology
Jun Zhang, Dan Wu, Haoran Yang, Hongjuan Lu, Yichen Ji, Huixin Liu, Zhenxiang Zang, Jie Lu, Wei Sun
Summary: This study found structural brain abnormalities in multiple regions in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) patients, which were associated with cognitive impairments, and had specific negative correlations with disease duration and abnormal discharges.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Magnus Spangsberg Boesen, Malene Landbo Borresen, Soren Kirchhoff Christensen, Amalie Wandel Klein-Petersen, Sahla El Mahdaoui, Malini Vendela Sagar, Emilie Schou, Anna Korsgaard Eltvedt, Maria Jose Miranda, Alfred Peter Born, Peter Vilhelm Uldall, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Melita Cacic Hribljan
Summary: The study found that juvenile absence epilepsy and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy had slightly poorer school performance compared to the control group, with absence epilepsy having an increased risk for special education needs. Both types of epilepsy patients had higher use of sleep medication.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Panayiotis Patrikelis, Anna-Rita Giovagnoli, Lambros Messinis, Theodoros Fasilis, Sonia Malefaki, Anastasia Verentzioti, Maria Stefanatou, Athanasia Alexoudi, Stefanos Korfias, Dimos D. Mitsikostas, Vasileios Kimiskidis, Stylianos Gatzonis
Summary: This study compares the neuropsychological function between juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) and investigates the different cognitive-pathophysiological mechanisms that contribute to frontal dysfunction in each condition. The results show that patients with FLE exhibit worse neuropsychological performance overall compared to JME and normal controls. It is suggested that impairments in visual and auditory speed of information processing, vigilance, and response inhibition may be prominent features in JME, while dysfunction in FLE is determined by the functional deficit zone.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Anatolie Vataman, Dumitru Ciolac, Vitalie Chiosa, Daniela Aftene, Pavel Leahu, Yaroslav Winter, Stanislav A. Groppa, Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla, Muthuraman Muthuraman, Sergiu Groppa
Summary: In this study, the temporal and spatial organization of functional networks and their dynamic properties in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) patients were characterized using high-density EEG (hdEEG) recordings and MRI data. It was found that the flexibility and controllability of network modules exhibit antagonistic dynamics during SWD generation in JME. The flexibility and controllability of the fronto-temporal module were found to be related to seizure frequency and cognitive performance in JME patients. These findings have implications for the diagnosis and treatment of JME.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Dong Ah Lee, Junghae Ko, Ho-Joon Lee, Hyung Chan Kim, Bong Soo Park, Sihyung Park, Il Hwan Kim, Jin Han Park, Yoo Jin Lee, Kang Min Park
Summary: The study found no significant volume differences in the nuclei of the amygdala and hippocampal subfields between patients with JME and healthy controls. However, there were significant differences in the global network, with decreased mean clustering coefficient in JME patients. Specific regions in the hippocampal subfields also showed increased betweenness centrality in patients with JME compared to healthy controls.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Siew-Na Lim, Tony Wu, Wei-En Johnny Tseng, Chun-Wei Chang, Hsiang-Yao Hsieh, Mei-Yun Cheng, Hsing- Chiang, Chih-Hong Lee, Wey-Ran Lin, Chun-Jing Liu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and social features of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and determine the factors associated with outcomes. The findings showed that despite optimal treatment with antiseizure medications, a considerable proportion of JME patients did not achieve seizure freedom. The presence of epileptiform discharges and seizures during sleep were significantly associated with worse seizure outcomes, and seizure-free patients had a higher employment rate compared to those with ongoing seizures.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Maria Luisa Maia Nobre Paiva, Antonio Serafim, Silvia Vincentiis, Ruda Alessi, Rachel Marin, Marcio Braga Melo, Kette D. Valente
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the short-term impact of rehabilitation developed for the most common cognitive deficits in patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME). By implementing a series of individual sessions focusing on planning/organization, attention, and impulsivity, the study found that cognitive rehabilitation can significantly improve attention and executive function in JME patients.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lorenzo Caciagli, Corey Ratcliffe, Fenglai Xiao, Louis A. A. van Graan, Karin Trimmel, Christian Vollmar, Maria Centeno, John S. S. Duncan, Pamela J. J. Thompson, Sallie Baxendale, Matthias J. J. Koepp, Britta Wandschneider
Summary: The objective of this study was to characterize the cognitive profile of juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE), identify familial cognitive traits, determine the clinical significance of JAE-associated cognitive traits, compare JAE with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) to identify shared or syndrome-specific cognitive traits, and identify relationships between cognitive abilities and clinical characteristics.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Laura Canafoglia, Ilaria Vigano, Edoardo Ferlazzo, Elisa Visani, Tiziana Granata, Aglaia Vignoli, Francesca Ragona, Sara Gasparini, Umberto Aguglia, Maria Paola Canevini, Giulia Varotto, Ferruccio Panzica, Silvana Franceschetti
Summary: The study compared EEG signals of drug-naive patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) and found different network dysfunctions, potentially leading to distinct presentations of the two syndromes. JME showed regional network changes in alpha and beta bands, while JAE exhibited reduced Global/Local Efficiency and Clustering Coefficient in the gamma band.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ali A. Asadi-Pooya, Mahtab Rostamihosseinkhani, Mohsen Farazdaghi
Summary: This study investigated the seizure and social outcomes of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and found that JME at tertiary referral centers is not as benign as previously suggested. The employment status of JME patients is significantly worse compared to the general population. However, most JME patients have marital status and educational levels comparable to the general public.
SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paola Sanchez-Zapata, Jose F. Zapata-Berruecos, Ronald G. Pelaez-Sanchez
Summary: The aim of this research is to identify the changes in brain structures in patients with drug-resistant JME, which may go undetected using conventional MRI techniques. The study findings indicate significant differences in cortical thickness in certain regions, predominantly in the left hemisphere.
REVISTA DE NEUROLOGIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marinho A. Lopes, Dominik Krzeminski, Khalid Hamandi, Krish D. Singh, Naoki Masuda, John R. Terry, Jiaxiang Zhang
Summary: The study investigated the applicability of the BNI framework to resting-state MEG in patients with JME, finding that patients with JME had a higher propensity to generate seizures compared to healthy controls. The BNI framework was effective in differentiating between epilepsy patients and healthy controls.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kyung Min Kim, Heewon Hwang, Beomseok Sohn, Kisung Park, Kyunghwa Han, Sung Soo Ahn, Wonwoo Lee, Min Kyung Chu, Kyoung Heo, Seung-Koo Lee
Summary: This study developed and validated radiomic prediction models using MRI of the brain to distinguish patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) from healthy controls (HCs). The models performed well in differentiating JME from HCs, with the light gradient boosting machine achieving the highest area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC). The putamen and ventral diencephalon were identified as important features for suggesting JME.
KOREAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Laiyang Ma, Guangyao Liu, Pengfei Zhang, Jun Wang, Wenjing Huang, Yanli Jiang, Yu Zheng, Na Han, Zhe Zhang, Jing Zhang
Summary: This study found significant differences in connectivity between the cerebrum and cerebellum in JME patients compared to healthy controls, with disruptions primarily in the direction of EC from the cerebellum to the cerebrum. The negative correlation between EC and disease severity may provide insights into the underlying neural circuit mechanisms in JME.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yongsik Sim, Seung-Koo Lee, Min Kyung Chu, Won-Joo Kim, Kyoung Heo, Kyung Min Kim, Beomseok Sohn
Summary: This study developed and validated an MRI-based radiomics model for accurate diagnosis of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone (GTCA), as well as classification of prognostic groups. The key radiomics features of the brain regions associated with these two conditions were identified, and the performance of the best radiomics models was evaluated. The proposed model showed potential for diagnosing JME and GTCA, and classifying prognostic groups.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sunniva Fenn-Moltu, Sean P. Fitzgibbon, Judit Ciarrusta, Michael Eyre, Lucilio Cordero-Grande, Andrew Chew, Shona Falconer, Oliver Gale-Grant, Nicholas Harper, Ralica Dimitrova, Katy Vecchiato, Daphna Fenchel, Ayesha Javed, Megan Earl, Anthony N. Price, Emer Hughes, Eugene P. Duff, Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh, Chiara Nosarti, Tomoki Arichi, Daniel Rueckert, Serena Counsell, Joseph Hajnal, A. David Edwards, Grainne McAlonan, Dafnis Batalle
Summary: The formation of the functional connectome in early life is crucial for future learning and behavior. However, our understanding of how the functional organization of brain regions matures during the early postnatal period, especially in response to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes like preterm birth, is limited. In this study involving 366 neonates, we found that functional centrality (weighted degree) increased with age in visual regions and decreased in motor and auditory regions in term-born infants. Preterm-born infants scanned at term equivalent age showed higher functional centrality in visual regions and lower measures in motor regions. Functional centrality did not predict neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months old.
Article
Psychology, Biological
V. Kumari, E. Antonova, S. Mahmood, M. Shukla, A. Saifullah, R. Pandey
Summary: There is increasing evidence that mindfulness training/practices have beneficial effects on sensory and cognitive processing, emotion regulation, and mental health. This study examined the associations between dispositional mindfulness, alexithymia, and sensory processing. The results showed a negative association between dispositional mindfulness and alexithymia, and a stronger startle habituation in individuals with higher dispositional mindfulness. These findings suggest a similar startle habituation pattern in individuals with high dispositional mindfulness as in those with moderate mindfulness meditation practice intensity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Stella Guldner, Anna S. Sarvasmaa, Herve Lemaitre, Jessica Massicotte, Helene Vulser, Ruben Miranda, Pauline Bezivin-Frere, Irina Filippi, Jani Penttila, Tobias Banaschewski, Gareth J. Barker, Arun L. W. Bokde, Uli Bromberg, Christian Buechel, Patricia J. Conrod, Sylvane Desrivieres, Herta Flor, Vincent Frouin, Juergen Gallinat, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos-Orfanos, Michael N. Smolka, Gunter Schumann, Eric Artiges, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Jean-Luc Martinot
Summary: Sleep is crucial for neural maturation and emotion regulation in adolescents, and can have long-term effects on white matter development and affective processing in at-risk individuals. This study examined the relationship between sleep patterns and internalizing problems in adolescents aged 14-19 years. The results showed that increased weekend sleep duration and variability in sleep duration between weekdays and weekends were associated with improved white matter development and decreased internalizing problems. These findings suggest that catch-up sleep on weekends may serve as a protective strategy against the negative effects of insufficient sleep.
DEVELOPMENTAL COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Davide Giampiccolo, Lawrence P. Binding, Lorenzo Caciagli, Roman Rodionov, Chris Foulon, Jane de Tisi, Alejandro Granados, Roisin Finn, Debayan Dasgupta, Fenglai Xiao, Beate Diehl, Emma Torzillo, Jan Van Dijk, Peter N. Taylor, Matthias Koepp, Andrew W. McEvoy, Sallie Baxendale, Fahmida Chowdhury, John S. Duncan, Anna Miserocchi
Summary: Around 50% of patients experience seizure freedom after frontal lobe surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy, but only about 30% maintain long-term seizure freedom. Early seizure recurrence may result from incomplete removal of the epileptogenic lesion, while delayed recurrence can still happen after complete excision. This suggests the presence of a common epileptogenic network that facilitates seizures in both nearby and distant dormant epileptic foci. Our study indicates that dysfunction within the thalamic and striatal networks may contribute to epileptogenesis, and disconnection of cortico-thalamostriatal pathways may underpin long-term seizure freedom.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Davide Giampiccolo, John S. Duncan
Article
Neurosciences
Abi Fukami-Gartner, Ana A. Baburamani, Ralica Dimitrova, Prachi A. Patkee, Olatz Ojinaga-Alfageme, Alexandra F. Bonthrone, Daniel Cromb, Alena U. Uus, Serena J. Counsell, Joseph Hajnal, Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh, Mary A. Rutherford
Summary: Down syndrome (DS) is a common genetic cause of intellectual disability. In this study, researchers analyzed the brain volumes of neonates with DS using neuroimaging techniques. They found that the DS brain showed significant reductions in overall volume, cerebral white matter, and cerebellar volumes, as well as differences in relative lobar volumes. Furthermore, certain features such as enlarged deep gray matter volume and lateral ventricle enlargement were observed. Assessing phenotypic severity at the neonatal stage may help guide early interventions and improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with DS.
Article
Neurosciences
Changbo Zhu, Yaqing Chen, Hans-Georg Muller, Jane-Ling Wang, Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh, Muriel Bruchhage, Sean Deoni
Summary: The study found that brain development in early childhood can be reflected in the changes in proportional cerebrospinal fluid volumes, grey matter, and white matter. By using a statistical methodology called RPACE, which addresses challenges in analyzing longitudinal neuroimaging data, the researchers discovered significant differences in tissue composition changes between children of mothers with higher and lower maternal education levels.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Satyam Chauhan, Ray Norbury, Kaja Christina Fassbender, Ulrich Ettinger, Veena Kumari
Summary: Chronotype refers to the expression or representation of various mechanisms of circadian rhythms, such as body temperature, cortisol secretion, cognitive functions, eating and sleeping patterns. It is influenced by internal (e.g., genetics) and external factors (e.g., light exposure), and has implications for health and well-being. Existing models of chronotype have primarily focused on the sleep dimension and have not considered the social and environmental influences. We propose a multidimensional model that integrates individual, environmental, and social factors to determine an individual's true chronotype with potential feedback loops. This model has relevance in both basic science and understanding the health and clinical implications of different chronotypes, as well as designing preventive and therapeutic approaches for related illnesses.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yidong Zhou, Hans-Georg Mueller, Changbo Zhu, Yaqing Chen, Jane-Ling Wang, Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh, Muriel Bruchhage, Sean Deoni
Summary: The maturation of regional brain volumes from birth to preadolescence is crucial for brain structural connectivity and function. Our study aims to explore how evolving connections among brain regions, as reflected at the network level, are related to maternal education, biological sex of the child, and cognitive development. We found that sustained coordinated volume growth across brain regions is associated with lower maternal education and lower cognitive development, suggesting that higher neurocognitive performance in children is linked to increased variability of regional growth patterns as they age.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Eesha Sharma, G. S. Ravi, Keshav Kumar, Kandavel Thennarasu, Jon Heron, Matthew Hickman, Nilakshi Vaidya, Bharath Holla, Madhavi Rangaswamy, Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta, Murali Krishna, Amit Chakrabarti, Debashish Basu, Subodh Bhagyalakshmi Nanjayya, Rajkumar Lenin Singh, Roshan Lourembam, Kalyanaraman Kumaran, Rebecca Kuriyan, Sunita Simon Kurpad, Kamakshi Kartik, Kartik Kalyanram, Sylvane Desrivieres, Gareth Barker, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Mireille Toledano, Meera Purushottam, Rose Dawn Bharath, Pratima Murthy, Sanjeev Jain, Gunter Schumann, Vivek Benegal
Summary: This study is based on the cVEDA study, which assessed cognitive abilities in over 8000 individuals aged 6-23 years in India. The findings suggest that both executive and social cognitive abilities continue to develop into adulthood. Developmental trajectories showed maturation and stabilization in increasing order of complexity, from working memory to inhibitory control to cognitive flexibility. Wealth index had the largest influence on developmental change, while sex differences were prominent in certain cognitive abilities and childhood adversity had a negative influence.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nilakshi Vaidya, Bharath Holla, Jon Heron, Eesha Sharma, Yuning Zhang, Gwen Fernandes, Udita Iyengar, Alex Spiers, Anupa Yadav, Surajit Das, Sanjit Roy, Chirag K. Ahuja, Gareth J. Barker, Debasish Basu, Rose Dawn Bharath, Matthew Hickman, Sanjeev Jain, Kartik Kalyanram, Kamakshi Kartik, Murali Krishna, Ghattu Krishnaveni, Kalyanaraman Kumaran, Rebecca Kuriyan, Pratima Murthy, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Meera Purushottam, Sunita Simon Kurpad, Lenin Singh, Roshan Singh, B. N. Subodh, Mireille Toledano, Henrik Walter, Sylvane Desrivieres, Amit Chakrabarti, Vivek Benegal, Gunter Schumann
Summary: This cohort study shows that low-level arsenic exposure is associated with impairments in executive function and has characterized the underlying brain mechanisms. These impairments are exacerbated by risk factors such as poor nutrition and poverty. The study calls for reexamination of safe levels of arsenic exposure and suggests improvements in nutrition and socioeconomic conditions as potential ways to mitigate the harmful consequences.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fenglai Xiao, Lorenzo Caciagli, Britta Wandschneider, Daichi Sone, Alexandra L. Young, Sjoerd B. Vos, Gavin P. Winston, Yingying Zhang, Wenyu Liu, Dongmei An, Baris Kanber, Dong Zhou, Josemir W. Sander, Maria Thom, John S. Duncan, Daniel C. Alexander, Marian Galovic, Matthias J. Koepp
Summary: This study uses a machine learning algorithm to analyze structural MRI data of patients with epilepsy and control subjects, and identifies distinct subtypes of spatiotemporal progression of brain atrophy in different types of epilepsy. The findings suggest underlying processes in the progression of epilepsy-related brain atrophy and provide a novel MRI- and AI-guided epilepsy taxonomy for personalized prognosis and targeted therapeutics.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Claudia Zeicu, Antoine Legouhy, Catherine A. Scott, Joana F. A. Oliveira, Gavin P. Winston, John S. Duncan, Sjoerd B. Vos, Maria Thom, Samden Lhatoo, Hui Zhang, Ronald M. Harper, Beate Diehl
Summary: This study investigated the volume and microstructure of the amygdala in patients with epilepsy and found that those with focal-to-bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCS) had increased amygdala volumes and decreased neurite density compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, patients with post-convulsive central apnea (PCCA) had the highest increase in amygdala volume. These structural alterations may be associated with cardiorespiratory patterns mediated by the amygdala after FBTCS.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Yi-Jun Ge, Bang-Sheng Wu, Yi Zhang, Shi-Dong Chen, Ya-Ru Zhang, Ju-Jiao Kang, Yue-Ting Deng, Ya-Nan Ou, Xiao-Yu He, Yong-Li Zhao, Kevin Kuo, Qing Ma, Tobias Banaschewski, Gareth J. Barker, Arun L. W. Bokde, Sylvane Desrivieres, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Ruediger Bruehl, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Eric Artiges, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Herve Lemaitre, Tomas Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Sabina Millenet, Juliane H. Froehner, Michael N. Smolka, Nilakshi Vaidya, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Jian-Feng IMAGEN Consortium, Jian-Feng Feng, Lan Tan, Qiang Dong, Gunter Schumann, Wei Cheng, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: This study investigates the genetic basis of ventricular morphology and its overlap with neuropsychiatric traits. The researchers identify unique loci and candidate genes associated with ventricular morphology and reveal the enrichment of these genes in biological processes and disease pathogenesis. They also explore the age-dependent genetic associations of ventricular-trait-associated loci in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative processes.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rakesh Pandey, Satchit Prasun Mandal, Meenakshi Shukla, Vishnukant Tripathi, Elena Antonova, Veena Kumari
Summary: Dispositional mindfulness reduces the risk of mental health problems by reducing maladaptive emotion processing styles and associated negative affect.
